A Timeless Art Form

Posters have a unique ability to capture our attention and resonate with us on a personal level. They can evoke memories, inspire creativity, and reflect the cultural zeitgeist of their time. From the iconic “You don’t have to be Jewish to love Levy’s” rye bread advertisement that adorned subway platforms to the psychedelic rock posters of the 1960s, posters have played a significant role in American art and design.

The National Museum of American Art’s Exhibition

The National Museum of American Art’s exhibition, “Posters American Style,” showcases 120 classic posters that trace the evolution of this art form from 1895 to 1995. Guest-curated by Therese Thau Heyman, the exhibition highlights the work of influential graphic artists such as Maxfield Parrish, Arthur Wesley Dow, Florence Lundborg, and Edward Penfield.

Inventive Beginnings

The early posters in the exhibition demonstrate the inventive spirit of American graphic artists. Maxfield Parrish’s 1897 lithograph for the Adlake Camera, for example, incorporates elements of Art Nouveau, Japanese design, and photography. This eclectic mix of influences set a high aesthetic standard for future poster artists.

The Rise of Mass Advertising

As mass advertising emerged in the early 20th century, posters became an essential tool for businesses to promote their products and services. Edward Penfield’s iconic posters for Harper’s Magazine and Coca-Cola are prime examples of the power of posters to create memorable and effective advertising campaigns.

Art and Commerce Intersect

The exhibition also explores the intersection of art and commerce in poster design. While some posters were created solely for commercial purposes, others were conceived as works of art in their own right. Florence Lundborg’s ethereal posters for the California Pacific International Exposition in 1939 exemplify this artistic approach.

The Influence of Japanese Design

The influence of Japanese design is evident throughout the exhibition. Arthur Wesley Dow, a leading figure in the American Arts and Crafts movement, was particularly inspired by Japanese aesthetics. His posters for the Boston Museum of Fine Arts demonstrate the delicate balance and simplicity that characterize Japanese art.

The Golden Age of Rock Posters

The exhibition concludes with a section dedicated to the iconic rock posters of the 1960s. These posters, often created by underground artists, reflected the psychedelic and countercultural spirit of the era. The vibrant colors, surreal imagery, and bold typography of these posters captured the essence of the rock music scene and became cultural artifacts in their own right.

Preserving and Appreciating Posters

Today, classic posters are highly sought-after collectibles. The National Museum of American Art’s exhibition not only showcases the beauty and diversity of posters but also raises awareness about the importance of preserving and appreciating these ephemeral works of art.

Whether you’re a seasoned collector or simply appreciate the beauty of graphic design, the “Posters American Style” exhibition is a must-see. It offers a unique glimpse into the evolution of American art and design, from its inventive beginnings to its enduring legacy.

Origins and Design

During the tumultuous period of World War II, the British government commissioned a series of propaganda posters to bolster public morale. Among these was the now-iconic “Keep Calm and Carry On” poster, created in 1939. It featured a distinctive sans serif typeface on a solid color background, topped by a crown.

Initial Distribution and Fate

The “Keep Calm” poster was intended for mass distribution upon the outbreak of war. However, it was deemed too tame and uninspiring, and its release was delayed. Only a small number were printed, and most were subsequently pulped due to a wartime paper shortage.

Rediscovery and Revival

In 2000, Stuart and Mary Manley, owners of Barter Books in Northumberland, stumbled upon a copy of the “Keep Calm” poster in a box of used books. They framed it and displayed it in their shop, where it quickly gained popularity. Over the next decade, the poster’s image spread through copies and parodies, becoming one of the most recognizable memes of the 21st century.

Austerity Nostalgia and Cultural Significance

The resurgence of the “Keep Calm” poster has been attributed to the concept of “austerity nostalgia.” During times of economic crisis, such as the credit crisis of 2008 and the Brexit referendum, people tend to seek comfort in nostalgic symbols of a simpler time. The poster’s message of resilience and stoicism has resonated with people facing adversity.

Other Propaganda Posters in the Series

The “Keep Calm” poster was part of a series of three propaganda posters designed by the British government. The other two featured the slogans “Your Courage, Your Cheerfulness, Your Resolution Will Bring Us Victory” and “Freedom Is in Peril. Defend It With All Your Might.” These posters were widely distributed during the war and played a significant role in shaping public opinion.

Government’s Concerns and Second Thoughts

Despite its eventual popularity, the “Keep Calm” poster initially raised concerns within the government. Some officials worried that the Treasury would resent being told what to do, while others feared that the poster was too commonplace to inspire or might even annoy people by doubting their resilience.

Uncovering Hidden Copies and Renewed Relevance

For decades, only the Manleys’ copy and one other were known to exist. However, in 2012, the BBC’s “Antiques Roadshow” uncovered a batch of 20 “Keep Calm” posters, sparking renewed interest in their history. With the UK’s decision to Brexit, the poster’s message has taken on new relevance, reflecting the nation’s resilience in the face of political and economic uncertainty.

Conclusion

The “Keep Calm and Carry On” poster has become an enduring cultural icon, embodying the spirit of resilience and stoicism in the face of adversity. Its rediscovery and revival have been fueled by nostalgia and its relevance to contemporary challenges. From its humble origins as a wartime propaganda tool to its status as a beloved meme, the poster continues to inspire and resonate with people around the world.