{"id":10270,"date":"2021-08-05T03:08:20","date_gmt":"2021-08-05T03:08:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=10270"},"modified":"2021-08-05T03:08:20","modified_gmt":"2021-08-05T03:08:20","slug":"growing-caring-for-philodendrons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/gardening\/growing-caring-for-philodendrons\/","title":{"rendered":"Filodendrony: Komplexn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm a p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o tyto obl\u00edben\u00e9 pokojov\u00e9 rostliny"},"content":{"rendered":"

Filodendron: Kompletn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm a p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o tyto obl\u00edben\u00e9 pokojov\u00e9 rostliny<\/h2>\n\n

Obecn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na p\u00e9\u010di<\/h3>\n\n

Filodendrony jsou relativn\u011b nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 pokojov\u00e9 rostliny, kter\u00e9 jsou vhodn\u00e9 i pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky. Da\u0159\u00ed se jim na sv\u011btl\u00e9m, nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m sv\u011btle a je t\u0159eba je zal\u00e9vat, kdy\u017e vrchn\u00ed centimetr p\u016fdy vyschne. Filodendrony preferuj\u00ed kypr\u00fd, dob\u0159e odvodn\u011bn\u00fd substr\u00e1t bohat\u00fd na organickou hmotu. B\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed by se m\u011bly hnojit jednou m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm tekut\u00fdm hnojivem.<\/p>\n\n

Zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n

Filodendrony je t\u0159eba zal\u00e9vat, kdy\u017e vrchn\u00ed centimetr p\u016fdy vyschne. Nadm\u011brn\u00e9 zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k hnilob\u011b ko\u0159en\u016f, zat\u00edmco nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit vadnut\u00ed list\u016f. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 posoudit vlhkost p\u016fdy, a nespol\u00e9hat se pouze na listy, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m napov\u00ed, kdy je \u010das zal\u00edt. Net\u00fdkav\u00e9 odr\u016fdy sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed o n\u011bco su\u0161\u0161\u00ed podm\u00ednky ne\u017e pop\u00ednav\u00e9 druhy. V obdob\u00ed zimn\u00edho klidu z\u00e1livku omezte.<\/p>\n\n

P\u016fda<\/h3>\n\n

Filodendrony preferuj\u00ed kypr\u00fd, dob\u0159e odvodn\u011bn\u00fd substr\u00e1t bohat\u00fd na organickou hmotu. Dobrou p\u016fdn\u00ed sm\u011bs\u00ed pro filodendrony je sm\u011bs ra\u0161eliny, perlitu a vermikulitu. P\u016fda by m\u011bla m\u00edt pH kolem 6,0. Filodendrony jsou citliv\u00e9 na soli, kter\u00e9 se v p\u016fd\u011b hromad\u00ed, proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 substr\u00e1t ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva m\u011bs\u00edce propl\u00e1chnout d\u016fkladn\u00fdm zalit\u00edm rostliny, dokud voda nevyt\u00e9k\u00e1 z dren\u00e1\u017en\u00edch otvor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Sv\u011btlo<\/h3>\n\n

Filodendron\u016fm se da\u0159\u00ed na sv\u011btl\u00e9m, nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m sv\u011btle. Snesou i podm\u00ednky se slab\u00fdm osv\u011btlen\u00edm, ale jejich r\u016fst bude pomalej\u0161\u00ed a jejich listy mohou b\u00fdt men\u0161\u00ed. Vyhn\u011bte se umis\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed filodendron\u016f na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo, proto\u017ee by mohlo listy sp\u00e1lit.<\/p>\n\n

\u0158ez<\/h3>\n\n

Filodendrony lze \u0159ezat, abyste zkrotili jejich velikost a tvar. \u0158ez se nejl\u00e9pe prov\u00e1d\u00ed na ja\u0159e nebo v l\u00e9t\u011b. Chcete-li filodendron se\u0159\u00edznout, jednodu\u0161e se\u0159\u00edzn\u011bte stonky na po\u017eadovanou d\u00e9lku. M\u016f\u017eete tak\u00e9 odstranit v\u0161echny ze\u017eloutl\u00e9 nebo po\u0161kozen\u00e9 listy.<\/p>\n\n

Mno\u017een\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n

Filodendrony se snadno mno\u017e\u00ed \u0159\u00edzkov\u00e1n\u00edm stonk\u016f nebo d\u011blen\u00edm trs\u016f. Chcete-li mno\u017eit \u0159\u00edzkov\u00e1n\u00edm stonk\u016f, odeberte ze zdrav\u00e9ho stonku 15centimetrov\u00fd \u0159\u00edzek a vlo\u017ete jej do n\u00e1doby s vodou. \u0158\u00edzek do n\u011bkolika t\u00fddn\u016f vytvo\u0159\u00ed ko\u0159eny. Jakmile jsou ko\u0159eny n\u011bkolik centimetr\u016f dlouh\u00e9, lze \u0159\u00edzek zasadit do p\u016fdy. Chcete-li mno\u017eit d\u011blen\u00edm trs\u016f, opatrn\u011b vyjm\u011bte rostlinu z kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de a rozd\u011blte ko\u0159enov\u00fd bal na dv\u011b nebo v\u00edce \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st by m\u011bla m\u00edt alespo\u0148 t\u0159i listy. Odd\u011blen\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti zasa\u010fte do \u010derstv\u00e9 p\u016fdn\u00ed sm\u011bsi.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n

Filodendrony byste m\u011bli p\u0159esazovat ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva a\u017e t\u0159i roky nebo kdy\u017e jsou ko\u0159eny sv\u00e1zan\u00e9. Chcete-li filodendron p\u0159esadit, opatrn\u011b jej vyjm\u011bte z kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de a um\u00edst\u011bte do nov\u00e9ho kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de, kter\u00fd je o jednu velikost v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Napl\u0148te kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d \u010derstvou p\u016fdn\u00ed sm\u011bs\u00ed a rostlinu d\u016fkladn\u011b zalijte.<\/p>\n\n

\u0160k\u016fdci a choroby<\/h3>\n\n

Filodendrony jsou obecn\u011b odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di \u0161k\u016fdc\u016fm a chorob\u00e1m. Mohou b\u00fdt v\u0161ak n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm \u0161k\u016fdc\u016fm pokojov\u00fdch rostlin, jako jsou m\u0161ice, \u010dervci, \u0161t\u00edtenky, t\u0159\u00e1sn\u011bnky a svilu\u0161ky. Tyto \u0161k\u016fdce lze o\u0161et\u0159it r\u016fzn\u00fdmi metodami, v\u010detn\u011b insekticidn\u00edho m\u00fddla, neemov\u00e9ho oleje nebo zahradnick\u00e9ho oleje. Filodendrony mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k mozaikov\u00fdm chorob\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 jsou zp\u016fsobeny viry. Mozaikov\u00e9 choroby nelze vyl\u00e9\u010dit, ale lze jim p\u0159edch\u00e1zet kontrolou m\u0161ic a zamezen\u00edm kontaktu s infikovan\u00fdmi rostlinami.<\/p>\n\n

\u0158e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f<\/h3>\n\n

\u017dlut\u00e9 listy<\/strong> mohou b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobeny r\u016fzn\u00fdmi faktory, v\u010detn\u011b nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed, nedostate\u010dn\u00e9ho zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed, nedostatku \u017eivin nebo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla.<\/p>\n\n

Hn\u011bd\u00e9 listy<\/strong> mohou b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobeny nedostate\u010dn\u00fdm zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00edm, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla nebo n\u00edzk\u00fdmi teplotami.<\/p>\n\n

Vadnouc\u00ed listy<\/strong> mohou b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobeny nadm\u011brn\u00fdm zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00edm, nedostate\u010dn\u00fdm zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00edm nebo hnilobou ko\u0159en\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Pokud m\u00e1te probl\u00e9my se sv\u00fdm filodendronem, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 nejprve identifikovat p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu probl\u00e9mu. Jakmile zn\u00e1te p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu, m\u016f\u017eete podniknout kroky k jej\u00ed n\u00e1prav\u011b a obnoven\u00ed zdrav\u00ed rostliny.<\/p>\n\n

Obl\u00edben\u00e9 odr\u016fdy filodendron\u016f<\/h3>\n\n

Existuj\u00ed stovky r\u016fzn\u00fdch odr\u016fd filodendron\u016f, ka\u017ed\u00e1 se sv\u00fdmi vlastn\u00edmi jedine\u010dn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. Mezi n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch odr\u016fd pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • Philodendron bipinnatifidum:<\/strong> Tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako stromov\u00fd filodendron, tato odr\u016fda m\u00e1 hluboce lalo\u010dnat\u00e9, krajkovit\u00e9 listy.<\/li>\n
  • Philodendron erubescens:<\/strong> Tato odr\u016fda m\u00e1 na\u010dervenal\u00e9 stonky a listy. Odr\u016fda “Pink Princess” tohoto druhu m\u00e1 listy ve tvaru srdce s r\u016f\u017eov\u00fdmi pana\u0161ovan\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1stmi.<\/li>\n
  • Philodendron gloriosum:<\/strong> Tato odr\u016fda m\u00e1 velk\u00e9 zelen\u00e9 listy s n\u00e1padn\u00fdmi b\u00edl\u00fdmi \u017eilkami.<\/li>\n
  • Philodendron scandens:<\/strong> Tato odr\u016fda m\u00e1 listy ve tvaru srdce, kter\u00e9 jsou n\u011bkdy v\u00edcebarevn\u00e9.<\/li>\n
  • Philodendron selloum:<\/strong> Tato odr\u016fda m\u00e1 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b velk\u00e9, d\u011blen\u00e9 listy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Filodendrony jsou kr\u00e1sn\u00fdm a v\u0161estrann\u00fdm dopl\u0148kem ka\u017ed\u00e9 dom\u00e1cnosti. Se spr\u00e1vnou p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed mohou prosp\u00edvat po mnoho let a p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et radost do va\u0161eho vnit\u0159n\u00edho prostoru.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Filodendron: Kompletn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm a p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o tyto obl\u00edben\u00e9 pokojov\u00e9 rostliny Obecn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na p\u00e9\u010di Filodendrony jsou relativn\u011b nen\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 pokojov\u00e9 rostliny, kter\u00e9 jsou vhodn\u00e9 i pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky. Da\u0159\u00ed se jim…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8813],"tags":[14431,8849,9032,9320],"class_list":["post-10270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gardening","tag-philodendrons","tag-plant-care","tag-houseplants","tag-indoor-gardening"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10270"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10270\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10271,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10270\/revisions\/10271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}