{"id":10286,"date":"2021-02-13T09:49:11","date_gmt":"2021-02-13T09:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=10286"},"modified":"2021-02-13T09:49:11","modified_gmt":"2021-02-13T09:49:11","slug":"african-fern-pine-versatile-resilient-tree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/botany\/african-fern-pine-versatile-resilient-tree\/","title":{"rendered":"Africk\u00e1 kapradina: V\u0161estrann\u00fd a odoln\u00fd strom pro rozmanit\u00e9 krajiny"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Africk\u00e1 kapradina: V\u0161estrann\u00fd a odoln\u00fd strom pro rozmanit\u00e9 krajiny<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Popis a vlastnosti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Africk\u00e1 kapradina (Afrocarpus gracilior), jehli\u010dnan poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Afriky, je proslul\u00fd sv\u00fdmi charakteristick\u00fdmi kapradin\u011b podobn\u00fdmi listy a p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdm r\u016fstov\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. Jeho dlouh\u00e9, \u00fazk\u00e9 listy, kter\u00e9 v dosp\u011blosti z\u00edskaj\u00ed tmav\u011b zelen\u00fd odst\u00edn, jsou rozm\u00edst\u011bny nepravideln\u011b a mohou dos\u00e1hnout d\u00e9lky a\u017e 10 cm. Strom vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed hustou korunu, kter\u00e1 p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m zast\u0159i\u017een\u00ed vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed zaoblen\u00fd nebo ov\u00e1ln\u00fd tvar. Ve sv\u00e9m p\u0159irozen\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee africk\u00e1 kapradina dos\u00e1hnout v\u00fd\u0161ky a\u017e 18 metr\u016f a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky a\u017e 10,5 metru.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdsadba a p\u00e9\u010de<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Sv\u011btlo:<\/strong> Africk\u00e9 kapradiny prosp\u00edvaj\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9m rann\u00edm slunci, ale snesou i stinn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. V teplej\u0161\u00edm podneb\u00ed je prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd ur\u010dit\u00fd st\u00edn, zejm\u00e9na v pozdn\u00edm odpoledni.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>P\u016fda:<\/strong> Tyto stromy nejsou nijak zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 vyb\u00edrav\u00e9, co se t\u00fd\u010de p\u016fdn\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Snesou nekvalitn\u00ed a zhutn\u011bnou p\u016fdu, ale d\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159ednost m\u00edrn\u011b kysel\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b. Mohou v\u0161ak dob\u0159e r\u016fst i v neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo dokonce m\u00edrn\u011b z\u00e1sadit\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b. Zajist\u011bte, aby p\u016fda m\u011bla dobr\u00fd odvod, abyste zabr\u00e1nili hnilob\u011b ko\u0159en\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Voda:<\/strong> B\u011bhem prvn\u00edch dvou let po v\u00fdsadb\u011b zal\u00e9vejte africkou kapradinu jednou t\u00fddn\u011b hluboce. Frekvenci z\u00e1livky postupn\u011b sni\u017eujte na jednou za dva t\u00fddny b\u011bhem t\u0159et\u00edho roku. Pot\u00e9 zal\u00e9vejte strom podle m\u00edstn\u00edch klimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. A\u010dkoli dosp\u011bl\u00e9 kapradiny sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed sucho, s pravidelnou z\u00e1livkou budou prosp\u00edvat.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Hnojivo:<\/strong> Africkou kapradinu p\u0159ihnojujte na ja\u0159e p\u0159ed vyra\u0161en\u00edm nov\u00fdch v\u00fdhonk\u016f. Pou\u017eijte vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9, univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed hnojivo podle n\u00e1vodu na obalu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mlad\u00e9 africk\u00e9 kapradiny by m\u011bly b\u00fdt pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1ny, aby se vytvo\u0159il centr\u00e1ln\u00ed termin\u00e1l a siln\u00e1 struktura v\u011btv\u00ed. Po zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00ed je pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010deno p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro estetick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely, jako je dosa\u017een\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9 velikosti a tvaru. U \u017eiv\u00fdch plot\u016f udr\u017eujte jednotnou v\u00fd\u0161ku a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku pravideln\u00fdm sest\u0159ihov\u00e1n\u00edm rostlin.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mno\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Africk\u00e9 kapradiny lze mno\u017eit \u0159\u00edzkov\u00e1n\u00edm. Zde je podrobn\u00fd n\u00e1vod:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Od\u0159\u00edzn\u011bte 10 a\u017e 15 cm dlouhou \u010d\u00e1st z nov\u00e9ho v\u00fdhonku zdrav\u00e9 v\u011btve.<\/li>\n<li>Odstra\u0148te jehlice z doln\u00ed t\u0159etiny \u0159\u00edzku.<\/li>\n<li>Namo\u010dte od\u0159\u00edznut\u00fd konec do zako\u0159e\u0148ovac\u00edho hormonu, abyste podpo\u0159ili r\u016fst ko\u0159en\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Napl\u0148te kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d sm\u011bs\u00ed ra\u0161eliny nebo podobn\u00e9 zeminy a hrub\u00e9ho p\u00edsku. \u0158\u00edzku zasa\u010fte do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de a ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st bez jehlic je nad povrchem zeminy.<\/li>\n<li>\u0158\u00edzek zalijte a p\u0159ikryjte kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d plastem, abyste vytvo\u0159ili vlhk\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Odstra\u0148te plast pravideln\u011b, abyste zalili a zkontrolovali vlhkost. Kdy\u017e se objev\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u00fdhonky, plast \u00fapln\u011b odstra\u0148te.<\/li>\n<li>Nechte mlad\u00fd stromek r\u016fst a zr\u00e1t v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010di, ne\u017e ho p\u0159esad\u00edte na trval\u00e9 m\u00edsto.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdsadba do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u016f a p\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Africk\u00e9 kapradiny lze p\u011bstovat v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch, co\u017e je \u010din\u00ed vhodn\u00fdmi pro terasy, balkony a jako \u017eiv\u00e9 ploty pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed soukrom\u00ed. Pou\u017eijte velk\u00e9 n\u00e1doby s dren\u00e1\u017en\u00edmi otvory a napl\u0148te je dob\u0159e odvodn\u011bnou zeminou. Jak strom roste, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nutn\u00e9 ho p\u0159esadit do v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1dob.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160k\u016fdci a choroby<\/h2>\n\n<p>Africk\u00e9 kapradiny jsou obecn\u011b odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f a chorob. Ob\u010das je v\u0161ak mohou napadnout m\u0161ice, \u010dervci nebo sazovit\u00e1 pl\u00edse\u0148. Tyto napaden\u00ed jsou z\u0159\u00eddka z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e1 a lze je zvl\u00e1dnout vhodnou l\u00e9\u010dbou.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 dotazy<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V jak\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od sebe by m\u011bly b\u00fdt africk\u00e9 kapradiny vysazeny pro \u017eiv\u00fd plot, kter\u00fd zajist\u00ed soukrom\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pro hust\u00fd \u017eiv\u00fd plot vysazujte kapradiny p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 60 cm od sebe.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak pozn\u00e1te, zda m\u00e1te sam\u010d\u00ed nebo sami\u010d\u00ed africkou kapradinu?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sam\u010d\u00ed stromy produkuj\u00ed pouze mal\u00e9 \u017elut\u00e9 kv\u011bty, zat\u00edmco sami\u010d\u00ed stromy produkuj\u00ed bobule a kv\u011bty.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u011blaj\u00ed kapradinov\u00e9 stromy nepo\u0159\u00e1dek?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Sam\u010d\u00ed kapradinov\u00e9 stromy jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za \u201e\u010dist\u00e9\u201c stromy s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm mno\u017estv\u00edm opadu, zat\u00edmco sami\u010d\u00ed stromy maj\u00ed tendenci shazovat zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed plody.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak velk\u00e9 kapradinov\u00e9 stromy dor\u016fstaj\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Velikost africk\u00e9 kapradiny z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zp\u016fsobu jej\u00edho p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se p\u011bstuje jako strom v zemi, m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout v\u00fd\u0161ky 18 metr\u016f nebo v\u00edce. V n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch nebo jako \u017eiv\u00e9 ploty ji lze udr\u017eovat men\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi africkou kapradinou a tisovcem?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Africk\u00e9 kapradiny i tisovce jsou st\u00e1lezelen\u00e9 stromy s podobn\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm v krajin\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Africk\u00e1 kapradina m\u00e1 v\u0161ak elegantn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed strukturu list\u016f a je o n\u011bco odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di chladu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed tipy<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Africk\u00e9 kapradiny jsou dob\u0159e p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e9 m\u011bstsk\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed, sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a omezen\u00fd prostor v p\u016fd\u011b.<\/li>\n<li>Lze je p\u011bstovat na st\u011bn\u00e1ch nebo plotech, co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00fd a prostorov\u011b \u00fasporn\u00fd prvek.<\/li>\n<li>Topiary lze pou\u017e\u00edt k tvarov\u00e1n\u00ed africk\u00fdch kapradin do r\u016fzn\u00fdch dekorativn\u00edch tvar\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Africk\u00e1 kapradina: V\u0161estrann\u00fd a odoln\u00fd strom pro rozmanit\u00e9 krajiny Popis a vlastnosti Africk\u00e1 kapradina (Afrocarpus gracilior), jehli\u010dnan poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Afriky, je proslul\u00fd sv\u00fdmi charakteristick\u00fdmi kapradin\u011b podobn\u00fdmi listy a p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost\u00ed&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1823],"tags":[14439,13110,14441,14442,8984,14440],"class_list":["post-10286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-botany","tag-african-fern-pine","tag-fern-like-foliage","tag-adaptable","tag-resilient","tag-evergreen","tag-versatile-tree"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10286"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10287,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10286\/revisions\/10287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}