{"id":10358,"date":"2019-12-31T13:24:21","date_gmt":"2019-12-31T13:24:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=10358"},"modified":"2019-12-31T13:24:21","modified_gmt":"2019-12-31T13:24:21","slug":"squirting-cucumber-care-toxicity-and-uses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/botany\/squirting-cucumber-care-toxicity-and-uses\/","title":{"rendered":"St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka: Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 rostlina"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka: Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 rostlina<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159ehled<\/h2>\n\n<p>St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako exploduj\u00edc\u00ed okurka, je jedine\u010dn\u00e1 a fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed rostlina, kter\u00e1 p\u0159itahuje pozornost sv\u00fdm v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed semen. Pat\u0159\u00ed do rodu Ecballium a jedn\u00e1 se o vytrvalou pop\u00ednavou rostlinu charakterizovanou sv\u00fdmi ostnat\u00fdmi plody, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i uzr\u00e1n\u00ed nebo vyru\u0161en\u00ed prudce praskaj\u00ed a vyst\u0159eluj\u00ed semena pokryt\u00e1 slizem a\u017e do vzd\u00e1lenosti 20 stop.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Charakteristika<\/h2>\n\n<p>St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka je rychle rostouc\u00ed rostlina s vr\u00e1s\u010dit\u00fdmi, \u0161t\u011btinat\u00fdmi listy a \u017elut\u00fdmi zvonkovit\u00fdmi kv\u011bty. Obvykle dosahuje v\u00fd\u0161ky 12-18 palc\u016f a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky 1-3 stopy. Rostlina obsahuje elaterium, slou\u010deninu s l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, kdy\u017e je rafinovan\u00e1, ale ve sv\u00e9 nerafinovan\u00e9 form\u011b vysoce toxick\u00e1. Jej\u00ed &#8220;okurkov\u00e9&#8221; plody jsou rozhodn\u011b nejedl\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Toxicita<\/h2>\n\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit jedovatou povahu st\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurky. Nerafinovan\u00e1 forma elateria m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit za\u017e\u00edvac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee, pr\u016fjem, krv\u00e1cen\u00ed, probl\u00e9my s ledvinami a ve velk\u00fdch d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch dokonce i smrt. Proto je nezbytn\u00e9 nosit ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky p\u0159i manipulaci s rostlinou a uchov\u00e1vat ji mimo dosah d\u011bt\u00ed a dom\u00e1c\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Invazn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l<\/h2>\n\n<p>St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka je v mnoha regionech pova\u017eov\u00e1na za invazivn\u00ed rostlinu kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 bohat\u00e9 tvorb\u011b semen. Jej\u00ed plaziv\u00e9 v\u00fdhony se mohou rychle \u0161\u00ed\u0159it a jej\u00ed v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00e9 plody mohou p\u0159isp\u00edvat ke vzniku nov\u00fdch rostlin daleko od mate\u0159sk\u00e9 rostliny. Doporu\u010duje se opatrnost, pokud se rozhodnete tuto rostlinu p\u011bstovat, zejm\u00e9na v oblastech, kde je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee je invazivn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Po\u017eadavky na r\u016fst<\/h2>\n\n<p>St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka prosp\u00edv\u00e1 na pln\u00e9m slunci a dob\u0159e odvodn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b. Toleruje \u0161patn\u00e9 p\u016fdn\u00ed podm\u00ednky a \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu hodnot pH p\u016fdy. Jej\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 n\u00e1roky na vodu ji \u010din\u00ed relativn\u011b nen\u00e1ro\u010dnou na \u00fadr\u017ebu a dok\u00e1\u017ee odolat kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm obdob\u00edm sucha.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurky se obvykle prov\u00e1d\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dobrovoln\u00fdch rostlin, kter\u00e9 vyr\u016fstaj\u00ed ze semen rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fdch v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdmi plody. Tyto sazenice lze na ja\u0159e opatrn\u011b p\u0159esadit na po\u017eadovan\u00e1 m\u00edsta. P\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b lze semena vys\u00e9vat p\u0159\u00edmo na zahrad\u011b po posledn\u00edm mrazu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u00e9\u010de<\/h2>\n\n<p>St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka vy\u017eaduje minim\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. Nevy\u017eaduje hnojen\u00ed, pokud nen\u00ed p\u016fda extr\u00e9mn\u011b ne\u00farodn\u00e1. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161k\u016fdce a choroby lze \u0159e\u0161it zahradnick\u00fdm olejem nebo fungicidn\u00edm sprejem.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159es svou toxicitu a invazivn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l m\u00e1 st\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka v krajin\u011b omezen\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u011bstov\u00e1na jako letn\u00ed pokryvn\u00e1 rostlina pro slunn\u00e9, such\u00e9 oblasti nebo vysazena tak, aby zakryla z\u00e1kladnu plot\u016f. Lze ji tak\u00e9 nau\u010dit r\u016fst na podp\u016frn\u00fdch konstrukc\u00edch, co\u017e poskytuje jedine\u010dn\u00fd a poutav\u00fd dopln\u011bk zahrad.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odstran\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pokud se toxicita nebo invazivita st\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurky stane probl\u00e9mem, lze ji snadno odstranit. Noste vhodn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 pom\u016fcky a opatrn\u011b rostlinu vyt\u00e1hn\u011bte a zlikvidujte ji v uzav\u0159en\u00e9m s\u00e1\u010dku. Odstran\u011bn\u00ed je nejlep\u0161\u00ed prov\u00e9st brzy v vegeta\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed, ne\u017e plody dozraj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed informace<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Historick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed:<\/strong> St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka byla historicky pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na v lidov\u00e9 medic\u00edn\u011b jako l\u00e9k na vodnatelnost, ale jej\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed se ji\u017e nedoporu\u010duje kv\u016fli jej\u00edmu potenci\u00e1lu z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fdch vedlej\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Alternativn\u00ed mo\u017enosti pokryt\u00ed p\u016fdy:<\/strong> Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed hledaj\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b invazivn\u00ed a ok\u00e1zal\u00fd pokryv p\u016fdy, zva\u017ete jin\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, jako je \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fd lampion, cudn\u00fd strom nebo ho\u0159\u00edc\u00ed ke\u0159.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a jedine\u010dn\u00e1 rostlina, ale jej\u00ed toxicita a invazivn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm pe\u010dliv\u011b zv\u00e1\u017eeny. Se spr\u00e1vn\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi a \u0159\u00edzen\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout v\u00fdrazn\u00fd dopln\u011bk zahrad a z\u00e1rove\u0148 respektovat jej\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed rizika.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka: Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 rostlina P\u0159ehled St\u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc\u00ed okurka, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako exploduj\u00edc\u00ed okurka, je jedine\u010dn\u00e1 a fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed rostlina, kter\u00e1 p\u0159itahuje pozornost sv\u00fdm v\u00fdbu\u0161n\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed semen. Pat\u0159\u00ed do&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1823],"tags":[14505,9254,13602,6251,14507,14506,14504],"class_list":["post-10358","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-botany","tag-exploding-cucumber","tag-invasive-plants","tag-toxic-plants","tag-medicinal-plants","tag-plant-curiosities","tag-seed-dispersal","tag-squirting-cucumber"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10358","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10358"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10358\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10359,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10358\/revisions\/10359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10358"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10358"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10358"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}