{"id":10476,"date":"2024-09-30T18:10:52","date_gmt":"2024-09-30T18:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=10476"},"modified":"2024-09-30T18:10:52","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T18:10:52","slug":"growing-heirloom-tomatoes-a-comprehensive-guide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/gardening\/growing-heirloom-tomatoes-a-comprehensive-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u011bstujte d\u011bdictv\u00ed: Komplexn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce raj\u010daty, kter\u00e1 chutnaj\u00ed histori\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat: Komplexn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdsadba d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data jsou obl\u00edben\u00e1 pro svou v\u00fdjime\u010dnou chu\u0165 a bohatou historii. P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto cen\u011bn\u00fdch rostlin je p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b jednoduch\u00e9, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b se spr\u00e1vn\u00fdmi technikami.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kdy s\u00e1zet:<\/strong> Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed dobou pro v\u00fdsadbu d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat je jaro, pot\u00e9, co pominula hrozba mrazu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00fdb\u011br m\u00edsta pro v\u00fdsadbu:<\/strong> Vyberte si slunn\u00e9 m\u00edsto s dob\u0159e odvodn\u011bnou p\u016fdou. Vyhn\u011bte se s\u00e1zen\u00ed v oblastech, kde byla v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b p\u011bstov\u00e1na raj\u010data nebo p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 rostliny (nap\u0159. papriky, lilky), abyste minimalizovali riziko nemoc\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vzd\u00e1lenosti, hloubka a opora:<\/strong> Um\u00edst\u011bte rostliny 2\u20133 stopy od sebe, v z\u00e1vislosti na jejich odr\u016fd\u011b. Sazenice zasa\u010fte hluboko, abyste pos\u00edlili jejich podp\u016frn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Uva\u017eujte o pou\u017eit\u00ed vysok\u00fdch klec\u00ed nebo m\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u00ed pro oporu, proto\u017ee d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data mohou b\u00fdt velk\u00e1 a robustn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u00e9\u010de o rostliny d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sv\u011btlo:<\/strong> D\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data vy\u017eaduj\u00ed dostatek slune\u010dn\u00edho sv\u011btla, alespo\u0148 \u0161est hodin denn\u011b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u016fda:<\/strong> Prosperuj\u00edc\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data preferuj\u00ed bohatou, m\u00edrn\u011b kyselou p\u016fdu s pH 6,0\u20136,8. Zlep\u0161ete t\u011b\u017ekou j\u00edlovitou p\u016fdu vyv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdmi z\u00e1hony nebo p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Voda:<\/strong> Zal\u00e9vejte hluboce a pravideln\u011b, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b b\u011bhem tvorby plod\u016f. Vyvarujte se nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed a nechte p\u016fdu mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi z\u00e1livkami m\u00edrn\u011b vyschnout, abyste p\u0159ede\u0161li probl\u00e9m\u016fm, jako je prask\u00e1n\u00ed a hniloba kv\u011bt\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Teplota a vlhkost:<\/strong> D\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdm raj\u010dat\u016fm se da\u0159\u00ed v tepl\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, s no\u010dn\u00edmi teplotami nad 60 stup\u0148\u016f Fahrenheita. Vysok\u00e1 vlhkost vzduchu obecn\u011b nen\u00ed pro tyto rostliny probl\u00e9mem.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hnojivo:<\/strong> Pravideln\u011b hnojte vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm hnojivem, abyste podpo\u0159ili r\u016fst a tvorbu plod\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Druhy d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat<\/h2>\n\n<p>Existuje nespo\u010det odr\u016fd d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat, ka\u017ed\u00e1 se sv\u00fdmi jedine\u010dn\u00fdmi vlastnostmi. Zde je n\u011bkolik obl\u00edben\u00fdch typ\u016f:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Brandywine:<\/strong> Zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pro sv\u00e9 velk\u00e9, r\u016f\u017eovo\u010derven\u00e9 plody se slo\u017eitou, v\u00fdraznou chut\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Black Krim:<\/strong> Tato odr\u016fda poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z Ruska se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit sladk\u00fdmi, robustn\u011b ochucen\u00fdmi ka\u0161tanov\u00fdmi plody.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Aunt Ruby\u2019s German Green:<\/strong> Tato masit\u00e1 raj\u010data z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed a\u017e do sklizn\u011b zelen\u00e1 a nab\u00edzej\u00ed dokonalou rovnov\u00e1hu sladk\u00e9 a pikantn\u00ed chuti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data vs. hybridn\u00ed raj\u010data<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 a hybridn\u00ed raj\u010data se mohou zd\u00e1t podobn\u00e1, li\u0161\u00ed se v n\u011bkter\u00fdch kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch aspektech. D\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data jsou voln\u011b opylovan\u00e1, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je lze p\u011bstovat z ulo\u017een\u00fdch semen a budou produkovat rostliny identick\u00e9 s mate\u0159skou rostlinou. Hybridn\u00ed raj\u010data jsou na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b vyvinuta k\u0159\u00ed\u017een\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch odr\u016fd a nelze je spolehliv\u011b p\u011bstovat z ulo\u017een\u00fdch semen.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sklize\u0148 d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data jsou p\u0159ipravena ke sklizni, kdy\u017e za\u010dne vrcholit jejich barva. Pokud je nech\u00e1te na vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9v\u011b p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouho, m\u016f\u017ee to podpo\u0159it prask\u00e1n\u00ed. Odr\u016fdy dozr\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed do zelena mohou b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b odhadnout, ale obvykle p\u0159ech\u00e1zej\u00ed z m\u00e1tov\u011b zelen\u00e9 na \u017elutozelenou nebo pruhovanou zelenou, kdy\u017e se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed zralosti. Plody tak\u00e9 m\u00edrn\u011b zm\u011bknou.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pro zahr\u00e1dk\u00e1\u0159e s omezen\u00fdm prostorem nebo pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed preferuj\u00ed flexibilitu p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch, lze d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u011bstovat v kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V\u00fdb\u011br spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de:<\/strong> Pou\u017eijte velk\u00fd kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d (12\u201316 palc\u016f pro mlad\u00e9 rostliny, 24 palc\u016f pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rostliny) s dren\u00e1\u017en\u00edmi otvory.<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u016fda:<\/strong> Vyberte si vysoce kvalitn\u00ed sm\u011bs do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u016f s dobrou dren\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a organickou hmotou.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Voda a hnojivo:<\/strong> Raj\u010data p\u011bstovan\u00e1 v n\u00e1dob\u00e1ch pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed a hnojen\u00ed ne\u017e raj\u010data p\u011bstovan\u00e1 v zemi. Zal\u00e9vejte denn\u011b a ka\u017ed\u00e9 dva t\u00fddny hnojte vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm hnojivem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zlep\u0161it produktivitu rostlin a \u0159\u00eddit r\u016fst.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Odstran\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdhonk\u016f:<\/strong> Odstra\u0148te v\u00fdhonky u b\u00e1ze rostliny, abyste nasm\u011brovali energii do tvorby plod\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed postrann\u00edch v\u00fdhonk\u016f:<\/strong> Pro\u0159ez\u00e1vejte postrann\u00ed v\u00fdhonky, kter\u00e9 se objevuj\u00ed mezi stonkem a v\u011btvemi, abyste sn\u00ed\u017eili po\u010det plodn\u00fdch v\u011btv\u00ed a zv\u00fd\u0161ili velikost plod\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mno\u017een\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0158\u00edzky raj\u010dat lze snadno zako\u0159enit, aby se vytvo\u0159ily nov\u00e9 rostliny.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Odb\u011br \u0159\u00edzk\u016f:<\/strong> Vyberte v\u00fdhonky, kter\u00e9 jsou dlouh\u00e9 alespo\u0148 6 palc\u016f, a odstra\u0148te spodn\u00ed listy, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e naho\u0159e nechte dva.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00ed \u0159\u00edzk\u016f:<\/strong> \u0158\u00edzky zasa\u010fte do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de s bohatou zeminou do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de nebo do sklenice s vodou. Udr\u017eujte m\u00e9dium vlhk\u00e9 a zajist\u011bte jasn\u00e9, nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 sv\u011btlo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat ze semen<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zah\u00e1jen\u00ed p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat ze semen je n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak tyto rostliny p\u011bstovat.<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>V\u00fdsev semen:<\/strong> Vys\u00e9vejte semena do hloubky \u00bc palce do vlhk\u00e9, steriln\u00ed zeminy do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u016f. Udr\u017eujte p\u016fdu teplou a zajist\u011bte jasn\u00e9, nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 sv\u011btlo nebo p\u011bstujte pod um\u011bl\u00fdm osv\u011btlen\u00edm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Presazov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed do v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mlad\u00e9 rostliny:<\/strong> Za\u010dn\u011bte s mlad\u00fdmi rostlinami raj\u010dat v 1galonov\u00e9m nebo v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010di.<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> P\u0159esa\u010fte do v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u016f, jakmile rostliny p\u0159erostou sv\u00e9 n\u00e1doby. Pou\u017e\u00edvejte prvot\u0159\u00eddn\u00ed zeminu do kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d\u016f s dobrou dren\u00e1\u017e\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u011b\u017en\u00ed \u0161k\u016fdci a choroby rostlin<\/h2>\n\n<p>Odolnost v\u016f\u010di \u0161k\u016fdc\u016fm a chorob\u00e1m se li\u0161\u00ed u r\u016fzn\u00fdch odr\u016fd d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat. Mezi b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161k\u016fdce pat\u0159\u00ed mandelinky bramborov\u00e9, m\u0161ice a blechy. Houbov\u00e9 choroby a bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed infekce mohou tak\u00e9 postihnout d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data, zejm\u00e9na ve vlhk\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed tipy pro p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdsadby:<\/strong> V\u00fdsadba bazalky, pa\u017eitky nebo m\u00e1ty v bl\u00edzkosti d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat m\u016f\u017ee odradit \u0161k\u016fdce a zlep\u0161it chu\u0165.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mul\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Mul\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed kolem rostlin raj\u010dat pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zadr\u017eovat vlhkost a potla\u010dovat plevel.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Zal\u00e9vejte hluboce a pravideln\u011b, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b b\u011bhem tvorby plod\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hnojen\u00ed:<\/strong> Pravideln\u011b hnojte vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm hnojivem, abyste podpo\u0159ili r\u016fst a tvorbu plod\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pro\u0159ez\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> Pro\u0159ez\u00e1vejte v\u00fdhonky a postrann\u00ed v\u00fdhonky, abyste zlep\u0161ili produktivitu a velikost plod\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kontrola \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f a chorob:<\/strong> Pravideln\u011b kontrolujte rostliny, zda nejsou napadeny \u0161k\u016fdci a chorobami, a podle pot\u0159eby p\u0159ijm\u011bte vhodn\u00e1 kontroln\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat: Komplexn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce V\u00fdsadba d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdch raj\u010dat D\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 raj\u010data jsou obl\u00edben\u00e1 pro svou v\u00fdjime\u010dnou chu\u0165 a bohatou historii. P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto cen\u011bn\u00fdch rostlin je p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b jednoduch\u00e9, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b se spr\u00e1vn\u00fdmi technikami.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24496,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8813],"tags":[8811,8849,9942,10191,9115],"class_list":["post-10476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gardening","tag-home-gardening","tag-plant-care","tag-growing-vegetables","tag-heirloom-tomatoes","tag-gardening-tips"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10476"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24497,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10476\/revisions\/24497"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24496"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}