Kdy\u017e jednotlivci ztrat\u00ed zrak, jejich mozky podstoup\u00ed pozoruhodn\u00e9 adaptace, aby kompenzovaly nedostatek zrakov\u00fdch vjem\u016f. Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed MRI skeny odhalil v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed a funk\u010dn\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi mozky nevidom\u00fdch a vidouc\u00edch lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Mozky nevidom\u00fdch lid\u00ed vykazuj\u00ed pos\u00edlen\u00e1 propojen\u00ed mezi ur\u010dit\u00fdmi oblastmi, zejm\u00e9na oblastmi t\u00fdln\u00edho a \u010deln\u00edho laloku zodpov\u011bdn\u00fdmi za pracovn\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165. Naopak, v jin\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stech mozku je pozorov\u00e1no sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 propojen\u00ed. Tato struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed reorganizace nazna\u010duje, \u017ee se mozek “p\u0159eprogramuje” v nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti zrakov\u00fdch informac\u00ed, aby pos\u00edlil jin\u00e9 smysly.<\/p>\n\n
Krom\u011b struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch zm\u011bn komunikuj\u00ed mozky nevidom\u00fdch lid\u00ed tak\u00e9 odli\u0161n\u011b. Zejm\u00e9na t\u00fdln\u00ed lalok, kter\u00fd b\u011b\u017en\u011b zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 zrakov\u00e9 informace u vidouc\u00edch jedinc\u016f, byl u nevidom\u00fdch lid\u00ed z\u0159ejm\u011b p\u0159eprogramov\u00e1n ke zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch smyslov\u00fdch vjem\u016f, jako je \u010dich a zvuk. Tato funk\u010dn\u00ed adaptace by mohla vysv\u011btlit, pro\u010d nevidom\u00ed lid\u00e9 za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zes\u00edlen\u00e9 smysly.<\/p>\n\n
Tyto dramatick\u00e9 zm\u011bny v mozku jsou p\u0159ipisov\u00e1ny neuroplasticit\u011b, schopnosti mozku p\u0159izp\u016fsobovat se a m\u011bnit se v reakci na r\u016fzn\u00e9 podn\u011bty. U nevidom\u00fdch jedinc\u016f spou\u0161t\u00ed absence zrakov\u00fdch vjem\u016f reorganizaci mozku s c\u00edlem pos\u00edlit jin\u00e9 smysly.<\/p>\n\n
Reorganizace mozku u nevidom\u00fdch m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro smyslovou kompenzaci. Nevidom\u00ed lid\u00e9 se v zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na sv\u00e9 zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed smysly, jako je sluch, hmat, \u010dich a chu\u0165, aby se orientovali ve sv\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed a interagovali se sv\u011btem.<\/p>\n\n
Tento v\u00fdzkum otev\u00edr\u00e1 vzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed mo\u017enosti pro budouc\u00ed zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u011bdci usiluj\u00ed o prozkoum\u00e1n\u00ed toho, kter\u00e9 \u00fakoly ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed smyslov\u00e9 propojen\u00ed, a vyu\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto znalost\u00ed k v\u00fdvoji terapi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1le pos\u00edl\u00ed smyslovou kompenzaci u nevidom\u00fdch jedinc\u016f. Nav\u00edc porovn\u00e1n\u00ed mozkov\u00fdch sken\u016f jedinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed ztratili zrak pozd\u011bji v \u017eivot\u011b, poskytne cenn\u00e9 poznatky o vlivu n\u00e1stupu slepoty na v\u00fdvoj mozku.<\/p>\n\n
Pochopen\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00e9ho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed mozk\u016f nevidom\u00fdch lid\u00ed je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed jejich kvality \u017eivota. Rozlu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm toho, jak se jejich mozky p\u0159izp\u016fsobuj\u00ed nedostatku zrakov\u00fdch vjem\u016f, mohou v\u011bdci vyvinout c\u00edlen\u00e9 intervence, kter\u00e9 pomohou nevidom\u00fdm lidem p\u0159ekonat v\u00fdzvy a \u017e\u00edt napln\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u017eivoty.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Reorganizace mozku u nevidom\u00fdch: Pos\u00edlen\u00ed smysl\u016f prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm neuroplasticity Struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed a funk\u010dn\u00ed rozd\u00edly Kdy\u017e jednotlivci ztrat\u00ed zrak, jejich mozky podstoup\u00ed pozoruhodn\u00e9 adaptace, aby kompenzovaly nedostatek zrakov\u00fdch vjem\u016f. Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed MRI…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[411],"tags":[2474,2476,687,2477,2475],"class_list":["post-1073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-neuroscience","tag-neuroplasticity","tag-brain-rewiring","tag-blindness","tag-sensory-compensation","tag-sensory-enhancement"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1073","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1073"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1073\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1074,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1073\/revisions\/1074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1073"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1073"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1073"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}