{"id":10862,"date":"2021-10-23T05:19:14","date_gmt":"2021-10-23T05:19:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=10862"},"modified":"2021-10-23T05:19:14","modified_gmt":"2021-10-23T05:19:14","slug":"safe-disposal-of-flammable-oily-rags","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/environmental-science\/safe-disposal-of-flammable-oily-rags\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak bezpe\u010dn\u011b zlikvidovat olejov\u00e9 hadry a zabr\u00e1nit samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak bezpe\u010dn\u011b zlikvidovat ho\u0159lav\u00e9 olejov\u00e9 hadry<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00davod<\/h2>\n\n<p>Olejov\u00e9 hadry, b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k malov\u00e1n\u00ed, mo\u0159en\u00ed a povrchov\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b d\u0159eva, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu potenci\u00e1lu samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed. Tento nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd jev nast\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e se kysl\u00edk ve vzduchu spoj\u00ed s ropn\u00fdmi destil\u00e1ty v hadrech a vytvo\u0159\u00ed teplo. Pokud teplota dos\u00e1hne bodu vzn\u00edcen\u00ed tkaniny, m\u016f\u017ee se vzn\u00edtit a rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pochopen\u00ed samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Chemick\u00fd proces za samovzn\u00edcen\u00edm je jednoduch\u00e1 oxidace. Kdy\u017e kysl\u00edk interaguje s ropn\u00fdmi chemik\u00e1liemi v olejov\u00fdch hadrech, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed teplo. Pokud je teplo zachyceno uvnit\u0159 l\u00e1tky, m\u016f\u017ee se hromadit a nakonec dos\u00e1hnout bodu vzn\u00edcen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Faktory p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed k samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed zahrnuj\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hromady hadr\u016f: Hadry naskl\u00e1dan\u00e9 na sebe zachycuj\u00ed teplo, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje riziko vzn\u00edcen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00edzk\u00fd bod vzn\u00edcen\u00ed: Bavln\u011bn\u00e9 hadry maj\u00ed relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00fd bod vzn\u00edcen\u00ed, co\u017e je \u010din\u00ed n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi k samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Nedostatek rozptylu: Kdy\u017e se olej aplikuje na povrch, teplo z oxidace se rozpt\u00fdl\u00ed do vzduchu. Kdy\u017e se v\u0161ak hadry pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na tkaniny nebo jsou naskl\u00e1d\u00e1ny na sebe, teplo je zachyceno, co\u017e zvy\u0161uje riziko vzn\u00edcen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prevence samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Prevence samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed olejov\u00fdch hadr\u016f zahrnuje dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed strategie:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Odep\u0159en\u00ed kysl\u00edku:<\/strong> Pono\u0159en\u00ed olejov\u00fdch hadr\u016f do vody nebo jejich ulo\u017een\u00ed do vzduchot\u011bsn\u00fdch kovov\u00fdch n\u00e1dob zabr\u00e1n\u00ed kysl\u00edku, aby se dostal k hadr\u016fm a spustil oxidaci.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rozptyl tepla:<\/strong> Nech\u00e1n\u00ed olejov\u00fdch hadr\u016f zcela uschnout na otev\u0159en\u00e9m, dob\u0159e v\u011btran\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b zajist\u00ed, \u017ee se teplo z oxidace ne\u0161kodn\u011b rozpt\u00fdl\u00ed do vzduchu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 metody likvidace<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pono\u0159en\u00ed do vody:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nejbezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak skladovat nebo p\u0159epravovat ho\u0159lav\u00e9 olejov\u00e9 hadry, je pono\u0159it je do vody v kovov\u00e9 n\u00e1dob\u011b s v\u00edkem. Voda a uzav\u0159en\u00e1 n\u00e1doba zabr\u00e1n\u00ed kysl\u00edku, aby se dostal k hadr\u016fm a vzn\u00edtil je.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Su\u0161en\u00ed a likvidace:<\/h2>\n\n<p>Alternativn\u011b lze olejov\u00e9 hadry p\u0159ed likvidac\u00ed zcela vysu\u0161it. To umo\u017e\u0148uje ropn\u00fdm destil\u00e1t\u016fm odpa\u0159it se v otev\u0159en\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e rozpt\u00fdl\u00ed teplo z oxidace. Jakmile jsou hadry zcela such\u00e9, lze je zlikvidovat podle pokyn\u016f m\u00edstn\u00ed slu\u017eby pro nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s odpady nebo st\u0159ediska pro nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdm odpadem.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nikdy nevyl\u00e9vejte olejovou vodu do odpad\u016f ani do p\u016fdy, proto\u017ee ropn\u00e9 produkty jsou toxick\u00e9 a mohou kontaminovat z\u00e1soby podzemn\u00ed vody.<\/li>\n<li>Nepokou\u0161ejte se pr\u00e1t nebo znovu pou\u017e\u00edvat hadry, kter\u00e9 byly nas\u00e1kl\u00e9 olejov\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly. Prysky\u0159ice v ropn\u00fdch destil\u00e1tech a povrchov\u00fdch \u00faprav\u00e1ch na b\u00e1zi oleje mohou v l\u00e1tce ztvrdnout a st\u00e1t se toxick\u00fdmi, pokud se uvoln\u00ed do kanaliza\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n<li>Z t\u00e9ho\u017e d\u016fvodu nep\u0159id\u00e1vejte vysu\u0161en\u00e9 olejov\u00e9 hadry do kompostovac\u00edch hromad.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dopad na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 likvidace olejov\u00fdch hadr\u016f m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Ropn\u00e9 destil\u00e1ty a dal\u0161\u00ed chemik\u00e1lie v olejov\u00fdch hadrech se mohou vsakovat do p\u016fdy a podzemn\u00ed vody, co\u017e zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uje zdroje vody a po\u0161kozuje vodn\u00ed organismy. Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed olejov\u00fdch hadr\u016f nav\u00edc uvol\u0148uje do vzduchu toxick\u00e9 v\u00fdpary, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed ke zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto pokyn\u016f m\u016f\u017eete bezpe\u010dn\u011b zlikvidovat olejov\u00e9 hadry a zabr\u00e1nit riziku samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed. Nezapome\u0148te v\u017edy up\u0159ednostnit bezpe\u010dnost pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch metod skladov\u00e1n\u00ed a likvidace a bu\u010fte si v\u011bdomi dopadu sv\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak bezpe\u010dn\u011b zlikvidovat ho\u0159lav\u00e9 olejov\u00e9 hadry \u00davod Olejov\u00e9 hadry, b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k malov\u00e1n\u00ed, mo\u0159en\u00ed a povrchov\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b d\u0159eva, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu potenci\u00e1lu samovzn\u00edcen\u00ed. Tento nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd jev nast\u00e1v\u00e1,&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[14916,877,272,14914,14915],"class_list":["post-10862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-hazardous-waste-disposal","tag-environmental-protection","tag-fire-safety","tag-petroleum-distillates","tag-spontaneous-combustion"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10862","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10862"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10862\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10863,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10862\/revisions\/10863"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10862"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10862"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10862"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}