{"id":11135,"date":"2019-04-05T22:11:29","date_gmt":"2019-04-05T22:11:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11135"},"modified":"2019-04-05T22:11:29","modified_gmt":"2019-04-05T22:11:29","slug":"lady-slipper-orchids-cypripedium-a-comprehensive-guide-to-cultivation-and-care","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/botany\/lady-slipper-orchids-cypripedium-a-comprehensive-guide-to-cultivation-and-care\/","title":{"rendered":"Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9: V\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebujete v\u011bd\u011bt o kultivaci a p\u00e9\u010di"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 (Cypripedium): Komplexn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce kultivac\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Charakteristika orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch<\/h2>\n\n<p>Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9, pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do rodu Cypripedium, jsou podmaniv\u00e9 rostliny zn\u00e1m\u00e9 pro sv\u00e9 jedine\u010dn\u00e9 kv\u011bty ve tvaru vaku. Jsou to nejprimitivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed orchideje, kter\u00e9 se dnes vyskytuj\u00ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f roste terestricky v m\u00edrn\u00fdch oblastech po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed sv\u00fdm st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dkovit\u00fdm pyskem, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 \u0161pi\u010dku boty.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Druhy orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch<\/h2>\n\n<p>Existuje mnoho druh\u016f orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch, ka\u017ed\u00fd se sv\u00fdmi vlastn\u00edmi odli\u0161n\u00fdmi charakteristikami:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>St\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edk pantofl\u00ed\u010dek (Cypripedium acaule):<\/strong> Produkuje syt\u011b r\u016f\u017eov\u00e9 kv\u011bty od konce \u010dervna do \u010dervence.<\/li>\n<li><strong>St\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edk obecn\u00fd (Cypripedium calceolus):<\/strong> M\u00e1 m\u00e1slov\u011b \u017elut\u00fd kv\u011bt, kter\u00fd kvete na za\u010d\u00e1tku jara.<\/li>\n<li><strong>St\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edk \u017elut\u00fd v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed (Cypripedium parviflorum pubescens):<\/strong> M\u016f\u017ee dor\u016fst a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161ky 2 stop, s kv\u011btn\u00edmi l\u00edstky a\u017e do \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky 6 palc\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>St\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edk kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fd (Cypripedium reginae):<\/strong> Velk\u00fd druh s b\u00edl\u00fdmi kv\u011bty s r\u016f\u017eov\u00fdm \u017eilkov\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 kvetou na konci jara nebo za\u010d\u00e1tkem l\u00e9ta.<\/li>\n<li><strong>St\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edk b\u011blokv\u011bt\u00fd (Cypripedium candidum):<\/strong> Mal\u00fd druh, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za ohro\u017een\u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u00e9\u010de o orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n<p>Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed pro sv\u016fj rozkv\u011bt specifickou p\u00e9\u010di:<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Sv\u011btlo:<\/strong> Up\u0159ednost\u0148uj\u00ed podm\u00ednky slab\u00e9ho, nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho sv\u011btla. Ide\u00e1ln\u00ed jsou okna orientovan\u00e1 na v\u00fdchod nebo zast\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 na jih. Vhodn\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159ivkov\u00e9 osv\u011btlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>P\u016fda:<\/strong> V\u011bt\u0161ina orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch je terestrick\u00fdch a roste ve specifick\u00fdch typech p\u016fdy. Vhodn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de zahrnuj\u00ed rozdrcenou k\u016fru osmundy, st\u0159edn\u011b kvalitn\u00ed k\u016fru jedle a drcen\u00e9 su\u0161en\u00e9 dubov\u00e9 listy. Vyvarujte se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9ho stla\u010den\u00ed sm\u011bsi.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Voda:<\/strong> Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9, stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 sympodi\u00e1ln\u00ed orchideje, uchov\u00e1vaj\u00ed vodu a \u017eiviny ve sv\u00fdch pseudobulb\u00e1ch, co\u017e jim umo\u017e\u0148uje vydr\u017eet n\u011bjakou dobu mezi z\u00e1livkami. Zal\u00e9vejte, kdy\u017e se substr\u00e1t pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de na dotek m\u00edrn\u011b vysu\u0161\u00ed. Vyhn\u011bte se nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Teplota:<\/strong> R\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch maj\u00ed specifick\u00e9 teplotn\u00ed po\u017eadavky. Pestr\u00e9 typy list\u016f prosp\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i denn\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch mezi 75 a 85 stupni Fahrenheita a no\u010dn\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch od 60 do 65 stup\u0148\u016f Fahrenheita. Zelen\u00e9 typy list\u016f preferuj\u00ed denn\u00ed teploty mezi 75 a 80 stupni Fahrenheita a no\u010dn\u00ed teploty mezi 50 a 60 stupni Fahrenheita.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Vlhkost vzduchu:<\/strong> Vyhovuj\u00edc\u00ed je st\u0159edn\u00ed vlhkost 40 a\u017e 50 procent. Um\u00edst\u011bte kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d s orchidej\u00ed na podnos se \u0161t\u011brkem \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b napln\u011bn\u00fdm vodou, abyste udr\u017eeli vlhkost vzduchu. Zabr\u00e1n\u00edte tak tomu, aby se vlhkost usazovala na listech nebo korun\u011b rostliny.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Hnojivo:<\/strong> Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 jsou citliv\u00e9 na hnojen\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edvejte vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00e9 hnojivo pro orchideje z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9 na 1\/4 a\u017e 1\/2 s\u00edly a aplikujte jednou za dva t\u00fddny b\u011bhem vegeta\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed. Jednou m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b propl\u00e1chn\u011bte \u010distou vodou, abyste odstranili \u0161kodliv\u00e9 soli.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mno\u017een\u00ed orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mno\u017een\u00ed orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, ale je mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u011bkolika zp\u016fsoby:<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Keikis:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Keikis jsou mal\u00e9 rostlinky, kter\u00e9 se tvo\u0159\u00ed na stonc\u00edch dosp\u011bl\u00fdch orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch.<\/li>\n<li>Pro mno\u017een\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm keikis vytvo\u0159te kolem d\u011btsk\u00e9ho stonku substr\u00e1t pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de, abyste vytvo\u0159ili kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d uvnit\u0159 p\u016fvodn\u00edho kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de s orchidej\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Po\u010dkejte, a\u017e keikis vyvine ko\u0159eny, pot\u00e9 jej od\u0159\u00edzn\u011bte od mate\u0159sk\u00e9 rostliny a zasa\u010fte do vlastn\u00edho mal\u00e9ho kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159esazov\u00e1n\u00ed orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch je nutn\u00e9, kdy\u017e se zako\u0159en\u00ed nebo kdy\u017e se substr\u00e1t pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de vy\u010derp\u00e1:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vyberte kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010d s dobr\u00fdmi odtokov\u00fdmi otvory, kter\u00fd je o n\u011bco v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ko\u0159enov\u00fd bal.<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017eijte \u010derstvou sm\u011bs pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de a opatrn\u011b vyjm\u011bte orchidej ze star\u00e9ho kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de.<\/li>\n<li>Prohl\u00e9dn\u011bte ko\u0159eny a odstra\u0148te v\u0161echny po\u0161kozen\u00e9 nebo nemocn\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>Um\u00edst\u011bte orchidej do nov\u00e9ho kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de a dopl\u0148te substr\u00e1tem pro kv\u011btin\u00e1\u010de.<\/li>\n<li>D\u016fkladn\u011b zalijte a nechte orchidej n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed odpo\u010dinout, ne\u017e obnov\u00edte pravidelnou p\u00e9\u010di.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u0161k\u016fdci a nemoci orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch<\/h2>\n\n<p>Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 jsou n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k n\u011bkolika b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm \u0161k\u016fdc\u016fm a chorob\u00e1m:<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160k\u016fdci:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vlnatka: Mal\u00fd, b\u00edl\u00fd, vatovit\u00fd hmyz, kter\u00fd lze odstranit vatov\u00fdm tamponem namo\u010den\u00fdm v isopropylalkoholu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nemoci:<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Botrytida kv\u011bt\u016f: Zp\u016fsobuje mal\u00e9 tmav\u00e9 skvrny nebo skvrny na kv\u011btech. Odstra\u0148te posti\u017een\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti a zlep\u0161ete cirkulaci vzduchu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kveten\u00ed orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch<\/h2>\n\n<p>Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 mohou produkovat kv\u011bty a\u017e po dobu t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f ro\u010dn\u011b. V\u011bt\u0161ina druh\u016f produkuje jednu nebo dv\u011b kv\u011btiny, ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 hybridy mohou produkovat i mnoho. Pro podporu kveten\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edvejte hnojivo s m\u00edrn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm obsahem fosforu p\u0159i p\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed obdob\u00ed kv\u011btu.<\/li>\n<li>Udr\u017eujte orchidej v \u00fapln\u00e9 tm\u011b v noci.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s orchidejemi st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdmi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k r\u016fzn\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm s orchidejemi st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdmi:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u017dloutnut\u00ed list\u016f s \u010dern\u00fdmi skvrnami: Zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 vystaven\u00edm chladu nebo velk\u00fdm v\u00fdkyv\u016fm teplot.<\/li>\n<li>Such\u00e9 nebo tmav\u00e9 \u0161pi\u010dky nebo okraje list\u016f: M\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o sp\u00e1len\u00ed sluncem. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee orchidej p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 pouze rozpt\u00fdlen\u00e9, nep\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 sv\u011btlo.<\/li>\n<li>Zakrn\u011bl\u00fd r\u016fst nebo n\u00e1hl\u00e1 ztr\u00e1ta kv\u011bt\u016f: M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobeno pou\u017eit\u00edm studen\u00e9 vody. P\u0159i zal\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed v\u017edy pou\u017e\u00edvejte vla\u017enou nebo pokojovou teplotu vody.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cast\u00e9 dotazy<\/h2>\n\n<p><strong>Ot\u00e1zka: Jsou orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 na p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/strong>\nOdpov\u011b\u010f: Ano, orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt, zejm\u00e9na pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky, n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed. Vy\u017eaduj\u00ed specifick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky prost\u0159ed\u00ed a specializovanou p\u00e9\u010di.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Ot\u00e1zka: Mohu vykopat orchidej st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovitou, kter\u00e1 roste na m\u00e9m pozemku?<\/strong>\nOdpov\u011b\u010f: P\u0159ed vykop\u00e1n\u00edm orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 na sv\u00e9m pozemku se pod\u00edvejte na seznam ohro\u017een\u00fdch rostlin ve va\u0161em st\u00e1t\u011b. Nikdy neprov\u00e1d\u011bjte divokou sklize\u0148 jedin\u00e9 rostliny; vezm\u011bte si pouze to, co pot\u0159ebujete, z kolonie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9 (Cypripedium): Komplexn\u00ed pr\u016fvodce kultivac\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed Charakteristika orchidej\u00ed st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00fdch Orchideje st\u0159ev\u00ed\u010dn\u00edkovit\u00e9, pat\u0159\u00edc\u00ed do rodu Cypripedium, jsou podmaniv\u00e9 rostliny zn\u00e1m\u00e9 pro sv\u00e9 jedine\u010dn\u00e9 kv\u011bty ve tvaru vaku. Jsou to&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1823],"tags":[15118,10148,15115,11140,15116,15119,15117,15114],"class_list":["post-11135","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-botany","tag-orchid-blooming","tag-plant-propagation","tag-cypripedium","tag-orchid-care","tag-orchid-repotting","tag-orchid-problems","tag-orchid-pests-and-diseases","tag-lady-slipper-orchids"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11135"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11136,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11135\/revisions\/11136"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11135"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11135"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}