Po v\u00edce ne\u017e stolet\u00ed v\u011bdci a spisovatel\u00e9 sci-fi sn\u00ed o kosmick\u00e9m v\u00fdtahu, kter\u00fd by p\u0159epravoval astronauty a n\u00e1klad mezi Zem\u00ed a n\u00edzkou ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hou. Koncept poprv\u00e9 p\u0159edstaven\u00fd rusk\u00fdm v\u011bdcem Konstantinem Ciolkovsk\u00fdm v roce 1895 z\u016fstal kv\u016fli technologick\u00fdm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m neuchopiteln\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n
Nyn\u00ed v\u011bdci na japonsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b \u0160izuoka d\u011blaj\u00ed mal\u00fd krok k uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00ed tohoto snu. P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed t\u00fdden vypust\u00ed na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu dv\u011b mal\u00e9 krychlov\u00e9 dru\u017eice na palub\u011b rakety H-2B sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed k Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 stanici. Dru\u017eice budou spojeny 33 stop dlouh\u00fdm ocelov\u00fdm kabelem a men\u0161\u00ed motorizovan\u00e1 kostka bude fungovat jako kabina v\u00fdtahu a bude se pohybovat po kabelu mezi nimi. V\u011bdci budou sledovat v\u00fdkonnost syst\u00e9mu na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze, co\u017e bude znamenat prvn\u00ed experiment v\u016fbec, kter\u00fd otestuje pohyb v\u00fdtahu ve vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n\n
Postavit funk\u010dn\u00ed kosmick\u00fd v\u00fdtah p\u0159edstavuje zna\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy. Kabel mus\u00ed b\u00fdt dostate\u010dn\u011b pevn\u00fd, aby odolal tlaku gravitace a v\u011btru ve svrchn\u00edch vrstv\u00e1ch atmosf\u00e9ry. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd zn\u00e1m\u00fd materi\u00e1l tento po\u017eadavek nespl\u0148uje, v\u010detn\u011b uhl\u00edkov\u00fdch nanotrubi\u010dek, nejpevn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd jsme dosud vyvinuli.<\/p>\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzvou je v\u00fdvoj elektromagnetick\u00fdch vozidel, kter\u00e1 by se pohybovala po kabelu. Tato vozidla mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopna fungovat v nulov\u00e9 gravitaci a orientovat se v d\u00e9lce kabelu. V\u011bdci tak\u00e9 zkoumaj\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed protiz\u00e1va\u017e\u00ed, jako je mal\u00e1 planetka, ke kter\u00e9 by byl kabel p\u0159ipevn\u011bn.<\/p>\n\n
Navzdory t\u011bmto v\u00fdzv\u00e1m z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 Japonsko oddan\u00e9 konceptu kosmick\u00e9ho v\u00fdtahu. Spole\u010dnost Obayashi Corporation, kter\u00e1 postavila nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u011b\u017e v Japonsku, navrhla koncept kosmick\u00e9ho v\u00fdtahu, kter\u00fd by vyu\u017e\u00edval uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 nanotrubice nebo dosud nevyvinut\u00fd materi\u00e1l. N\u00e1vrh zahrnuje \u0161est ov\u00e1ln\u00fdch kabin v\u00fdtahu, kter\u00e9 by se pohybovaly mezi plo\u0161inou v mo\u0159i a vesm\u00edrnou stanic\u00ed ob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed kolem Zem\u011b. Cesta by trvala p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b osm dn\u00ed a vy\u017eadovala by t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 60 000 mil kabelu. Odhadovan\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na projekt jsou okolo 90 miliard dolar\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Kosmick\u00fd v\u00fdtah by znamenal revoluci v cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru. Poskytl by mnohem levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob dopravy lid\u00ed a n\u00e1kladu na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu a otev\u0159el by tak nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pro pr\u016fzkum vesm\u00edru a komer\u010dn\u00ed podniky. Technologie by mohla m\u00edt uplatn\u011bn\u00ed tak\u00e9 v oblastech jako je \u00fadr\u017eba satelit\u016f a t\u011b\u017eba asteroid\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
A\u010dkoli jsou technologick\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy zna\u010dn\u00e9, v\u011bdci z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed ohledn\u011b budoucnosti kosmick\u00fdch v\u00fdtah\u016f optimisti\u010dt\u00ed. Yoji Inshikawa, vedouc\u00ed t\u00fdmu z univerzity \u0160izuoka, v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee \u201eteoreticky je kosmick\u00fd v\u00fdtah velmi provediteln\u00fd\u201c. P\u0159edstavuje si budoucnost, ve kter\u00e9 bude cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, a to d\u00edky vzniku kosmick\u00fdch v\u00fdtah\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Krom\u011b technologick\u00fdch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek je t\u0159eba \u0159e\u0161it i praktick\u00e9 \u00favahy. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, jak bychom vytiskli zna\u010dku \u201eMimo provoz\u201c dostate\u010dn\u011b velkou, aby byla viditeln\u00e1 z vesm\u00edru? Tato humorn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu kreativn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro jedine\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy, kter\u00e9 kosmick\u00e9 v\u00fdtahy p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kosmick\u00fd v\u00fdtah: Japonsko ud\u011bl\u00e1 mal\u00fd prvn\u00ed krok Pozad\u00ed Po v\u00edce ne\u017e stolet\u00ed v\u011bdci a spisovatel\u00e9 sci-fi sn\u00ed o kosmick\u00e9m v\u00fdtahu, kter\u00fd by p\u0159epravoval astronauty a n\u00e1klad mezi Zem\u00ed a n\u00edzkou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[476],"tags":[37,15234,434,497],"class_list":["post-11250","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-space-science","tag-innovation","tag-space-elevator","tag-space-exploration","tag-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11250","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11250"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11250\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11251,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11250\/revisions\/11251"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11250"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11250"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11250"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}