V roce 1989 se na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu v Pekingu shrom\u00e1\u017edily tis\u00edce lid\u00ed, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b student\u016f, aby protestovaly proti autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 vl\u00e1d\u011b \u010c\u00edny a po\u017eadovaly demokratick\u00e9 reformy. Protesty vyvolala smrt Chu Jao-panga, popul\u00e1rn\u00edho reformn\u00edho v\u016fdce.<\/p>\n\n
Vl\u00e1da odpov\u011bd\u011bla na protesty brut\u00e1ln\u00edm z\u00e1krokem. Dne 4. \u010dervna 1989 vjely na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed tanky a voj\u00e1ci a zah\u00e1jili palbu do demonstrant\u016f. Stovky, mo\u017en\u00e1 tis\u00edce lid\u00ed byly zabity.<\/p>\n\n
Miao Te-\u0161un byl jedn\u00edm z mnoha demonstrant\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli zat\u010deni v d\u016fsledku masakru na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu. Byl obvin\u011bn ze \u017eh\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed za to, \u017ee hodil ko\u0161 do ho\u0159\u00edc\u00edho tanku. Byl odsouzen k smrti, ale jeho trest byl pozd\u011bji sn\u00ed\u017een na do\u017eivot\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Te-\u0161un str\u00e1vil 27 let ve v\u011bzen\u00ed, kde byl mu\u010den a nebylo mu umo\u017en\u011bno p\u0159ij\u00edmat n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy od sv\u00e9 rodiny. Byl propu\u0161t\u011bn v roce 2016 a trp\u011bl hepatitidou B a du\u0161evn\u00ed chorobou.<\/p>\n\n
Masakr na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu byl mezn\u00edkem v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 historii. Vedl k potla\u010den\u00ed disentu a k potla\u010den\u00ed svobody projevu a shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed. Vl\u00e1da rovn\u011b\u017e zavedla politiku hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 liberalizace, kter\u00e1 vedla k rychl\u00e9mu hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu r\u016fstu, ale tak\u00e9 ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 nerovnosti a korupci.<\/p>\n\n
Masakr na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v \u010c\u00edn\u011b tabuizovan\u00fdm t\u00e9matem. Vl\u00e1da cenzuruje ka\u017edou zm\u00ednku o n\u011bm v m\u00e9di\u00edch a u\u010debnic\u00edch. Vzpom\u00ednka na masakr v\u0161ak \u017eije d\u00e1l, jak v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, tak ve sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Miao Te-\u0161una je p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed disentu \u010d\u00ednskou vl\u00e1dou. Je to tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednka d\u016fle\u017eitosti boje za svobodu a demokracii, a to i tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 protivenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Krom\u011b Miao Te-\u0161una bylo v d\u016fsledku masakru na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu zat\u010deno a uv\u011bzn\u011bno mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch demonstrant\u016f. Mnoz\u00ed z nich byli mu\u010deni a byl jim odep\u0159en spravedliv\u00fd proces. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed byli popraveni, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed zem\u0159eli ve v\u011bzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da nikdy pln\u011b nevysv\u011btlila po\u010det lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed byli b\u011bhem z\u00e1sahu na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu zabiti nebo uv\u011bzn\u011bni. Skupiny pro lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va v\u0161ak odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee tento po\u010det se pohybuje v \u0159\u00e1du tis\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
V letech n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch po masakru na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da provedla \u0159adu hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch reforem, kter\u00e9 vedly k rychl\u00e9mu hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu r\u016fstu. Tyto reformy zahrnovaly privatizaci st\u00e1tn\u00edch podnik\u016f, otev\u0159en\u00ed zem\u011b zahrani\u010dn\u00edm investic\u00edm a zaveden\u00ed tr\u017en\u00ed ekonomiky.<\/p>\n\n
Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 reformy vyvedly miliony lid\u00ed z chudoby a vytvo\u0159ily novou st\u0159edn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu. Vedly v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 nerovnosti a korupci.<\/p>\n\n
\u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da byla v\u017edy citliv\u00e1 na ka\u017edou zm\u00ednku o masakru na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu. Masakr nen\u00ed zm\u00edn\u011bn v \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdch u\u010debnic\u00edch a ka\u017ed\u00e1 zm\u00ednka o n\u011bm v m\u00e9di\u00edch je rychle cenzurov\u00e1na.<\/p>\n\n
Cenzura n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu ze strany vl\u00e1dy je p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou jej\u00edho pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edho potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed disentu. Je to tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00ednka d\u016fle\u017eitosti boje za svobodu projevu a shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Vzpom\u00ednka na masakr na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu \u017eije d\u00e1l, jak v \u010c\u00edn\u011b, tak ve sv\u011bt\u011b. Masakr je p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou nebezpe\u010d\u00ed autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy a d\u016fle\u017eitosti boje za svobodu a demokracii.<\/p>\n\n
Propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Miao Te-\u0161una je mal\u00fdm krokem ke sm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed. \u010c\u00ednsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da v\u0161ak mus\u00ed ud\u011blat v\u00edce, aby se zodpov\u00eddala za masakr na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu a zajistila, \u017ee se takov\u00e1 trag\u00e9die u\u017e nikdy neopakuje.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu: Propu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed posledn\u00edho v\u011bzn\u011b Protesty na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu V roce 1989 se na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Nebesk\u00e9ho klidu v Pekingu shrom\u00e1\u017edily tis\u00edce lid\u00ed, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b student\u016f, aby protestovaly proti autorit\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[767],"tags":[11,3277,15378,515,69,15377,15376,15379],"class_list":["post-11358","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history","tag-censorship","tag-china","tag-chinese-government","tag-democracy","tag-human-rights","tag-miao-deshun","tag-tiananmen-square","tag-freedom-of-speech"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11358","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11358"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11358\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11359,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11358\/revisions\/11359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11358"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11358"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11358"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}