{"id":11375,"date":"2024-09-07T17:46:57","date_gmt":"2024-09-07T17:46:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11375"},"modified":"2024-09-07T17:46:57","modified_gmt":"2024-09-07T17:46:57","slug":"pluto-planet-status-reassessment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/astronomy-and-astrophysics\/pluto-planet-status-reassessment\/","title":{"rendered":"Plut\u016fv status planety: p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plutova podoba planety: p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed ## Objev p\u00e1t\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce znovu otev\u00edr\u00e1 debatu Objev p\u00e1t\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce ob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho kolem Pluta znovu rozdm\u00fdchal debatu o tom, zda by toto ledov\u00e9 t\u011bleso m\u011blo b\u00fdt reklasifikov\u00e1no jako planeta. Pluto bylo v roce 2006 Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed astronomickou uni\u00ed (IAU) za\u0159azeno do kategorie trpasli\u010d\u00edch planet, n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci se v\u0161ak domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee tento nov\u00fd objev oprav\u0148uje k p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed. ## Definice planety podle IAU Podle IAU mus\u00ed planeta spl\u0148ovat t\u0159i krit\u00e9ria: 1. Mus\u00ed ob\u00edhat kolem Slunce. 2. Mus\u00ed m\u00edt dostate\u010dnou hmotnost, aby dos\u00e1hlo tvaru hydrostatick\u00e9 rovnov\u00e1hy (t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kulat\u00e9ho). 3. Mus\u00ed vy\u010distit svou ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu od dal\u0161\u00edch objekt\u016f. Pluto spl\u0148uje prvn\u00ed dv\u011b krit\u00e9ria, ale nespl\u0148uje t\u0159et\u00ed. Jeho ob\u011b\u017en\u00e1 dr\u00e1ha se prot\u00edn\u00e1 s ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hou Neptunu a nevy\u010distilo si cestu od dal\u0161\u00edch objekt\u016f. To vedlo IAU k tomu, \u017ee Pluto klasifikovala jako trpasli\u010d\u00ed planetu, kategorii objekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e9 na to, aby se naz\u00fdvaly asteroidy, ale nespl\u0148uj\u00ed v\u0161echna krit\u00e9ria pro planety. ## Argumenty pro reklasifikaci N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee definice planety podle IAU je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fazk\u00e1 a \u017ee by Pluto m\u011blo b\u00fdt reklasifikov\u00e1no jako planeta, proto\u017ee m\u00e1 p\u011bt m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. M\u011bs\u00edce jsou \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za znak planet\u00e1rn\u00edho statusu, proto\u017ee nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee objekt m\u00e1 dostate\u010dnou gravitaci, aby p\u0159itahoval a udr\u017eoval na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze jin\u00e1 nebesk\u00e1 t\u011blesa. IAU v\u0161ak uvedla, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edtomnost nebo nep\u0159\u00edtomnost m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f nen\u00ed p\u0159i ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed, zda je objekt planetou, ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm faktorem. D\u016fraz je kladen na orbit\u00e1ln\u00ed charakteristiky objektu a jeho schopnost vy\u010distit svou ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu. ## Implikace pro misi New Horizons Objev p\u00e1t\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce, zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako P5, m\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro kosmickou lo\u010f New Horizons, kter\u00e1 se m\u00e1 s Plutem setkat v \u010dervenci 2015. Kosmick\u00e1 lo\u010f bude muset prol\u00e9tnout polem trosek obklopuj\u00edc\u00edch Pluto a p\u0159\u00edtomnost dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f by mohla p\u0159edstavovat nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. ## Pojmenov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f N\u00e1zvy p\u00e1t\u00e9ho a \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce Pluta je\u0161t\u011b nebyly ur\u010deny, ale pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b budou n\u00e1sledovat t\u00e9ma H\u00e1des\/podsv\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo pou\u017eito pro jin\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce Pluta, Charona, Hydru a Nix. ## Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed debata Debata o statusu Pluta jako planety bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pokra\u010dovat je\u0161t\u011b n\u011bjakou dobu. Objev p\u00e1t\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce p\u0159ilil olej do ohn\u011b, ale IAU nepl\u00e1nuje tuto ot\u00e1zku v dohledn\u00e9 dob\u011b znovu otev\u0159\u00edt. Zat\u00edm z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 Pluto trpasli\u010d\u00ed planetou, ale mo\u017enost budouc\u00ed reklasifikace nelze vylou\u010dit.<\/h2>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Plutova podoba planety: p\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed ## Objev p\u00e1t\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce znovu otev\u00edr\u00e1 debatu Objev p\u00e1t\u00e9ho m\u011bs\u00edce ob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho kolem Pluta znovu rozdm\u00fdchal debatu o tom, zda by toto ledov\u00e9 t\u011bleso m\u011blo b\u00fdt reklasifikov\u00e1no&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1836],"tags":[435,4347,1304,434,1173,5945],"class_list":["post-11375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomy-and-astrophysics","tag-astronomy","tag-moons","tag-pluto","tag-space-exploration","tag-solar-system","tag-dwarf-planet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11375","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11375"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11375\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24269,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11375\/revisions\/24269"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11375"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}