{"id":11379,"date":"2021-03-19T15:49:15","date_gmt":"2021-03-19T15:49:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11379"},"modified":"2021-03-19T15:49:15","modified_gmt":"2021-03-19T15:49:15","slug":"the-invention-of-the-pop-top-a-story-of-ingenuity-and-innovation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/technology\/the-invention-of-the-pop-top-a-story-of-ingenuity-and-innovation\/","title":{"rendered":"Zrozen\u00ed otv\u00edr\u00e1ku na plechovky: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh americk\u00e9 ikony"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vyn\u00e1lez otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed plechovek: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh d\u016fvtipu a inovace<\/h2>\n\n

Zrozen\u00ed americk\u00e9 ikony<\/h2>\n\n

Charakteristick\u00fd zvuk otev\u00edran\u00e9 plechovky je synonymem letn\u00edch setk\u00e1n\u00ed a nenucen\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy. Tento zd\u00e1nliv\u011b jednoduch\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez m\u00e1 bohatou historii a zp\u016fsobil revoluci ve zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm konzumujeme n\u00e1poje.<\/p>\n\n

Otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed plechovek, obecn\u00fd pojem pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 otev\u00edrac\u00ed jaz\u00fd\u010dky, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e desetilet\u00ed zdob\u00ed plechovky, je jednozna\u010dn\u011b americk\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez. Jeho vyn\u00e1lezce, Ermal “Ernie” C. Fraze, byl vyn\u00e1lezce z Daytonu ve st\u00e1t\u011b Ohio, kter\u00fd byl frustrov\u00e1n na pikniku v roce 1959, kdy\u017e si nemohl otev\u0159\u00edt pivo bez otv\u00edr\u00e1ku.<\/p>\n\n

Odhodlan\u00fd naj\u00edt lep\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, za\u010dal Fraze experimentovat s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi n\u00e1vrhy. Inspirov\u00e1n n\u00fdtem vyvinul jaz\u00fd\u010dek, kter\u00fd po nadzvednut\u00ed prolomil p\u0159edem na\u0159\u00edznut\u00fd kovov\u00fd otvor na okraji plechovky. Tento design, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako zip-top, byl odtrh\u00e1vac\u00ed jaz\u00fd\u010dek, kter\u00fd se po pou\u017eit\u00ed vyhodil.<\/p>\n\n

Vzestup zip-topu<\/h2>\n\n

Fraze prodal sv\u016fj zip-top design spole\u010dnosti Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa), kter\u00e1 jej p\u0159ipevnila na plechovky Iron City Beer. Otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed plechovek si rychle z\u00edskalo popularitu a zv\u00fd\u0161ilo prodej piva Iron City Beer o ohromuj\u00edc\u00edch 400 %. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku 70. let byl zip-top sv\u011btovou jedni\u010dkou.<\/p>\n\n

Zip-top v\u0161ak m\u011bl sv\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody. Ostr\u00e9, uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 jaz\u00fd\u010dky zne\u010di\u0161\u0165ovaly ulice a pl\u00e1\u017ee a objevily se zpr\u00e1vy o lidech, kte\u0159\u00ed je spolkli nebo se o n\u011b po\u0159ezali.<\/p>\n\n

Popt\u00e1vka po bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm jaz\u00fd\u010dku<\/h2>\n\n

Aby se vy\u0159e\u0161ily tyto probl\u00e9my, p\u0159edstavila spole\u010dnost Coors v polovin\u011b 70. let plechovku s kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdm tla\u010d\u00edtkov\u00fdm otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm. Toto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159inutilo pij\u00e1ky strkat kone\u010dky prst\u016f p\u0159es ostr\u00e9 kovov\u00e9 otvory, co\u017e m\u011blo za n\u00e1sledek krvav\u00e9 pivo a \u010detn\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Vyn\u00e1lez Stay-On-Tab<\/h2>\n\n

V roce 1976 si Daniel F. Cudzik ze spole\u010dnosti Reynolds Metal Co. kone\u010dn\u011b nechal patentovat “Stay-On-Tab”, zatla\u010diteln\u00fd a skl\u00e1dac\u00ed jaz\u00fd\u010dek, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 dodnes. Tento design odstranil probl\u00e9m s odpadem a riziko spolknut\u00ed a po\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

D\u011bdictv\u00ed Ermala Fraze<\/h2>\n\n

A\u010dkoli Cudzik\u016fv Stay-On-Tab nakonec na trhu zv\u00edt\u011bzil, Fraze z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 otcem otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed plechovek. Jeho vyn\u00e1lez zm\u011bnil sv\u011bt a a\u017e do sv\u00e9 smrti v roce 1989 byl v\u00fdkonn\u00fdm \u0159editelem spole\u010dnosti Dayton Reliable Tool. Jeho spole\u010dnost dnes pokra\u010duje v inovac\u00edch v oblasti balen\u00ed kov\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed dopad otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed plechovek<\/h2>\n\n

Otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed plechovek se stalo celosv\u011btov\u00fdm fenom\u00e9nem, kdy se ka\u017ed\u00fd rok po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b otev\u0159ou miliardy plechovek. Jeho charakteristick\u00fd zvuk je p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou d\u016fvtipu a inovace, kter\u00e9 formovaly n\u00e1\u0161 modern\u00ed sv\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n

Kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed plechovek<\/h2>\n\n

Zvuk otev\u00edran\u00e9 plechovky se stal kulturn\u00ed ikonou spojenou s letn\u00edmi setk\u00e1n\u00edmi, grilov\u00e1n\u00edm na zahrad\u011b a bezstarostn\u00fdmi chv\u00edlemi. Je to p\u0159ipom\u00ednka jednoduch\u00fdch radost\u00ed \u017eivota a trval\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed americk\u00fdch vyn\u00e1lez\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vyn\u00e1lez otev\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed plechovek: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh d\u016fvtipu a inovace Zrozen\u00ed americk\u00e9 ikony Charakteristick\u00fd zvuk otev\u00edran\u00e9 plechovky je synonymem letn\u00edch setk\u00e1n\u00ed a nenucen\u00e9 z\u00e1bavy. Tento zd\u00e1nliv\u011b jednoduch\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez m\u00e1 bohatou historii a zp\u016fsobil…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[999],"tags":[15404,15403,37,15405,15406,4544],"class_list":["post-11379","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology","tag-can","tag-beverage-history","tag-innovation","tag-pop-top","tag-tab","tag-invention"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11379","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11379"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11379\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11380,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11379\/revisions\/11380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11379"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11379"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11379"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}