{"id":11383,"date":"2024-09-21T03:53:44","date_gmt":"2024-09-21T03:53:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11383"},"modified":"2024-09-21T03:53:44","modified_gmt":"2024-09-21T03:53:44","slug":"plants-in-uk-flowering-earlier-due-to-climate-change","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/climate-science\/plants-in-uk-flowering-earlier-due-to-climate-change\/","title":{"rendered":"Rostliny ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii kvetou d\u0159\u00edve kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rostliny ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii kvetou d\u0159\u00edve kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rostliny ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed kvetou v pr\u016fm\u011bru o 26 dn\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e p\u0159ed rokem 1987 kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu.<\/li>\n<li>D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data kveten\u00ed by mohla naru\u0161it vztahy mezi voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi \u017eivo\u010dichy a zp\u016fsobit zhroucen\u00ed druh\u016f, pokud se nebudou schopny dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle p\u0159izp\u016fsobit.<\/li>\n<li>Nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed posun v datu prvn\u00edho kveten\u00ed zaznamenaly byliny, a to o 32 dn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Lokality na jihu Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed vykvetly o \u0161est dn\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e lokality na severu.<\/li>\n<li>M\u011bstsk\u00e9 oblasti Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed vykvetly o p\u011bt dn\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e venkovsk\u00e9 oblasti.<\/li>\n<li>Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed vykvetly o jeden den d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zm\u011bna klimatu a kveten\u00ed rostlin<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zm\u011bna klimatu zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee rostliny ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed kvetou d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e je obvykl\u00e9. Nov\u00e1 studie zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 v Proceedings of the Royal Society B zji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 datum prvn\u00edho kveten\u00ed posunulo z 12. kv\u011btna p\u0159ed rokem 1987 na 16. dubna v letech 1987 a\u017e 2019. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee rostliny nyn\u00ed kvetou t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 o m\u011bs\u00edc d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika des\u00edtkami let.<\/p>\n\n<p>Studie zkoumala v\u00edce ne\u017e 400 000 z\u00e1znam\u016f z Nature&#8217;s Calendar, datab\u00e1ze ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u011bdy s pozorov\u00e1n\u00edmi sahaj\u00edc\u00edmi a\u017e do roku 1736. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se zam\u011b\u0159ili na data prvn\u00edho kveten\u00ed u 406 druh\u016f kvetouc\u00edch rostlin a porovnali je s m\u011b\u0159en\u00edmi teploty. Zjistili, \u017ee d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data kveten\u00ed siln\u011b koreluj\u00ed se stoupaj\u00edc\u00edmi teplotami.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ekologick\u00e1 rizika d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kveten\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed data kveten\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed \u0159adu ekologick\u00fdch rizik. Jedn\u00edm z rizik je, \u017ee pozdn\u00ed mrazy mohou zab\u00edt \u010dasn\u00e9 kv\u011bty. Dal\u0161\u00edm rizikem je ekologick\u00e1 neshoda, ke kter\u00e9 doch\u00e1z\u00ed, kdy\u017e je vztah mezi voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi \u017eivo\u010dichy naru\u0161en zm\u011bnami v na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed ud\u00e1lost\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu, jako je rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo migrace.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud ur\u010dit\u00e1 rostlina vykvete d\u0159\u00edve, m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159il\u00e1kat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed druh hmyzu, kter\u00fd zase p\u0159il\u00e1k\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed druh pt\u00e1ka. Pokud v\u0161ak hn\u00edzdn\u00ed cyklus pt\u00e1ka je\u0161t\u011b neza\u010dal, pt\u00e1k nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopen vyu\u017e\u00edt \u010dasn\u00e9ho zdroje potravy. To by mohlo v\u00e9st k poklesu populace pt\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fd\u0161ka rostliny a doba kveten\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Studie tak\u00e9 zjistila, \u017ee v\u00fd\u0161ka rostliny hraje roli v dob\u011b kveten\u00ed. Byliny, co\u017e jsou kr\u00e1tkov\u011bk\u00e9 rostliny s rychlej\u0161\u00edmi obratov\u00fdmi rychlostmi, zaznamenaly nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed posun v datu prvn\u00edho kveten\u00ed. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee byliny mohou b\u00fdt schopn\u00e9 adaptivn\u011bji se vyv\u00edjet ne\u017e jin\u00e9 typy rostlin.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed a doba kveten\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Studie se tak\u00e9 zab\u00fdvala vztahem mezi um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm rostliny a dobou kveten\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zjistili, \u017ee lokality na jihu Spojen\u00e9ho kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed vykvetly o \u0161est dn\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e lokality na severu. M\u011bstsk\u00e9 oblasti vykvetly o p\u011bt dn\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e venkovsk\u00e9 oblasti. A ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky vykvetly o jeden den d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dopad na zahradn\u00ed rostliny<\/h2>\n\n<p>Studie se zam\u011b\u0159ila na p\u016fvodn\u00ed rostliny ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed, tak\u017ee zat\u00edm nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9, jak\u00fd bude \u00fapln\u00fd dopad d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kveten\u00ed na zahradn\u00ed rostliny. Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 zahradnick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost (RHS) v\u0161ak zaznamenala \u010dasn\u00e9 kveten\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n<p>&#8220;O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me podobn\u00fd vzorec [d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kveten\u00ed] u zahradn\u00edch rostlin,&#8221; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 John David, vedouc\u00ed zahradnick\u00e9 taxonomie RHS. &#8220;A zaznamenali jsme toho n\u00e1znaky v na\u0161ich vlastn\u00edch zahrad\u00e1ch RHS, jako jsou doby kveten\u00ed jablek v na\u0161em sadu v RHS Garden Wisley.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kveten\u00ed rostlin ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed je jasn\u00fdm znamen\u00edm zm\u011bny klimatu. Tato zm\u011bna p\u0159edstavuje \u0159adu ekologick\u00fdch rizik, v\u010detn\u011b naru\u0161en\u00ed vztah\u016f mezi voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi \u017eivo\u010dichy a \u00fapadku ur\u010dit\u00fdch druh\u016f. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 tento trend i nad\u00e1le sledovat a p\u0159ijmout opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed jeho dopad\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rostliny ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii kvetou d\u0159\u00edve kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed Rostliny ve Spojen\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed kvetou v pr\u016fm\u011bru o 26 dn\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve ne\u017e p\u0159ed rokem 1987 kv\u016fli zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu. D\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24404,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[284],"tags":[219,252,8903,15411,97,283,34],"class_list":["post-11383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate-science","tag-ecology","tag-nature","tag-plants","tag-uk","tag-science","tag-environment","tag-climate-change"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11383"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24405,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11383\/revisions\/24405"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}