{"id":11557,"date":"2026-04-17T05:46:34","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T05:46:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11557"},"modified":"2026-04-17T05:46:34","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T05:46:34","slug":"why-mosquitoes-bite-some-people-more-than-others","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/biology\/why-mosquitoes-bite-some-people-more-than-others\/","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d kom\u00e1\u0159i kousaj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 lidi \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e jin\u00e9 \u2013 hlavn\u00ed faktory a tipy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pro\u010d kom\u00e1\u0159i kousaj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 lidi v\u00edce ne\u017e jin\u00e9<\/h2>\n\n

Krevn\u00ed skupina<\/h2>\n\n

Kom\u00e1\u0159i jsou p\u0159itahov\u00e1ni k ur\u010dit\u00fdm krevn\u00edm skupin\u00e1m v\u00edce ne\u017e k jin\u00fdm. Ve studii p\u0159ist\u00e1lo na lidech s krevn\u00ed skupinou O t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dvakr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e na t\u011bch s krevn\u00ed skupinou A. Lid\u00e9 s krevn\u00ed skupinou B byli n\u011bkde uprost\u0159ed. Nav\u00edc asi 85\u202f% lid\u00ed vylu\u010duje chemick\u00fd sign\u00e1l p\u0159es k\u016f\u017ei, kter\u00fd nazna\u010duje jejich krevn\u00ed skupinu, a kom\u00e1\u0159i jsou k t\u011bmto \u201evylu\u010dovatel\u016fm\u201c p\u0159itahov\u00e1ni v\u00edce ne\u017e k ne\u2011vylu\u010dovatel\u016fm, bez ohledu na krevn\u00ed skupinu.<\/p>\n\n

Oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd<\/h2>\n\n

Kom\u00e1\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed sv\u00e1 maxil\u00e1rn\u00ed palpa k detekci oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho (CO\u2082) vydechovan\u00e9ho p\u0159i d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed a dok\u00e1\u017eou jej zachytit a\u017e z\u202fvzd\u00e1lenosti p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 50\u202fmetr\u016f. Proto lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed vydechuj\u00ed v\u00edce CO\u2082 \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed jedinci \u2013 p\u0159itahuj\u00ed v\u00edce kom\u00e1r\u016f. To je jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d jsou d\u011bti kous\u00e1ny m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto ne\u017e dosp\u011bl\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Cvi\u010den\u00ed a metabolismus<\/h2>\n\n

Intenzivn\u00ed fyzick\u00e1 aktivita zvy\u0161uje tvorbu kyseliny ml\u00e9\u010dn\u00e9 a t\u011blesn\u00e9ho tepla, co\u017e v\u00e1s \u010din\u00ed atraktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi pro kom\u00e1ry. Nav\u00edc genetick\u00e9 faktory ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed kyseliny mo\u010dov\u00e9 a dal\u0161\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00e1 osoba p\u0159irozen\u011b vylu\u010duje, tak\u017ee n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 jsou pro kom\u00e1ry sn\u00e1ze naleziteln\u00ed ne\u017e jin\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Ko\u017en\u00ed bakterie<\/h2>\n\n

Typ a mno\u017estv\u00ed bakteri\u00ed \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch na lidsk\u00e9 k\u016f\u017ei ovliv\u0148uje na\u0161i atraktivitu pro kom\u00e1ry. Vysok\u00e1 koncentrace ur\u010dit\u00fdch druh\u016f bakteri\u00ed \u010din\u00ed poko\u017eku p\u0159ita\u017eliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zat\u00edmco v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozmanitost bakteri\u00e1ln\u00edch druh\u016f ji \u010din\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b l\u00e1kavou. To m\u016f\u017ee vysv\u011btlovat, pro\u010d kom\u00e1\u0159i \u010dasto kousaj\u00ed kotn\u00edky a nohy, kde jsou bakterick\u00e9 kolonie robustn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Pivo<\/h2>\n\n

Vypit\u00ed jedn\u00e9 350\u202fml lahve piva m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it va\u0161i p\u0159ita\u017elivost pro kom\u00e1ry. V\u011bdci zat\u00edm nedok\u00e1zali ur\u010dit pro\u010d. Ani zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed ethanolu v potu, ani vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e1 teplota spojen\u00e1 s konzumac\u00ed piva nesouvis\u00ed s \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm kom\u00e1r\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

T\u011bhotenstv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

T\u011bhotn\u00e9 \u017eeny p\u0159itahuj\u00ed zhruba dvakr\u00e1t v\u00edce kom\u00e1r\u00edch kousnut\u00ed ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b je to kombinace vy\u0161\u0161\u00edho v\u00fddechu CO\u2082 (asi o\u202f21\u202f% v\u00edce) a pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b o\u202f0,7\u202f\u00b0C vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 teploty.<\/p>\n\n

Barva oble\u010den\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Kom\u00e1\u0159i vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zrak spolu se z\u00e1pachem k nalezen\u00ed lid\u00ed. No\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch barev, jako je \u010dern\u00e1, tmav\u011b modr\u00e1 nebo \u010derven\u00e1, v\u00e1s m\u016f\u017ee u\u010dinit snadn\u011bji zjistiteln\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n\n

Genetika<\/h2>\n\n

Podkladov\u00e9 genetick\u00e9 faktory jsou odhadov\u00e1ny na 85\u202f% variability mezi lidmi v jejich p\u0159ita\u017elivosti pro kom\u00e1ry. Tyto faktory se mohou projevovat skrze krevn\u00ed skupinu, metabolismus nebo jin\u00e9 charakteristiky. Bohu\u017eel zat\u00edm neexistuje zp\u016fsob, jak tyto geny modifikovat.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159irozen\u00e9 repelenty<\/h2>\n\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 p\u0159itahuj\u00ed kom\u00e1ry jen z\u0159\u00eddka a v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zkoumaj\u00ed d\u016fvody, aby vytvo\u0159ili novou generaci hmyz\u00edho repelentu. V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee tito \u201ep\u0159irozen\u00ed odpuzova\u010di\u201c \u010dasto vylu\u010duj\u00ed l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 kom\u00e1ry odpuzuj\u00ed. Za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto molekul do pokro\u010dil\u00fdch sprej\u016f by mohlo umo\u017enit komukoli \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b se chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed kom\u00e1ry.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pro\u010d kom\u00e1\u0159i kousaj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 lidi v\u00edce ne\u017e jin\u00e9 Krevn\u00ed skupina Kom\u00e1\u0159i jsou p\u0159itahov\u00e1ni k ur\u010dit\u00fdm krevn\u00edm skupin\u00e1m v\u00edce ne\u017e k jin\u00fdm. Ve studii p\u0159ist\u00e1lo na lidech s krevn\u00ed skupinou O…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25393,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[288],"tags":[15629,3617,188,4824,294,15632,15630,15631],"class_list":["post-11557","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biology","tag-blood-type","tag-exercise","tag-genetics","tag-mosquitoes","tag-metabolism","tag-natural-repellants","tag-skin-bacteria","tag-pregnancy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11557","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11557"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11557\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25394,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11557\/revisions\/25394"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}