{"id":11579,"date":"2021-06-19T09:52:41","date_gmt":"2021-06-19T09:52:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11579"},"modified":"2021-06-19T09:52:41","modified_gmt":"2021-06-19T09:52:41","slug":"lone-narwhal-beluga-pod-narluga-hybrids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/lone-narwhal-beluga-pod-narluga-hybrids\/","title":{"rendered":"Osam\u011bl\u00fd narval adoptov\u00e1n skupinou b\u011bluh \u2013 nad\u011bje na hybridn\u00ed potomstvo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Osam\u011bl\u00fd narval prosp\u00edv\u00e1 ve skupin\u011b b\u011bluh, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 nad\u011bji na hybridn\u00ed potomstvo<\/h2>\n\n

Pozad\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Od roku 2016 sleduj\u00ed v\u011bdci pozoruhodn\u00fd jev v kanadsk\u00e9 \u0159ece svat\u00e9ho Vav\u0159ince: osam\u011bl\u00e9ho samce narvala adoptovala skupina b\u011bluh. To vyvolalo mo\u017enost existence hybridn\u00edho zv\u00ed\u0159ete zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho jako \u201enarluga\u201c, potomka narvala a b\u011bluhy.<\/p>\n\n

Narvalova integrace do skupiny b\u011bluh<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 12let\u00fd narval se pln\u011b integroval do skupiny b\u011bluh. Vykazuje podobn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed jako jeho spole\u010dn\u00edci b\u011bluhy, v\u010detn\u011b spole\u010densk\u00fdch her a sexu\u00e1ln\u00edch interakc\u00ed. Tato \u00fazk\u00e1 vazba vedla v\u011bdce k p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee se narval mohl ke skupin\u011b p\u0159ipojit kv\u016fli ochran\u011b nebo spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n

Potenci\u00e1l pro rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Narvalov\u00e9 a b\u011bluhy jsou oba \u010dleny \u010deled\u011b kytovc\u016f Monodontidae. Ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b v\u0161ak z\u0159\u00eddka spolu interaguj\u00ed. Narvalova bl\u00edzkost k b\u011bluh\u00e1m a pozorovan\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed interakce vyvolaly mo\u017enost rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdzvy spojen\u00e9 s rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm narlug<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee hybridizace mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi druhy nen\u00ed neobvykl\u00e1, plodnost hybridn\u00edho potomstva se m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it. N\u011bkter\u00e9 hybridn\u00ed druhy, jako jsou mezci, jsou steriln\u00ed, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9, jako jsou ligre (k\u0159\u00ed\u017eenec lva a tygra), jsou plodn\u00e9. Reproduk\u010dn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l narlug z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nezn\u00e1m\u00fd, i kdy\u017e v\u011bdci doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee siln\u00e9 pouto mezi narvalem a b\u011bluhami m\u016f\u017ee usnadnit \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 p\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Hybrid narluga prvn\u00ed generace<\/h2>\n\n

V roce 2019 potvrdila anal\u00fdza DNA lebky nalezen\u00e9 na Gr\u00f3nsku existenci hybridu narlugy prvn\u00ed generace. Lebka vykazovala vlastnosti b\u011bluh i narval\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b miniaturn\u00edch kl\u016f a \u0161roubovit\u00fdch zub\u016f. Tento objev dokazuje, \u017ee hybridizace narlug je mo\u017en\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Vliv zm\u011bny klimatu<\/h2>\n\n

Zm\u011bna klimatu m\u011bn\u00ed arktick\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b, co\u017e potenci\u00e1ln\u011b vede ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm interakc\u00edm mezi b\u011bluhami a narvaly. To by mohlo vytvo\u0159it v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed pro hybridizaci mezi t\u011bmito dv\u011bma druhy.<\/p>\n\n

Dlouhodob\u00e9 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci netrp\u011bliv\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed n\u00e1vrat skupiny do \u0159eky svat\u00e9ho Vav\u0159ince koncem b\u0159ezna, aby mohli pokra\u010dovat ve sv\u00e9m pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed. C\u00edlem je studovat komunikaci mezi narvalem a b\u011bluhami a sledovat celkovou pohodu narvala.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdhled<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edtomnost osam\u011bl\u00e9ho narvala ve skupin\u011b b\u011bluh poskytla v\u011bdc\u016fm jedine\u010dnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost ke studiu hybridizace a jej\u00edch potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f pro arktick\u00fd mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot. P\u0159esto\u017ee reproduk\u010dn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch narvala z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nezn\u00e1m\u00fd, \u00fazk\u00e9 pouto mezi zv\u00ed\u0159aty a pozorovan\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee ml\u00e1\u010fata narlug mohou b\u00fdt v budoucnu mo\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Osam\u011bl\u00fd narval prosp\u00edv\u00e1 ve skupin\u011b b\u011bluh, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 nad\u011bji na hybridn\u00ed potomstvo Pozad\u00ed Od roku 2016 sleduj\u00ed v\u011bdci pozoruhodn\u00fd jev v kanadsk\u00e9 \u0159ece svat\u00e9ho Vav\u0159ince: osam\u011bl\u00e9ho samce narvala adoptovala skupina…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[1354,15656,12325,265,15655],"class_list":["post-11579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-arctic","tag-beluga","tag-hybrid","tag-marine-life","tag-narwhal"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11579"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11579\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11580,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11579\/revisions\/11580"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}