{"id":11698,"date":"2019-04-18T22:01:58","date_gmt":"2019-04-18T22:01:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11698"},"modified":"2019-04-18T22:01:58","modified_gmt":"2019-04-18T22:01:58","slug":"malta-megalithic-marvels-rising-from-the-sea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/archaeology\/malta-megalithic-marvels-rising-from-the-sea\/","title":{"rendered":"Megalitick\u00e9 divy Malty: Tajemstv\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00fdch stavitel\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Megalitick\u00e9 divy Malty: Vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed z mo\u0159e<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prastar\u00e9 architektonick\u00e9 divy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Uprost\u0159ed azurov\u00fdch vod St\u0159edozemn\u00edho mo\u0159e ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 mal\u00fd ostrovn\u00ed n\u00e1rod Malta okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed: soubor kolos\u00e1ln\u00edch megalitick\u00fdch staveb, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed jako d\u016fkaz d\u016fvtipu a \u0159emesln\u00e9 zru\u010dnosti starov\u011bk\u00e9 civilizace. Tyto megalitick\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky, ty\u010d\u00edc\u00ed se kamenn\u00e9 monumenty, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed nejstar\u0161\u00ed voln\u011b stoj\u00edc\u00ed kamenn\u00e9 struktury na sv\u011bt\u011b a p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00ed dokonce i ikonick\u00e9mu Stonehenge a egyptsk\u00fdm pyramid\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cesta do minulosti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Autor Robert Wernick se vydal na v\u00fdpravu na toto z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 souostrov\u00ed, aby odhalil tajemstv\u00ed obklopuj\u00edc\u00ed tyto architektonick\u00e9 divy. T\u0159i hlavn\u00ed ostrovy Malty, le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed jen co by kamenem dohodil od \u0161pi\u010dky Sic\u00edlie, jsou domovem pozoruhodn\u00e9 koncentrace t\u011bchto starov\u011bk\u00fdch chr\u00e1m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dendrochronologick\u00e9 datov\u00e1n\u00ed: Odhalen\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 osy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 dendrochronologick\u00e9 datovac\u00ed techniky prolily sv\u011btlo na st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed t\u011bchto megalit\u016f a uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee byly postaveny p\u0159ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 6 000 lety. Tento objev zpochyb\u0148uje na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed vysp\u011bl\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed, proto\u017ee tyto struktury byly postaveny stalet\u00ed p\u0159ed vznikem toho, co obvykle pova\u017eujeme za vysp\u011bl\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u00e1danka maltsk\u00fdch stavitel\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u016fvod maltsk\u00fdch stavitel\u016f a povaha jejich kultury z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed zahaleny tajemstv\u00edm. Jak mohla kolonie zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f a pastevc\u016f \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch z ob\u017eivy, izolovan\u00e1 od zbytku sv\u011bta, vytvo\u0159it tak trval\u00e9 a \u00fachvatn\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky? Tato ot\u00e1zka fascinuje archeology po cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Archeologick\u00e9 pr\u016fzkumy: Odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed skryt\u00fdch poklad\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>T\u00fdm archeolog\u016f z maltsk\u00fdch, cambridgesk\u00fdch a bristorsk\u00fdch univerzit v\u011bnoval t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 osm let vykop\u00e1vk\u00e1m t\u011bchto chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch komplex\u016f a odkryl mno\u017estv\u00ed artefakt\u016f, kter\u00e9 vrhaj\u00ed sv\u011btlo na \u017eivot maltsk\u00fdch stavitel\u016f. Mezi jejich objevy pat\u0159ily slo\u017eit\u011b vy\u0159ez\u00e1van\u00e9 kamenn\u00e9 vlysy, \u0161irok\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la mal\u00fdch figurek a cel\u00e9 poh\u0159ebi\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e9 poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o jejich v\u00ed\u0159e a praktik\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Uzn\u00e1n\u00ed UNESCO: Zachov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>V uzn\u00e1n\u00ed jejich v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho a kulturn\u00edho v\u00fdznamu byly maltsk\u00e9 chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 komplexy v roce 2020 zaps\u00e1ny na seznam sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO. Toto ozna\u010den\u00ed zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee tyto nenahraditeln\u00e9 poklady budou zachov\u00e1ny a chr\u00e1n\u011bny pro budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prozkoum\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch komplex\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>Maltsk\u00e9 megalitick\u00e9 chr\u00e1my jsou rozesety po ostrovech a ka\u017ed\u00fd se m\u016f\u017ee pochlubit jedine\u010dn\u00fdmi architektonick\u00fdmi rysy a historick\u00fdm v\u00fdznamem. Mezi nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed komplexy pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0126a\u0121ar Qim:<\/strong> Jedno z nejstar\u0161\u00edch chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch nalezi\u0161\u0165 na Malt\u011b s megalitick\u00fdmi kameny o hmotnosti a\u017e 20 tun.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mnajdra:<\/strong> Komplex t\u0159\u00ed chr\u00e1m\u016f s v\u00fdhledem na mo\u0159e, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed \u00fachvatn\u00e9 v\u00fdhledy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chr\u00e1my Tarxien:<\/strong> Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a nejpropracovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chr\u00e1mov\u00fd komplex na Malt\u011b se \u010dty\u0159mi odli\u0161n\u00fdmi stavebn\u00edmi f\u00e1zemi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chr\u00e1my \u0120gantija:<\/strong> Tyto chr\u00e1my le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed na ostrov\u011b Gozo pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejstar\u0161\u00ed voln\u011b stoj\u00edc\u00ed struktury na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odkaz megalit\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>Megalitick\u00e9 chr\u00e1my na Malt\u011b stoj\u00ed jako d\u016fkaz d\u016fmyslnosti a vytrvalosti starov\u011bk\u00e9 civilizace. P\u0159e\u017eily b\u011bh \u010dasu, zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed a lidsk\u00e9 z\u00e1sahy a slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednka trval\u00e9 s\u00edly lidsk\u00e9 kreativity. Jak pokra\u010dujeme v pr\u016fzkumu a odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed t\u011bchto z\u00e1hadn\u00fdch struktur, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me hlub\u0161\u00ed ocen\u011bn\u00ed pro komplexnost a rozmanitost na\u0161eho lidsk\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Megalitick\u00e9 divy Malty: Vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed z mo\u0159e Prastar\u00e9 architektonick\u00e9 divy Uprost\u0159ed azurov\u00fdch vod St\u0159edozemn\u00edho mo\u0159e ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 mal\u00fd ostrovn\u00ed n\u00e1rod Malta okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed: soubor kolos\u00e1ln\u00edch megalitick\u00fdch staveb, kter\u00e9 stoj\u00ed jako d\u016fkaz d\u016fvtipu&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[88,15816,15817,1643,1161,1160],"class_list":["post-11698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-archaeology","tag-malta","tag-megaliths","tag-ancient-history","tag-world-heritage","tag-unesco"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11698","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11698"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11698\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11699,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11698\/revisions\/11699"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11698"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11698"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11698"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}