{"id":11789,"date":"2024-08-03T14:41:50","date_gmt":"2024-08-03T14:41:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=11789"},"modified":"2024-08-03T14:41:50","modified_gmt":"2024-08-03T14:41:50","slug":"human-sized-penguin-new-zealand","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/paleontology\/human-sized-penguin-new-zealand\/","title":{"rendered":"Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci o velikosti \u010dlov\u011bka kdysi putovali po Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci o velikosti \u010dlov\u011bka kdysi putovali po Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu<\/h2>\n\n

Objev vyhynul\u00e9ho ob\u0159\u00edho tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ka<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159i vzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm objevu, kter\u00fd vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na prav\u011bkou historii tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f, odkryli paleontologov\u00e9 zkamen\u011bl\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky ob\u0159\u00edho druhu tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd kdysi ob\u00fdval Nov\u00fd Z\u00e9land. Tento kolos\u00e1ln\u00ed pt\u00e1k, kter\u00fd dostal jm\u00e9no Crossvallia waiparensis, byl stejn\u011b vysok\u00fd jako \u010dlov\u011bk a ty\u010dil se nad v\u0161emi zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi \u017eij\u00edc\u00edmi druhy tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Vykop\u00e1vky minulosti ve Waipara Greensand<\/h2>\n\n

Objev u\u010dinil amat\u00e9rsk\u00fd paleontolog Leigh Love na nalezi\u0161ti fosili\u00ed Waipara Greensand v North Canterbury na Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu. Toto m\u00edsto je zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sv\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm fosili\u00ed tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch z obdob\u00ed paleoc\u00e9nu, kter\u00e9 trvalo od 65,5 do 55,8 milionu let.<\/p>\n\n

Kolos\u00e1ln\u00ed pt\u00e1k s jedine\u010dn\u00fdmi adaptacemi<\/h2>\n\n

Crossvallia waiparensis byl mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd tvor. Dos\u00e1hl v\u00fd\u0161ky p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 157 centimetr\u016f a v\u00e1\u017eil mezi 70 a 80 kilogramy. Kosti jeho nohou nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee jeho nohy hr\u00e1ly p\u0159i plav\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed roli ne\u017e nohy modern\u00edch tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f. Tato adaptace m\u016f\u017ee nazna\u010dovat, \u017ee se tento druh je\u0161t\u011b pln\u011b nep\u0159izp\u016fsobil vzp\u0159\u00edmen\u00e9 ch\u016fzi.<\/p>\n\n

Ob\u0159\u00ed tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci: Produkt sv\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee pozoruhodn\u00e1 velikost Crossvallia waiparensis byla zp\u016fsobena nedostatkem pred\u00e1tor\u016f v jeho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Po k\u0159\u00eddov\u00e9m vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyhubilo nejen dinosaury, ale tak\u00e9 velk\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 plazy, tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k prosp\u00edval asi 30 milion\u016f let a vyu\u017e\u00edval nep\u0159\u00edtomnost v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch konkurent\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Konkurence a vyhynut\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edchod velk\u00fdch mo\u0159sk\u00fdch savc\u016f, jako jsou ozuben\u00ed velryby a lachtani, v\u0161ak znamenal za\u010d\u00e1tek konce ob\u0159\u00edch tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f. Tito mo\u0159\u0161t\u00ed savci konkurovali tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016fm o potravu a prost\u0159ed\u00ed, co\u017e vedlo k jejich kone\u010dn\u00e9mu vyhynut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

\u00dazk\u00e9 vazby na Antarktidu<\/h2>\n\n

Je zaj\u00edmav\u00e9, \u017ee nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm zn\u00e1m\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fdm Crossvallia waiparensis je Crossvallia unienwillia, druh z obdob\u00ed paleoc\u00e9nu, kter\u00fd byl objeven na Antarktid\u011b. Tento objev zd\u016fraz\u0148uje \u00fazk\u00e9 spojen\u00ed mezi Nov\u00fdm Z\u00e9landem a Antarktidou v dob\u011b ob\u0159\u00edch tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f. Ob\u011b oblasti m\u011bly v t\u00e9 dob\u011b tepl\u00e9 a zalesn\u011bn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Prastar\u00fd k\u00e1men z Rosetty<\/h2>\n\n

Crossvallia waiparensis nen\u00ed jen nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm druhem tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ka, jak\u00fd byl kdy nalezen, ale tak\u00e9 nejstar\u0161\u00edm dob\u0159e zastoupen\u00fdm ob\u0159\u00edm tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1kem, o kter\u00e9m v\u011bda v\u00ed. Jeho objev poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o ran\u00e9 evoluci tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f a nazna\u010duje, \u017ee sv\u00e9 impozantn\u00ed velikosti dos\u00e1hli velmi brzy ve sv\u00e9 evolu\u010dn\u00ed historii.<\/p>\n\n

Pokladnice evoluce tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

M\u00edsto Waipara Greensand, kde byla Crossvallia waiparensis objevena, podle v\u0161eho ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce tajemstv\u00ed o prav\u011bk\u00e9 historii tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f. V\u011bdci netrp\u011bliv\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed popis dal\u0161\u00edch fosili\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou p\u0159edstavovat nov\u00e9 druhy a d\u00e1le osv\u011btlit evolu\u010dn\u00ed cestu t\u011bchto fascinuj\u00edc\u00edch tvor\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci o velikosti \u010dlov\u011bka kdysi putovali po Nov\u00e9m Z\u00e9landu Objev vyhynul\u00e9ho ob\u0159\u00edho tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ka P\u0159i vzru\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edm objevu, kter\u00fd vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na prav\u011bkou historii tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f, odkryli paleontologov\u00e9 zkamen\u011bl\u00e9 poz\u016fstatky ob\u0159\u00edho druhu tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ka,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23989,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[15937,136,2646,15938,15939,137],"class_list":["post-11789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paleontology","tag-crossvallia-waiparensis","tag-evolution","tag-new-zealand","tag-giant-penguin","tag-paleocene","tag-paleontology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11789","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11789"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11789\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11790,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11789\/revisions\/11790"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11789"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}