{"id":12000,"date":"2025-09-07T17:03:52","date_gmt":"2025-09-07T17:03:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12000"},"modified":"2025-09-07T17:03:52","modified_gmt":"2025-09-07T17:03:52","slug":"eclipse-2017-in-pursuit-of-totality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/astronomy\/eclipse-2017-in-pursuit-of-totality\/","title":{"rendered":"Zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 2017: Na Cest\u011b ke Slune\u010dn\u00ed Korun\u011b!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 2017: Na Cest\u011b za Totalitou<\/h2>\n\n

Co je zatm\u011bn\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n

Zatm\u011bn\u00ed je nebesk\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost, ke kter\u00e9 doch\u00e1z\u00ed, kdy\u017e jeden astronomick\u00fd objekt proch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159ed jin\u00fdm, blokuje sv\u011btlo toho druh\u00e9ho. P\u0159i zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce proch\u00e1z\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edc mezi Sluncem a Zem\u00ed a vrh\u00e1 st\u00edn na zemsk\u00fd povrch.<\/p>\n\n

Cesta Totality<\/h2>\n\n

Cesta totality je \u00fazk\u00fd p\u00e1s na Zemi, kde M\u011bs\u00edc zcela blokuje slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dechberouc\u00ed pohled na slune\u010dn\u00ed kor\u00f3nu. Nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce 21. srpna 2017 bude m\u00edt cestu totality, kter\u00e1 se bude rozprost\u00edrat nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d kontinent\u00e1ln\u00edmi Spojen\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty od Oregonu po Ji\u017en\u00ed Karol\u00ednu.<\/p>\n\n

Lovci zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Lovci zatm\u011bn\u00ed jsou jedinci, kte\u0159\u00ed cestuj\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b a hledaj\u00ed totalitu. P\u0159itahuje je \u00fachvatn\u00fd z\u00e1\u017eitek z toho, \u017ee jsou sv\u011bdky t\u00e9to vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 nebesk\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti.<\/p>\n\n

Historie lovu zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Lov zatm\u011bn\u00ed je obl\u00edbenou z\u00e1bavou po stalet\u00ed. Sta\u0159\u00ed astronomov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvali zatm\u011bn\u00ed k p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed budoucnosti a pochopen\u00ed pohybu nebesk\u00fdch t\u011bles. V 19. stolet\u00ed za\u010dali lovci zatm\u011bn\u00ed cestovat po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b a hledat totalitu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvali dalekohledy a dal\u0161\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a dokumentov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto ud\u00e1lost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Satira Benjamina Franklina o zatm\u011bn\u00edch<\/h2>\n\n

Benjamin Franklin, jeden ze zakladatel\u016f Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, byl hlasit\u00fdm kritikem astrologie zatm\u011bn\u00ed. Ve sv\u00e9m popul\u00e1rn\u00edm Almanachu Chud\u00e9ho Richarda nemilosrdn\u011b zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148oval praxi pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed k p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed budoucnosti. Franklin v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee zatm\u011bn\u00ed jsou p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed jevy, kter\u00e9 by se m\u011bly studovat v\u011bdecky, nikoli pou\u017e\u00edvat pro pov\u011bry.<\/p>\n\n

Folklore a zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu historie kultury po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b pohl\u00ed\u017eely na zatm\u011bn\u00ed s r\u016fzn\u00fdm stupn\u011bm strachu a \u00fa\u017easu. N\u011bkter\u00e9 kultury v\u011b\u0159ily, \u017ee zatm\u011bn\u00ed jsou zp\u016fsobena monstry, kter\u00e1 po\u017e\u00edraj\u00ed slunce, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 je pova\u017eovaly za tresty od boh\u016f. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se zatm\u011bn\u00ed dokonce pova\u017eovala za p\u0159edzv\u011bst konce sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n

Starov\u011bk\u00e9 p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd strach a neklid, kter\u00fd zatm\u011bn\u00ed vyvol\u00e1vala v pr\u016fb\u011bhu d\u011bjin, m\u011bl neo\u010dek\u00e1vanou v\u00fdhodu: podn\u00edtil starov\u011bk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u00e1\u0159e k v\u00fdvoji metod p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed. To vedlo k pokroku v astronomii a matematice.<\/p>\n\n

Bezpe\u010dnost p\u0159i zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce<\/h2>\n\n

B\u011bhem zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dodr\u017eovat bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed. Nikdy se ned\u00edvejte p\u0159\u00edmo na slunce, ani b\u011bhem totality. Pou\u017e\u00edvejte br\u00fdle pro zatm\u011bn\u00ed nebo jin\u00e9 certifikovan\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed slunce, abyste si ochr\u00e1nili o\u010di p\u0159ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdm ultrafialov\u00fdm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

Vybaven\u00ed pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

K dispozici je cel\u00e1 \u0159ada n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou bezpe\u010dn\u011b si u\u017e\u00edt nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed zatm\u011bn\u00ed Slunce. Ru\u010dn\u00ed prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de, teleskopy a DIY projektory s d\u00edrkami jsou dobrou volbou. Vyberte si vybaven\u00ed, kter\u00e9 nejl\u00e9pe vyhovuje va\u0161im pot\u0159eb\u00e1m a rozpo\u010dtu.<\/p>\n\n

Tipy pro u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed si zatm\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n