V malebn\u00e9m francouzsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Colmar, le\u017e\u00edc\u00edm na hranic\u00edch s N\u011bmeckem, se nach\u00e1z\u00ed jeden z nejpozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch um\u011bleck\u00fdch poklad\u016f: Isenheimsk\u00fd olt\u00e1\u0159 ze 16. stolet\u00ed. Tento impozantn\u00ed polyptych, vytvo\u0159en\u00fd z\u00e1hadn\u00fdm Mathiasem Gr\u00fcnewaldem, objednali anton\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed mni\u0161i pro nemocnici, kter\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dila ob\u011bti ohn\u011b svat\u00e9ho Anton\u00edna, hyzd\u00edc\u00ed nemoci, dnes zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako ergotismus.<\/p>\n\n
Olt\u00e1\u0159, vzne\u0161en\u00e9 um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo, uchv\u00e1til um\u011blce a u\u010dence od sv\u00e9ho p\u0159esunu do Colmaru p\u0159ed dv\u011bma stolet\u00edmi. Jeho tv\u016frce, Matthias Gr\u00fcnewald, jeho\u017e skute\u010dn\u00e1 identita unikala u\u010denc\u016fm po cel\u00e1 stalet\u00ed, z\u016fstal fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed postavou.<\/p>\n\n
Anton\u00edn\u0161t\u00ed mni\u0161i objednali olt\u00e1\u0159 v letech 1512\u20131516 pro kapli sv\u00e9 nemocnice v Isenheimu, m\u011bst\u011b ji\u017en\u011b od Colmaru. Mni\u0161i zasv\u011btili sv\u016fj \u017eivot p\u00e9\u010di o pacienty trp\u00edc\u00ed ohn\u011bm svat\u00e9ho Anton\u00edna, bolestivou a \u010dasto smrtelnou nemoc\u00ed pojmenovanou po sv\u011btci, kter\u00fd s\u00e1m sn\u00e1\u0161el velk\u00e9 utrpen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Um\u011blcem vybran\u00fdm pro tento v\u00fdznamn\u00fd \u00fakol byl n\u011bmeck\u00fd um\u011blec a in\u017een\u00fdr, sou\u010dasn\u00edk proslul\u00e9ho Albrechta D\u00fcrera. Po stalet\u00ed bylo jeho jm\u00e9no tajemstv\u00edm, dokud ho v roce 1675 neidentifikoval \u017eivotopisec jako Mathiase Gr\u00fcnewalda. A\u010dkoli pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum odhalil, \u017ee jeho skute\u010dn\u00e9 jm\u00e9no bylo bu\u010f Mathis Gothart, nebo Mathis Gothart Neithardt, u\u010denci nad\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00ed nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Gr\u00fcnewald\u016fv Isenheimsk\u00fd olt\u00e1\u0159 je mnohostrann\u00e9 mistrovsk\u00e9 d\u00edlo, kter\u00e9 se rozv\u00edj\u00ed, kdy\u017e se jeho k\u0159\u00eddla otev\u0159ou a odhal\u00ed s\u00e9rii strhuj\u00edc\u00edch sc\u00e9n. Stejn\u011b jako ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed hraje Spasitel \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed roli a objevuje se jak v pron\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm panelu Uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak ve v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9m Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. Tento olt\u00e1\u0159 v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u011b zobrazuje mu\u010den\u00e9ho svat\u00e9ho Anton\u00edna, jeho\u017e p\u0159\u00edtomnost nab\u00edz\u00ed nad\u011bji a \u00fat\u011bchu trp\u00edc\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n
Obraznost olt\u00e1\u0159e je znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed i povzn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed a zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1 poselstv\u00ed, \u017ee i v hlubin\u00e1ch utrpen\u00ed lze naj\u00edt \u00fat\u011bchu a spojen\u00ed s bo\u017esk\u00fdm.<\/p>\n\n
Dnes se Isenheimsk\u00fd olt\u00e1\u0159 nach\u00e1z\u00ed v muzeu Unterlinden v Colmaru a p\u0159itahuje skromn\u00fd po\u010det n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi slavn\u00fdmi um\u011bleck\u00fdmi d\u00edly. Av\u0161ak jak tvrd\u00ed autor Stanley Meisler, tato relativn\u00ed nezn\u00e1most nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u00fdraznou v\u00fdhodu t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed podniknou pou\u0165, aby ho vid\u011bli.<\/p>\n\n
V klidu a soukrom\u00ed muzea se mohou n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci skute\u010dn\u011b pono\u0159it do p\u016fsobiv\u00e9 obraznosti olt\u00e1\u0159e a zamyslet se nad hlubok\u00fdm poselstv\u00edm nad\u011bje a odolnosti, kter\u00e9 zprost\u0159edkov\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n
Isenheimsk\u00fd olt\u00e1\u0159 z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u011bdectv\u00edm o prom\u011b\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed s\u00edle um\u011bn\u00ed a nab\u00edz\u00ed \u00fat\u011bchu a inspiraci t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed pro\u0161li utrpen\u00edm. Jeho trval\u00fd odkaz spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jeho schopnosti p\u0159ekonat \u010das a nad\u00e1le rezonovat s div\u00e1ky stalet\u00ed po sv\u00e9m vzniku.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Isenheimsk\u00fd olt\u00e1\u0159: Mistrn\u00e9 d\u00edlo zrozen\u00e9 z utrpen\u00ed Isenheimsk\u00fd olt\u00e1\u0159: Um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo a \u00fat\u011bcha V malebn\u00e9m francouzsk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Colmar, le\u017e\u00edc\u00edm na hranic\u00edch s N\u011bmeckem, se nach\u00e1z\u00ed jeden z nejpozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch um\u011bleck\u00fdch poklad\u016f:…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":23522,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2745],"tags":[104,2738,2739,1129,837,2744,2741,243,2740,2743,2742],"class_list":["post-1204","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-religious-art","tag-art-history","tag-isenheim-altarpiece","tag-matthias-grunewald","tag-medicine","tag-religion","tag-hope","tag-ergotism","tag-resilience","tag-saint-anthonys-fire","tag-consolation","tag-suffering"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1204","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1204"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1204\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1205,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1204\/revisions\/1205"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1204"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1204"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1204"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}