{"id":12110,"date":"2020-10-15T19:00:47","date_gmt":"2020-10-15T19:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12110"},"modified":"2020-10-15T19:00:47","modified_gmt":"2020-10-15T19:00:47","slug":"dogs-sniff-out-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/animal-assisted-diagnostics\/dogs-sniff-out-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"Psi: \u010cty\u0159noz\u00ed str\u00e1\u017eci v boji proti covidu-19"},"content":{"rendered":"

Psi: \u010cty\u0159noz\u00ed str\u00e1\u017eci v boji proti covidu-19<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdcvik ps\u016f k vy\u043d\u044ech\u00e1n\u00ed pandemie<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u010dichov\u00e9 schopnosti ps\u016f k detekci p\u0159\u00edtomnosti covidu-19. Osm labrador\u016f na University of Pennsylvania podstupuje intenzivn\u00ed v\u00fdcvik, aby se zjistilo, zda jejich citliv\u00e9 nosy dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed virus identifikovat \u010dichem.<\/p>\n\n

\u010cichov\u00fd um ps\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Psi maj\u00ed v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fd \u010dich, s v\u00edce ne\u017e 300 miliony \u010dichov\u00fdch receptor\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s pouh\u00fdmi 5 miliony u lid\u00ed. Tato \u010dichov\u00e1 zdatnost byla vyu\u017eita k v\u00fdcviku ps\u016f k detekci nemoc\u00ed, jako je mal\u00e1rie, cukrovka a dokonce i n\u011bkter\u00e9 typy rakoviny.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1pach viru<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkum uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee viry vyza\u0159uj\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 pachy. Vystaven\u00edm ps\u016f pozitivn\u00edm vzork\u016fm slin nebo mo\u010di z covidu-19 se v\u011bdci sna\u017e\u00ed v\u0161t\u00edpit psovi pach viru do \u010dichov\u00e9 pam\u011bti. Jakmile psi pach zachyt\u00ed, budou testov\u00e1ni na svou schopnost rozli\u0161it mezi infikovan\u00fdmi a neinfikovan\u00fdmi jedinci.<\/p>\n\n

Otisk pachu: Proces v\u00fdcviku<\/h2>\n\n

Proces v\u00fdcviku, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako otisk pachu, zahrnuje opakovan\u00e9 vystavov\u00e1n\u00ed ps\u016f pozitivn\u00edm vzork\u016fm covidu-19 a jejich odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed potravou. Toto pozitivn\u00ed pos\u00edlen\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 ps\u016fm spojit pach viru s \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm v\u00fdsledkem.<\/p>\n\n

Implikace pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Pokud lze psy \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vycvi\u010dit k detekci covidu-19, mohli by sehr\u00e1t z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed. Jejich schopnost rychle prov\u011b\u0159it velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed lid\u00ed na leti\u0161t\u00edch, ve firm\u00e1ch a nemocnic\u00edch by mohla pomoci identifikovat asymptomatick\u00e9 nosi\u010de a zabr\u00e1nit \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed viru.<\/p>\n\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n\n

Podobn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, kde charitativn\u00ed organizace Medical Detection Dogs spolupracuje s Durhamskou univerzitou a Lond\u00fdnskou \u0161kolou hygieny a tropick\u00e9 medic\u00edny na v\u00fdcviku ps\u016f k detekci covidu-19.<\/p>\n\n

\u0160k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00ed a budouc\u00ed aplikace<\/h2>\n\n

\u00dasp\u011bch t\u011bchto pokus\u016f by mohl v\u00e9st k v\u00fdvoji elektronick\u00fdch senzor\u016f inspirovan\u00fdch \u010dichov\u00fdmi schopnostmi ps\u016f, co\u017e by mohlo potenci\u00e1ln\u011b umo\u017enit rychl\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed tis\u00edc\u016f lid\u00ed. Nedostatek detek\u010dn\u00edch ps\u016f ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech v\u0161ak p\u0159edstavuje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed omezen\u00ed pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdzvy a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti<\/h2>\n\n

A\u010dkoli psi prok\u00e1zali sv\u00e9 schopnosti v oblasti detekce nemoc\u00ed, zb\u00fdv\u00e1 zjistit, zda dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed efektivn\u011b detekovat covid-19 se stejnou p\u0159esnost\u00ed. K ur\u010den\u00ed citlivosti a specificity jejich \u010dichov\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed jsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy a pokusy.<\/p>\n\n

Role ps\u016f v kontrole pandemie<\/h2>\n\n

Psi jsou ji\u017e dlouho cen\u011bni za sv\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed a loajalitu, ale jejich \u010dichov\u00fd smysl nyn\u00ed nab\u00edz\u00ed jedine\u010dnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pomoci v boji proti covidu-19. Vyu\u017eit\u00edm jejich mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho \u010dichu m\u016f\u017eeme mo\u017en\u00e1 vyvinout inovativn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pro detekci a prevenci vir\u016f, kter\u00e9 nakonec ochr\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a zachr\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivoty.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Psi: \u010cty\u0159noz\u00ed str\u00e1\u017eci v boji proti covidu-19 V\u00fdcvik ps\u016f k vy\u043d\u044ech\u00e1n\u00ed pandemie V\u011bdci vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 \u010dichov\u00e9 schopnosti ps\u016f k detekci p\u0159\u00edtomnosti covidu-19. Osm labrador\u016f na University of Pennsylvania podstupuje intenzivn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16372],"tags":[16369,16368,16371,16370,1248],"class_list":["post-12110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-assisted-diagnostics","tag-canine-olfactory-abilities","tag-covid-19-detection","tag-public-health-surveillance","tag-disease-detection-dogs","tag-veterinary-medicine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12110"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12111,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12110\/revisions\/12111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}