{"id":12180,"date":"2020-04-24T02:09:23","date_gmt":"2020-04-24T02:09:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12180"},"modified":"2020-04-24T02:09:23","modified_gmt":"2020-04-24T02:09:23","slug":"cats-masters-of-indifference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/animal-behavior\/cats-masters-of-indifference\/","title":{"rendered":"Ko\u010dky: Mistry lhostejnosti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ko\u010dky: Mistry lhostejnosti<\/h2>\n\n

Rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed hlasu majitele<\/h2>\n\n

Ko\u010dky disponuj\u00ed pozoruhodnou schopnost\u00ed rozpoznat hlas sv\u00e9ho majitele, jak uk\u00e1zal ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v Japonsku. Experimenty zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed 20 dom\u00e1c\u00edch ko\u010dek odhalily, \u017ee vykazovaly v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed reakci na hlasy sv\u00fdch majitel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed je volali jm\u00e9nem, ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ciz\u00edmi lidmi pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi stejn\u00e1 slova.<\/p>\n\n

Odta\u017eit\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed hlas\u016f sv\u00fdch majitel\u016f se ko\u010dky \u010dasto rozhodnou je ignorovat. Tento odta\u017eit\u00fd postoj, podle v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f, pramen\u00ed z jejich evolu\u010dn\u00ed historie.<\/p>\n\n

Evolu\u010dn\u00ed ko\u0159eny<\/h2>\n\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu posledn\u00edch 9 000 let si ko\u010dky vytvo\u0159ily jedine\u010dn\u00fd vztah s lidmi. Na rozd\u00edl od ps\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli domestikov\u00e1ni, aby poslouchali p\u0159\u00edkazy, si ko\u010dky zachovaly svou nez\u00e1vislost. S n\u00e1stupem ran\u00fdch zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed ko\u010dky lovily hlodavce p\u0159itahovan\u00e9 z\u00e1sobami obil\u00ed a efektivn\u011b se tak \u201ezdom\u00e1cnily\u201c samy.<\/p>\n\n

Interakce \u010dlov\u011bk-ko\u010dka<\/h2>\n\n

Tato evolu\u010dn\u00ed historie utv\u00e1\u0159ela zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm ko\u010dky interaguj\u00ed s lidmi. Na rozd\u00edl od ps\u016f nebyly ko\u010dky vy\u0161lecht\u011bny pro poslu\u0161nost, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e p\u0159eb\u00edraj\u00ed iniciativu v interakc\u00edch \u010dlov\u011bk-ko\u010dka. Tato nez\u00e1vislost se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v jejich odta\u017eit\u00e9m chov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016f\u010di hlas\u016fm jejich majitel\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159ipoutanost ke ko\u010dk\u00e1m<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory sv\u00e9 odta\u017eitosti maj\u00ed ko\u010dky strhuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u016fvab, kter\u00fd podporuje lidskou n\u00e1klonnost. Jejich roztomil\u00e9 a \u010dasto sm\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 kousky, jak dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed vide\u00ed s ko\u010dkami na internetu, z nich d\u011blaj\u00ed pro mnoh\u00e9 neodolateln\u00e9 tvory.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1hada chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee specifick\u00e9 behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed rysy, kter\u00e9 d\u011blaj\u00ed ko\u010dky mil\u00fdmi pro jejich majitele, z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed neur\u010deny. Nazna\u010duj\u00ed v\u0161ak, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum jedine\u010dn\u00fdch charakteristik chov\u00e1n\u00ed ko\u010dek by mohl objasnit toto trval\u00e9 pouto.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fsledky pro majitele ko\u010dek<\/h2>\n\n

Pochopen\u00ed evolu\u010dn\u00edch a behavior\u00e1ln\u00edch z\u00e1klad\u016f odta\u017eitosti ko\u010dek m\u016f\u017ee pomoci majitel\u016fm ko\u010dek upravit sv\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edstup ke komunikaci se sv\u00fdmi ko\u010di\u010d\u00edmi spole\u010dn\u00edky. I kdy\u017e ko\u010dky nemus\u00ed v\u017edy reagovat na hlasy sv\u00fdch majitel\u016f, p\u0159esto disponuj\u00ed slo\u017eit\u00fdm a fascinuj\u00edc\u00edm kognitivn\u00edm a behavior\u00e1ln\u00edm reperto\u00e1rem, kter\u00fd z nich d\u011bl\u00e1 strhuj\u00edc\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00edky.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ko\u010dky: Mistry lhostejnosti Rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed hlasu majitele Ko\u010dky disponuj\u00ed pozoruhodnou schopnost\u00ed rozpoznat hlas sv\u00e9ho majitele, jak uk\u00e1zal ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v Japonsku. Experimenty zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed 20 dom\u00e1c\u00edch ko\u010dek odhalily, \u017ee vykazovaly v\u00fdrazn\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[16453,8233,16455,16454,5789],"class_list":["post-12180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-cat-behavior","tag-evolutionary-biology","tag-human-animal-interaction","tag-cat-cognition","tag-animal-communication"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12180"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12180\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12181,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12180\/revisions\/12181"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}