{"id":12280,"date":"2021-02-02T03:16:21","date_gmt":"2021-02-02T03:16:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12280"},"modified":"2021-02-02T03:16:21","modified_gmt":"2021-02-02T03:16:21","slug":"climate-change-unexpected-beneficiaries-adelie-penguins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/climate-change-unexpected-beneficiaries-adelie-penguins\/","title":{"rendered":"Zm\u011bna klimatu a neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemci: tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci Ad\u00e9lie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zm\u011bna klimatu a neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemci: tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci Ad\u00e9lie<\/h2>\n\n

Vliv na antarktick\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my<\/h2>\n\n

Zm\u011bna klimatu je \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1na za p\u0159edzv\u011bst zk\u00e1zy pro pol\u00e1rn\u00ed druhy, ale jeden druh tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ka vzdoruje nep\u0159\u00edzni osudu. Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci Ad\u00e9lie, zn\u00e1m\u00ed sv\u00fdmi v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi b\u00edl\u00fdmi krou\u017eky kolem o\u010d\u00ed a hrav\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm, prosperuj\u00ed navzdory stoupaj\u00edc\u00edm teplot\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n

Ostrov Beaufort: r\u00e1j pro tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ky<\/h2>\n\n

Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 studie proveden\u00e1 na ostrov\u011b Beaufort, mal\u00e9m ostrov\u011b v Rossov\u011b mo\u0159i, vrhla sv\u011btlo na tento ne\u010dekan\u00fd jev. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zjistili, \u017ee zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed teplot vedlo k roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed bezledov\u00fdch oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 stanovi\u0161t\u011b pro tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ky Ad\u00e9lie.<\/p>\n\n

Roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed stanovi\u0161\u0165 a r\u016fst populace<\/h2>\n\n

\u00datesy a ledovce, kter\u00e9 kdysi omezovaly stanovi\u0161t\u011b tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f, byly zatla\u010deny zp\u011bt a vytvo\u0159ily pro n\u011b v\u00edce otev\u0159en\u00e9ho prostoru k hn\u00edzd\u011bn\u00ed a odchovu ml\u00e1\u010fat. V d\u016fsledku toho se dostupn\u00e9 stanovi\u0161t\u011b pro tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ky Ad\u00e9lie na ostrov\u011b Beaufort od roku 1958 zv\u011bt\u0161ilo o 71 %, co\u017e vedlo k n\u00e1r\u016fstu jejich populace.<\/p>\n\n

Environment\u00e1ln\u00ed faktory a dynamika populace<\/h2>\n\n

Nedot\u010den\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed Rossova mo\u0159e, prost\u00e9 invazivn\u00edch druh\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch lidsk\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f, umo\u017enilo v\u011bdc\u016fm izolovat vliv zm\u011bny klimatu na populaci tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f Ad\u00e9lie. Dostupnost bezledov\u00fdch oblast\u00ed se uk\u00e1zala b\u00fdt kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm faktorem, kter\u00fd poh\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fst jejich populace.<\/p>\n\n

Geografick\u00e1 variace v reakc\u00edch populace<\/h2>\n\n

Zat\u00edmco tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci Ad\u00e9lie na ostrov\u011b Beaufort prosperuj\u00ed, jin\u00fdm populac\u00edm se nemus\u00ed da\u0159it tak dob\u0159e. Nap\u0159\u00edklad na Antarktick\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b populace tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f kles\u00e1. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee dopady zm\u011bny klimatu na populace tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na m\u00edstn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fsledky pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody<\/h2>\n\n

Studie zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u00fdznam pochopen\u00ed komplexn\u00edch interakc\u00ed mezi zm\u011bnou klimatu a antarktick\u00fdmi ekosyst\u00e9my. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 druhy mohou t\u011b\u017eit z ur\u010dit\u00fdch aspekt\u016f zm\u011bny klimatu, jin\u00e9 mohou \u010delit v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m. Ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed mus\u00ed tyto rozd\u00edly zohlednit, aby zajistilo dlouhodob\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed antarktick\u00e9 divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n

Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci c\u00edsa\u0159\u0161t\u00ed: jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh<\/h2>\n\n

Na rozd\u00edl od tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f Ad\u00e9lie se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci c\u00edsa\u0159\u0161t\u00ed budou \u010delit poklesu populace, proto\u017ee se sv\u011bt otepluje. Jejich z\u00e1vislost na mo\u0159sk\u00e9m ledu p\u0159i rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a hled\u00e1n\u00ed potravy je \u010din\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zraniteln\u00fdmi v\u016f\u010di ztr\u00e1t\u011b ledov\u00e9 pokr\u00fdvky.<\/p>\n\n

Dlouhodob\u00e9 trendy a adapta\u010dn\u00ed strategie<\/h2>\n\n

Dlouhodob\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed populac\u00ed tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro pochopen\u00ed dopad\u016f zm\u011bny klimatu a v\u00fdvoj adapta\u010dn\u00edch strategi\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci studuj\u00ed, jak se tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci p\u0159izp\u016fsobuj\u00ed m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se podm\u00ednk\u00e1m prost\u0159ed\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159esouv\u00e1n\u00edm sv\u00fdch hn\u00edzdi\u0161\u0165 nebo zm\u011bnou zp\u016fsob\u016f hled\u00e1n\u00ed potravy.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n

Neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 odolnost tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1k\u016f Ad\u00e9lie na ostrov\u011b Beaufort demonstruje nov\u00e9 a slo\u017eit\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby, jak\u00fdmi zm\u011bna klimatu m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit pol\u00e1rn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my. Zd\u016fraz\u0148uje tak\u00e9 v\u00fdznam prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu a ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dlouhodob\u00e9ho p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed t\u011bchto ikonick\u00fdch antarktick\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zm\u011bna klimatu a neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemci: tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci Ad\u00e9lie Vliv na antarktick\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my Zm\u011bna klimatu je \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1na za p\u0159edzv\u011bst zk\u00e1zy pro pol\u00e1rn\u00ed druhy, ale jeden druh tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ka vzdoruje nep\u0159\u00edzni osudu. Tu\u010d\u0148\u00e1ci…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[254,368,219,726,252,1553,34],"class_list":["post-12280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-wildlife","tag-environmental-impact","tag-ecology","tag-polar-regions","tag-nature","tag-adelie-penguins","tag-climate-change"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12280","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12280"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12281,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12280\/revisions\/12281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}