Pentobarbital, sedativum pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 p\u0159i l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch z\u00e1kroc\u00edch, se ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech stalo b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm l\u00e9kem pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm p\u0159i smrt\u00edc\u00edch injekc\u00edch. Jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u0161ak vyvolalo kontroverze kv\u016fli obav\u00e1m vznesen\u00fdm obh\u00e1jci lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v a kv\u016fli probl\u00e9m\u016fm, kter\u00fdm st\u00e1ty \u010del\u00ed p\u0159i jeho z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 2011 d\u00e1nsk\u00e1 farmaceutick\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Lunbeck, v\u00fdrobce pentobarbitalu, zak\u00e1zala jeho prodej pro \u00fa\u010dely poprav. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo po n\u00e1tlaku ze strany skupin na ochranu lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, kter\u00e9 argumentovaly, \u017ee by se tento l\u00e9k nem\u011bl pou\u017e\u00edvat p\u0159i st\u00e1tem podporovan\u00fdch poprav\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n
Z\u00e1kaz pentobarbitalu vedl ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech k nedostatku tohoto l\u00e9ku. V d\u016fsledku toho byly st\u00e1ty nuceny naj\u00edt alternativn\u00ed l\u00e9ky pro popravy. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech byly pou\u017eity netestovan\u00e9 kombinace l\u00e9k\u016f, jako je midazolam a hydromorfon.<\/p>\n\n
Mnoho st\u00e1t\u016f se obr\u00e1tilo na l\u00e9k\u00e1rny s individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravou l\u00e9k\u016f, aby z\u00edskaly pentobarbital pro popravy. L\u00e9k\u00e1rny s individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravou l\u00e9k\u016f nepodl\u00e9haj\u00ed stejn\u00e9mu schvalovac\u00edmu procesu jako velc\u00ed v\u00fdrobci, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 obavy ohledn\u011b bezpe\u010dnosti a \u00fa\u010dinnosti jejich produkt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Proti l\u00e9k\u00e1rn\u00e1m s individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravou l\u00e9k\u016f byly pod\u00e1ny \u017ealoby, aby jim bylo zabr\u00e1n\u011bno dod\u00e1vat l\u00e9ky pro popravy. Jednu takovou \u017ealobu podali pr\u00e1vn\u00edci Michaela Taylora, mu\u017ee popraven\u00e9ho v Missouri v roce 2022. \u017daloba tvrdila, \u017ee l\u00e9k na popravu z\u00edskan\u00fd z l\u00e9k\u00e1rny s individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravou l\u00e9k\u016f m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit nelidskou bolest a utrpen\u00ed. Odvol\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak bylo zam\u00edtnuto.<\/p>\n\n
Missouri p\u0159e\u0161lo na pentobarbital pro popravy v roce 2021. St\u00e1t l\u00e9k z\u00edskal z l\u00e9k\u00e1rny s individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravou l\u00e9k\u016f, ale odm\u00edtl uv\u00e9st jej\u00ed n\u00e1zev. Taylorovi pr\u00e1vn\u00edci podali odvol\u00e1n\u00ed, ve kter\u00e9m zpochybnili pou\u017eit\u00ed nejmenovan\u00e9 l\u00e9k\u00e1rny a riziko nelidsk\u00e9 bolesti a utrpen\u00ed. Odvol\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak bylo zam\u00edtnuto.<\/p>\n\n
B\u011bhem Taylorovy popravy nebyly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zjevn\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky utrpen\u00ed. P\u0159esto existuj\u00ed obavy ohledn\u011b potenci\u00e1lu nelidsk\u00e9 bolesti a utrpen\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je pentobarbital z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n z l\u00e9k\u00e1ren s individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravou l\u00e9k\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Pou\u017eit\u00ed pentobarbitalu p\u0159i poprav\u00e1ch vyvolalo etick\u00e9 obavy. Kritici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o krut\u00fd a neobvykl\u00fd trest, zejm\u00e9na pokud je z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n z l\u00e9k\u00e1ren s individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravou l\u00e9k\u016f s pochybn\u00fdmi bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edmi standardy.<\/p>\n\n
Debata o pou\u017eit\u00ed pentobarbitalu p\u0159i poprav\u00e1ch st\u00e1le pokra\u010duje. Obh\u00e1jci lidsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v nad\u00e1le vyv\u00edjej\u00ed tlak na farmaceutick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, aby zak\u00e1zaly prodej tohoto l\u00e9ku pro tento \u00fa\u010del. St\u00e1ty na druhou stranu tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo pou\u017e\u00edvat z\u00e1konn\u00e9 prost\u0159edky k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed poprav.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pentobarbital: Kontroverzn\u00ed l\u00e1tka pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 p\u0159i poprav\u00e1ch Pozad\u00ed Pentobarbital, sedativum pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 p\u0159i l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch z\u00e1kroc\u00edch, se ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech stalo b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm l\u00e9kem pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm p\u0159i smrt\u00edc\u00edch injekc\u00edch. Jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u0161ak vyvolalo kontroverze kv\u016fli…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[359],"tags":[16763,16764,69,16761,16762],"class_list":["post-12399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medicine","tag-pharmaceutical-ethics","tag-compounding-pharmacies","tag-human-rights","tag-pentobarbital","tag-execution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12399"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12400,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12399\/revisions\/12400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}