{"id":12435,"date":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","date_gmt":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12435"},"modified":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","modified_gmt":"2023-05-01T01:43:33","slug":"walter-cronkite-the-first-anchorman-or-was-he","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/media\/walter-cronkite-the-first-anchorman-or-was-he\/","title":{"rendered":"Walter Cronkite: prvn\u00ed moder\u00e1tor televizn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v&#8230; nebo ne?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Walter Cronkite: Prvn\u00ed moder\u00e1tor&#8230; nebo nebyl?<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u016fvod term\u00ednu &#8220;moder\u00e1tor&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n<p>Term\u00edn &#8220;moder\u00e1tor&#8221; m\u00e1 dlouhou historii sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do 10. nebo 11. stolet\u00ed. V anglosask\u00e9m slovn\u00edku je slovo &#8220;ancor-man&#8221; uvedeno jako p\u0159eklad latinsk\u00e9ho &#8220;proreta&#8221;, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 osobu na lodi zodpov\u011bdnou za kotvu. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu z\u00edskal term\u00edn &#8220;moder\u00e1tor&#8221; \u0159adu obrazn\u00fdch v\u00fdznam\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Osoba na konci t\u00fdmu p\u0159etahov\u00e1n\u00ed lanem<\/li>\n<li>Posledn\u00ed \u010dlen t\u00fdmu, kter\u00fd hraje v \u0161tafetov\u00e9m z\u00e1vod\u011b nebo bowlingov\u00e9 h\u0159e<\/li>\n<li>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010dlen jak\u00e9hokoli sportovn\u00edho t\u00fdmu<\/li>\n<li>Kadet, kter\u00fd absolvuje \u00fapln\u011b posledn\u00ed ve sv\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b na N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed akademii Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">John Cameron Swayze: Prvn\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00fd moder\u00e1tor?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V dob\u011b p\u0159ed televiz\u00ed se term\u00edn &#8220;moder\u00e1tor&#8221; n\u011bkdy pou\u017e\u00edval k ozna\u010den\u00ed moder\u00e1tora rozhlasov\u00e9ho zpravodajsk\u00e9ho po\u0159adu. Teprve s n\u00e1stupem televize v\u0161ak tento term\u00edn z\u00edskal sv\u016fj modern\u00ed v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n\n<p>Prvn\u00ed osobou, kter\u00e1 byla v televizi \u0161iroce ozna\u010dov\u00e1na za &#8220;moder\u00e1tora&#8221;, byl Walter Cronkite. Cronkite moderoval CBS Evening News od roku 1962 do roku 1981 a stal se zn\u00e1m\u00fdm sv\u00fdm klidn\u00fdm a autoritativn\u00edm pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm zpr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum historika Mikea Conwaye v\u0161ak nazna\u010duje, \u017ee prvn\u00edm skute\u010dn\u00fdm moder\u00e1torem mohl b\u00fdt jin\u00fd mu\u017e, John Cameron Swayze. Swayze moderoval kv\u00edzovou show NBC &#8220;Who Said That?&#8221; od roku 1948 do roku 1954 a byl tak\u00e9 zpravodajem v nejsledovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm po\u0159adu NBC &#8220;Camel News Caravan&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n<p>V prezentaci na konferenci Americk\u00e9 asociace historik\u016f \u017eurnalistiky Conway p\u0159edlo\u017eil d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee term\u00edn &#8220;moder\u00e1tor&#8221; byl pou\u017eit k popisu Swayzeho v po\u0159adu &#8220;Who Said That?&#8221; ji\u017e v \u0159\u00edjnu 1948. To je n\u011bkolik let p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e Cronkite za\u010dal moderovat CBS Evening News.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Walter Cronkite: Nejd\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mu\u017e v Americe<\/h2>\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e Swayze byl prvn\u00edm moder\u00e1torem, nen\u00ed pochyb o tom, \u017ee Cronkite byl t\u00edm nejvlivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Cronkitova klidn\u00e1 a uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost pomohla v\u00e9st n\u00e1rod n\u011bkter\u00fdmi z jeho nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edch obdob\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b atent\u00e1tu na JFK, v\u00e1lky ve Vietnamu a af\u00e9ry Watergate.<\/p>\n\n<p>Cronkite byl tak\u00e9 pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem v oblasti televizn\u00ed \u017eurnalistiky. Byl prvn\u00ed, kdo pou\u017eil satelitn\u00ed technologii k vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eiv\u00fdch report\u00e1\u017e\u00ed z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta, a pomohl tak zv\u00fd\u0161it d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost televizn\u00edch zpr\u00e1v.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odkaz moder\u00e1tora<\/h2>\n\n<p>Role moder\u00e1tora se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let zm\u011bnila, ale z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. Moder\u00e1to\u0159i jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00ed za p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed zpr\u00e1v ve\u0159ejnosti jasn\u00fdm a stru\u010dn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem a hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Mezi nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed moder\u00e1tory v historii pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Walter Cronkite<\/li>\n<li>John Cameron Swayze<\/li>\n<li>Edward R. Murrow<\/li>\n<li>David Brinkley<\/li>\n<li>Tom Brokaw<\/li>\n<li>Dan Rather<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tito mu\u017ei a \u017eeny v\u0161ichni pomohli formovat zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161l\u00edme o zpr\u00e1v\u00e1ch, a hr\u00e1li z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v informov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Walter Cronkite: Prvn\u00ed moder\u00e1tor&#8230; nebo nebyl? P\u016fvod term\u00ednu &#8220;moder\u00e1tor&#8221; Term\u00edn &#8220;moder\u00e1tor&#8221; m\u00e1 dlouhou historii sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do 10. nebo 11. stolet\u00ed. V anglosask\u00e9m slovn\u00edku je slovo &#8220;ancor-man&#8221; uvedeno jako p\u0159eklad&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16815],"tags":[16812,6204,16813,16814,16811],"class_list":["post-12435","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-media","tag-john-cameron-swayze","tag-media-history","tag-anchorman","tag-television-news","tag-walter-cronkite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12435"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12436,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12435\/revisions\/12436"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12435"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12435"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12435"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}