Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie, jako je sol\u00e1rn\u00ed, v\u011btrn\u00e1 a mo\u0159sk\u00e1 energie, nab\u00edzej\u00ed slibn\u00e9 alternativy k fosiln\u00edm paliv\u016fm. Zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti a ekonomiky t\u011bchto technologi\u00ed v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdzvou. Jedn\u00edm z inovativn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f, kter\u00fd z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 na popularit\u011b, je biomimikry, tedy praxe napodobov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch vzor\u016f k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
V oblasti sol\u00e1rn\u00ed energie se v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed inspirovat spir\u00e1lov\u00fdm uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm kv\u011bt\u016f u slune\u010dnic. Tento vzor, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Fermatova spir\u00e1la, optimalizuje rozm\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed heliostat\u016f (zrcadel, kter\u00e1 sleduj\u00ed slunce) v sol\u00e1rn\u00edch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch s koncentrovanou energi\u00ed. Napodobov\u00e1n\u00edm tohoto uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed mohou in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161it \u00fa\u010dinnost a sn\u00ed\u017eit dopad t\u011bchto elektr\u00e1ren na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
V\u011bdci nav\u00edc zjistili, \u017ee nastaven\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho heliostatu v \u201ezlat\u00e9m \u00fahlu\u201c 137,5\u00b0 vzhledem k jeho sousedovi minimalizuje blokov\u00e1n\u00ed a ztr\u00e1ty slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Tento post\u0159eh inspirovan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm sv\u011btem d\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje v\u00fdkon syst\u00e9m\u016f sol\u00e1rn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren s koncentrovanou energi\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Konven\u010dn\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00e9 farmy vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny s horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed osou, kter\u00e9 se ot\u00e1\u010dej\u00ed kolmo k v\u011btru. Tyto turb\u00edny v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduj\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 rozestupy, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo ru\u0161en\u00ed se sousedn\u00edmi turb\u00ednami. Biomimikry nab\u00edz\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ve form\u011b v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn s vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed osou, inspirovan\u00fdch vzory hejn ryb.<\/p>\n\n
Plavouc\u00ed ryby vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed vzory pohybu vody, kter\u00e9 se podobaj\u00ed proud\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu vznikaj\u00edc\u00edmu za v\u011btrn\u00fdmi turb\u00ednami. M\u00edsto toho, aby tyto vzory br\u00e1nily sousedn\u00edm ryb\u00e1m, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed jim vylep\u0161it a koordinovat jejich plav\u00e1n\u00ed. Dabiriho t\u00fdm na Stanfordov\u011b univerzit\u011b pou\u017eil tento princip k n\u00e1vrhu rozlo\u017een\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00fdch farem, kter\u00e9 optimalizuje z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed energie. Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00edm turb\u00edn s vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed osou do t\u011bsn\u00e9 bl\u00edzkosti a st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm sm\u011br\u016f jejich ot\u00e1\u010den\u00ed dos\u00e1hli desetin\u00e1sobn\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed v\u00fdroby energie na jednotku plochy ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi v\u011btrn\u00fdmi farmami s turb\u00ednami s horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed osou.<\/p>\n\n
Obrovsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l energie oce\u00e1nu z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti nevyu\u017eit\u00fd. Jennifer Franckov\u00e1 z University of Wisconsin vyvinula \u201eosciluj\u00edc\u00ed hydrofoils\u201c, inspirovan\u00e9 m\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddel hmyzu, pt\u00e1k\u016f a netop\u00fdr\u016f. Tato za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed energii z p\u0159\u00edlivu t\u00edm, \u017ee napodobuj\u00ed vzestupn\u00e9 a klesaj\u00edc\u00ed pohyby t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at. Franckova studie nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tento biomimetick\u00fd design je \u0161etrn\u00fd k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en pro komer\u010dn\u00ed aplikace.<\/p>\n\n
Reza Alam z University of California v Berkeley se obr\u00e1til na neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zdroj inspirace: bahno. Zjistil, \u017ee bahno dok\u00e1\u017ee absorbovat zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed energie z oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch vln, zklidnit vodu a vytvo\u0159it p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro mo\u0159sk\u00fd \u017eivot. Alam\u016fv t\u00fdm navrhl um\u011bl\u00fd koberec pro dno mo\u0159e, kter\u00fd napodobuje toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed absorbuj\u00edc\u00ed energii, a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b tak otev\u00edr\u00e1 cestu nov\u00fdm syst\u00e9m\u016fm mo\u0159sk\u00e9 energie.<\/p>\n\n
Zat\u00edmco biomimikry slibuj\u00ed velk\u00fd pokrok v technologi\u00edch obnoviteln\u00e9 energie, jejich komercializace \u010del\u00ed n\u011bkolika v\u00fdzv\u00e1m. Absence standardizovan\u00fdch zku\u0161ebn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9 energie a vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady spojen\u00e9 s v\u00fdvojem hardwaru p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky. Krom\u011b toho z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pro jakoukoli technologii \u010dist\u00e9 energie d\u016fle\u017eitou \u00favahou p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed v n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch a dopad na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Navzdory t\u011bmto v\u00fdzv\u00e1m jsou potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdhody bio-inspirovan\u00e9 obnoviteln\u00e9 energie p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9. Vyu\u017eit\u00edm moudrosti p\u0159\u00edrody m\u016f\u017eeme vyv\u00edjet \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, cenov\u011b dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed energetick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro budoucnost.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Biomimikry: Inovace inspirovan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrodou v oblasti obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie Vyu\u017eit\u00ed moudrosti p\u0159\u00edrody pro udr\u017eiteln\u00e1 energetick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed Obnoviteln\u00e9 zdroje energie, jako je sol\u00e1rn\u00ed, v\u011btrn\u00e1 a mo\u0159sk\u00e1 energie, nab\u00edzej\u00ed slibn\u00e9 alternativy k…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24376,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[83,16975,119,9811,304,977],"class_list":["post-12566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-energy","tag-biomimicry","tag-marine-energy","tag-renewable-energy","tag-nature-inspired-design","tag-solar-energy","tag-wind-energy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12566","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12566"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24377,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12566\/revisions\/24377"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}