{"id":12584,"date":"2023-08-12T21:57:26","date_gmt":"2023-08-12T21:57:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12584"},"modified":"2023-08-12T21:57:26","modified_gmt":"2023-08-12T21:57:26","slug":"crows-consciousness-evolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/animal-behavior\/crows-consciousness-evolution\/","title":{"rendered":"Vr\u00e1ny: Okno do evoluce v\u011bdom\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vr\u00e1ny: Okno do evoluce v\u011bdom\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vr\u00e1ny maj\u00ed ur\u010ditou formu v\u011bdom\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 studie osv\u011btlily pozoruhodn\u00e9 kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti vran a nazna\u010dily, \u017ee tito inteligentn\u00ed pt\u00e1ci mohou m\u00edt formu v\u011bdom\u00ed, kter\u00e1 byla d\u0159\u00edve pova\u017eov\u00e1na za v\u00fdlu\u010dnou pro lidi a n\u011bkter\u00e9 prim\u00e1ty.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je v\u011bdom\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u011bdom\u00ed je subjektivn\u00ed pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta kolem n\u00e1s. Zahrnuje na\u0161e my\u0161lenky, pocity a vjemy. A\u017e doned\u00e1vna v\u011bdci v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee tuto schopnost m\u011bli pouze lid\u00e9 a dal\u0161\u00ed prim\u00e1ti.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vr\u00e1ny a v\u011bdom\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u0161ak toto tvrzen\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uje. V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee vr\u00e1ny vykazuj\u00ed vzorce mozkov\u00e9 aktivity, kter\u00e9 jsou spojeny se subjektivn\u00edm pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm. Jin\u00fdmi slovy, vr\u00e1ny si mohou b\u00fdt v\u011bdomy sv\u00fdch vlastn\u00edch my\u0161lenek a vjem\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Studie<\/h2>\n\n<p>V pr\u016flomov\u00e9 studii publikovan\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Science v\u011bdci m\u011b\u0159ili mozkovou aktivitu dvou vran prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00edch vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fakol. Vr\u00e1ny byly vycvi\u010deny, aby klovaly na barevn\u00e9 sv\u011btlo, pokud uvid\u00ed na obrazovce n\u011bjak\u00fd tvar.<\/p>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee mozkov\u00e1 aktivita vran vykazovala dv\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 vrstvy:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed:<\/strong> Tato vrstva odpov\u00edd\u00e1 z\u00e1kladn\u00edmu smyslov\u00e9mu pro\u017eitku vizu\u00e1ln\u00edho podn\u011btu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed v\u011bdom\u00ed:<\/strong> Tato vrstva p\u0159edstavuje subjektivn\u00ed interpretaci podn\u011btu vr\u00e1nami.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implikace pro evoluci v\u011bdom\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Objev v\u011bdom\u00ed u vran m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed evoluce tohoto komplexn\u00edho fenom\u00e9nu. Nazna\u010duje, \u017ee v\u011bdom\u00ed se mohlo vyvinout nez\u00e1visle v r\u016fzn\u00fdch skupin\u00e1ch zv\u00ed\u0159at, nikoli jako jedine\u010dn\u00fd rys prim\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak vr\u00e1ny vn\u00edmaj\u00ed sv\u011bt?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tato studie tak\u00e9 poskytuje poznatky o tom, jak vr\u00e1ny vn\u00edmaj\u00ed sv\u011bt kolem sebe. V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee subjektivn\u00ed pro\u017eitky vran nebyly ur\u010deny pouze jasem nebo ostrost\u00ed vizu\u00e1ln\u00edch podn\u011bt\u016f. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vr\u00e1ny maj\u00ed sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed ment\u00e1ln\u00ed proces, kter\u00fd jim umo\u017e\u0148uje interpretovat a d\u00e1vat smysl sv\u00fdm smyslov\u00fdm pro\u017eitk\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti vran<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00fdsledky t\u00e9to studie p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k rostouc\u00edmu mno\u017estv\u00ed d\u016fkaz\u016f, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee vr\u00e1ny jsou vysoce inteligentn\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata. Jsou schopny komplexn\u00edho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f a dokonce i porozum\u011bn\u00ed jazyku. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee vr\u00e1ny mohou b\u00fdt kognitivn\u011b stejn\u011b schopn\u00e9 jako opice, nebo dokonce lidoopi.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Objev v\u011bdom\u00ed u vran otev\u00edr\u00e1 nov\u00e9 cesty v\u00fdzkumu evoluce a povahy tohoto z\u00e1kladn\u00edho aspektu na\u0161\u00ed existence. Jak budeme tyto pozoruhodn\u00e9 pt\u00e1ky d\u00e1le zkoumat, m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat hlub\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed p\u016fvodu a komplexnosti samotn\u00e9ho v\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vr\u00e1ny: Okno do evoluce v\u011bdom\u00ed Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum nazna\u010duje, \u017ee vr\u00e1ny maj\u00ed ur\u010ditou formu v\u011bdom\u00ed Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 studie osv\u011btlily pozoruhodn\u00e9 kognitivn\u00ed schopnosti vran a nazna\u010dily, \u017ee tito inteligentn\u00ed pt\u00e1ci mohou m\u00edt formu&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[312],"tags":[17007,1394,17006,99,7902],"class_list":["post-12584","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-animal-behavior","tag-evolution-of-consciousness","tag-animal-intelligence","tag-bird-cognition","tag-lifescienceart","tag-consciousness"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12584"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12584\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12585,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12584\/revisions\/12585"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}