V roce 1801, uprost\u0159ed z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 krajiny Stonehenge, narazili archeologov\u00e9 na hlin\u011bn\u00fd pahorek obsahuj\u00edc\u00ed ostatky dvou osob doprov\u00e1zen\u00e9 pokladem artefakt\u016f. Posu\u0148me se o v\u00edce ne\u017e dv\u011b stolet\u00ed kup\u0159edu a v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci kone\u010dn\u011b odhalili tajemstv\u00ed obklopuj\u00edc\u00ed tyto poh\u0159ebn\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty z doby bronzov\u00e9 a jejich majitele.<\/p>\n\n
Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 studie publikovan\u00e1 v \u010dasopise Antiquity odhaluje, \u017ee starov\u011bk\u00e1 sada n\u00e1stroj\u016f objeven\u00e1 v hrob\u011b byla pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na k v\u00fdrob\u011b vynikaj\u00edc\u00edch zlat\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci pe\u010dliv\u011b zkoumali artefakty pomoc\u00ed pokro\u010dil\u00fdch technik, v\u010detn\u011b rastrovac\u00ed elektronov\u00e9 mikroskopie a energeticky disperzn\u00ed spektrometrie. Jejich n\u00e1lezy odhalily zbytky zlata na p\u011bti artefaktech, kter\u00e9 odpov\u00eddaly element\u00e1rn\u00edmu slo\u017een\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch zlat\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f z doby bronzov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n
Stopy mikroopot\u0159eben\u00ed na n\u00e1stroj\u00edch nazna\u010dovaly jejich rozmanit\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed, od hlazen\u00ed materi\u00e1l\u016f a\u017e po kov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci navrhuj\u00ed, \u017ee tyto n\u00e1stroje byly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed “multimateri\u00e1lov\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, kde byl hlavn\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt vyroben z materi\u00e1lu jako trysk\u00e1\u010d, b\u0159idlice, jantar, d\u0159evo nebo m\u011b\u010f a ozdoben tenkou vrstvou zlat\u00e9ho plechu”.<\/p>\n\n
Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee u\u017eivatel\u00e9 doby bronzov\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsobili ur\u010dit\u00e9 starov\u011bk\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty, jako jsou kamenn\u00e9 bojov\u00e9 sekery, pro zlatnictv\u00ed. Toto z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tyto p\u0159edm\u011bty m\u011bly historick\u00fd v\u00fdznam a prop\u016fj\u010dovaly materi\u00e1l\u016fm, se kter\u00fdmi pracovali, pocit d\u011bdictv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Zjeven\u00ed sady n\u00e1stroj\u016f vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na identitu jednoho ze dvou jedinc\u016f poh\u0159ben\u00fdch na m\u00edst\u011b, mu\u017ee zdoben\u00e9ho propracovan\u00fdm kost\u00fdmem p\u0159ezd\u00edvan\u00fdm “\u0161aman”. Lisa Brownov\u00e1, kur\u00e1torka Wiltshire Museum, v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee “mu\u017e poh\u0159ben\u00fd v Upton Lovell, nedaleko Stonehenge, byl vysoce kvalifikovan\u00fd \u0159emesln\u00edk, specializuj\u00edc\u00ed se na v\u00fdrobu zlat\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f”.<\/p>\n\n
Jeho ob\u0159adn\u00ed pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165, zdoben\u00fd prop\u00edchan\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edmi kostmi, nazna\u010duje jeho potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed roli duchovn\u00edho v\u016fdce. V ran\u00e9 dob\u011b bronzov\u00e9 m\u011bli tito jedinci jedine\u010dn\u00e9 porozum\u011bn\u00ed transforma\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edle zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f a zast\u00e1vali uzn\u00e1vanou pozici ve sv\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n
Studie zd\u016fraz\u0148uje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli kamene v procesu v\u00fdroby zlata v dob\u011b bronzov\u00e9. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zjistili, \u017ee kameny se specifick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi a historiemi byly \u00famysln\u011b vyb\u00edr\u00e1ny pro jejich zapojen\u00ed do t\u00e9to praxe. Oliver Harris, archeolog z University of Leicester, vysv\u011btluje, \u017ee “uk\u00e1zali jsme, jak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed je k\u00e1men v procesu v\u00fdroby zlata a jak byly kameny s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi vlastnostmi a historiemi p\u0159ednostn\u011b vyb\u00edr\u00e1ny, aby byly sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u00e9to praxe”.<\/p>\n\n
Objev sady n\u00e1stroj\u016f poskytuje pohled na pokro\u010dil\u00e9 \u0159emesln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed a kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam zlatnictv\u00ed v dob\u011b bronzov\u00e9. Odhaluje slo\u017eit\u00e9 techniky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 zru\u010dn\u00fdmi \u0159emesln\u00edky k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed ohromuj\u00edc\u00edch ozdob a p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f jak estetick\u00e9, tak duchovn\u00ed hodnoty.<\/p>\n\n
Krom\u011b toho zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u00fdznam recyklace a kontinuity tradic nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi. Pou\u017eit\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00fdch bojov\u00fdch seker ve zlatnictv\u00ed dokazuje trvalou \u00factu k minulosti a vynal\u00e9zavost \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016f doby bronzov\u00e9 p\u0159i p\u0159izp\u016fsobov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f nov\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n
Vykopan\u00e1 sada n\u00e1stroj\u016f pobl\u00ed\u017e Stonehenge slou\u017e\u00ed jako sv\u011bdectv\u00ed d\u016fmyslnosti a um\u011bn\u00ed \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016f doby bronzov\u00e9. Nab\u00edz\u00ed cenn\u00e9 poznatky o jejich technik\u00e1ch, v\u00fdznamu zlatnictv\u00ed a kulturn\u00edch p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00edch, kter\u00e1 formovala jejich spole\u010dnost. Jak se no\u0159\u00edme hloub\u011bji do tajemstv\u00ed minulosti, tyto archeologick\u00e9 objevy nad\u00e1le obohacuj\u00ed na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00fdch d\u011bjin a trval\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0159emesla.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Odhalen\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed zlatnictv\u00ed: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh 4 000 let star\u00e9 sady n\u00e1stroj\u016f Archeologov\u00e9 odhaluj\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed sady n\u00e1stroj\u016f z doby bronzov\u00e9 V roce 1801, uprost\u0159ed z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 krajiny Stonehenge, narazili archeologov\u00e9 na hlin\u011bn\u00fd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4312],"tags":[88,2864,27,706,17016,2102,17015],"class_list":["post-12592","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeological-art","tag-archaeology","tag-bronze-age","tag-history","tag-craftsmanship","tag-toolkit","tag-stonehenge","tag-goldwork"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12592","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12592"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12592\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12593,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12592\/revisions\/12593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12592"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12592"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12592"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}