{"id":12674,"date":"2024-10-27T23:12:17","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T23:12:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12674"},"modified":"2024-10-27T23:12:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-27T23:12:17","slug":"oklahoma-earthquakes-linked-to-oil-and-gas-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/earth-sciences\/oklahoma-earthquakes-linked-to-oil-and-gas-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Oklahom\u011b: Souvislost s t\u011b\u017ebou ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Oklahom\u011b souvis\u00ed s t\u011b\u017ebou ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst seismick\u00e9 aktivity<\/h3>\n\n<p>Oklahoma zaznamenala v posledn\u00edch letech v\u00fdrazn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst seismick\u00e9 aktivity. V roce 2014 zaznamenal st\u00e1t 145 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed o s\u00edle 3,0 nebo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, co\u017e je nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed po\u010det, jak\u00fd kdy byl zaznamen\u00e1n. Tento n\u00e1r\u016fst aktivity je z\u010d\u00e1sti zp\u016fsoben vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00edm odpadn\u00edch vod, co\u017e je proces pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd p\u0159i t\u011b\u017eb\u011b ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod a indukovan\u00e1 seismicita<\/h3>\n\n<p>Vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod zahrnuje \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod z ropn\u00fdch a plyn\u00e1rensk\u00fdch operac\u00ed do podzemn\u00edch vrt\u016f. Tato voda s vysok\u00fdm tlakem m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it tlak v okoln\u00ed hornin\u011b, co\u017e zp\u016fsob\u00ed posun ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00edch zlom\u016f a vyvol\u00e1 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Geologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (USGS) a Geologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba Oklahomy zjistily, \u017ee vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod zv\u00fd\u0161ilo riziko velk\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Oklahom\u011b. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed, jak\u00e9 kdy bylo ve st\u00e1t\u011b zaznamen\u00e1no, zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed o s\u00edle 5,6 v roce 2011, bylo spojeno s ropn\u00fdmi a plyn\u00e1rensk\u00fdmi operacemi.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 seismick\u00e1 aktivita a budouc\u00ed riziko<\/h3>\n\n<p>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 seismick\u00e1 aktivita v Oklahom\u011b vyvolala obavy ohledn\u011b potenci\u00e1lu budouc\u00edch velk\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. USGS odhaduje, \u017ee pravd\u011bpodobnost zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed o s\u00edle 6,0 nebo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v Oklahom\u011b se od roku 2008 zv\u00fd\u0161ila \u0161estin\u00e1sobn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u011b\u017eba ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu v dal\u0161\u00edch regionech<\/h3>\n\n<p>Oklahoma nen\u00ed jedin\u00fdm regionem, kter\u00fd je posti\u017een zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edmi souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi s t\u011b\u017ebou ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu. Podobn\u00e9 souvislosti byly pozorov\u00e1ny v Ohiu, Texasu, Britsk\u00e9 Kolumbii a dal\u0161\u00edch oblastech.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed rizika<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci pracuj\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko indukovan\u00e9 seismicity p\u0159i vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod. Jedn\u00edm z p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f je sn\u00ed\u017eit mno\u017estv\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod vst\u0159ikovan\u00fdch do podzemn\u00edch vrt\u016f. Dal\u0161\u00ed strategi\u00ed je vyu\u017e\u00edvat alternativn\u00ed metody nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s odpadn\u00edmi vodami, jako je povrchov\u00e9 vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo recyklace.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdzkum<\/h3>\n\n<p>USGS a dal\u0161\u00ed agentury pokra\u010duj\u00ed ve sledov\u00e1n\u00ed seismick\u00e9 aktivity v Oklahom\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch oblastech posti\u017een\u00fdch t\u011b\u017ebou ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu. Prob\u00edh\u00e1 tak\u00e9 pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, aby bylo l\u00e9pe pochopeno p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a rizika indukovan\u00e9 seismicity.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed informace<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/natural-hazards\/earthquake-hazards\/induced-seismicity\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">USGS: Indukovan\u00e1 seismicita<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ogs.ou.edu\/earthquakes\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Geologick\u00e1 slu\u017eba Oklahomy: Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/science\/article\/oklahoma-earthquakes-linked-oil-gas-wastewater\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">National Geographic: Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Oklahom\u011b souvisej\u00ed s odpadn\u00edmi vodami z ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v Oklahom\u011b souvis\u00ed s t\u011b\u017ebou ropy a zemn\u00edho plynu Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst seismick\u00e9 aktivity Oklahoma zaznamenala v posledn\u00edch letech v\u00fdrazn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst seismick\u00e9 aktivity. V roce 2014 zaznamenal st\u00e1t 145 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24736,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[728],"tags":[17111,17109,17112,17113,6948,17110,4866],"class_list":["post-12674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-earth-sciences","tag-induced-seismicity","tag-oil-and-gas","tag-oklahoma","tag-oklahoma-geological-survey","tag-usgs","tag-wastewater-injection","tag-earthquakes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12674"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12674\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24737,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12674\/revisions\/24737"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}