{"id":12755,"date":"2020-03-14T00:34:12","date_gmt":"2020-03-14T00:34:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12755"},"modified":"2020-03-14T00:34:12","modified_gmt":"2020-03-14T00:34:12","slug":"stamps-a-revolution-in-communication","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/hobbies-and-collecting\/stamps-a-revolution-in-communication\/","title":{"rendered":"Zn\u00e1mky: revoluce v komunikaci"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zn\u00e1mky: revoluce v komunikaci<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historie zn\u00e1mek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zn\u00e1mky, samolepic\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k p\u0159edplacen\u00ed po\u0161tovn\u00e9ho, sehr\u00e1ly transforma\u010dn\u00ed roli v komunikaci. Prvn\u00ed feder\u00e1ln\u00ed zn\u00e1mky byly vyd\u00e1ny ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech v roce 1847, ale zpo\u010d\u00e1tku se setkaly s odporem.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u016fvod zn\u00e1mek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Koncept zn\u00e1mek vznikl u Rowlanda Hilla, britsk\u00e9ho reform\u00e1tora, kter\u00fd si v\u0161iml, \u017ee po\u0161tovn\u00e9 je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 drah\u00e9 a plat\u00ed ho p\u0159\u00edjemce. Jeho \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm byly p\u0159edplacen\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky, kter\u00e9 by p\u0159enesly odpov\u011bdnost na odes\u00edlatele.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zaveden\u00ed zn\u00e1mek v USA<\/h2>\n\n<p>Inspirov\u00e1ny Hillov\u00fdmi my\u0161lenkami zavedly Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v roce 1847 zn\u00e1mky. Prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1mky zobrazovaly Bena Franklina a George Washingtona a v syst\u00e9mu identifikace zn\u00e1mek Scott rychle z\u00edskaly ozna\u010den\u00ed Scott 1 a Scott 2.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dopad zn\u00e1mek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zn\u00e1mky zp\u016fsobily revoluci v komunikaci, proto\u017ee ji u\u010dinily snaz\u0161\u00ed, pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a cenov\u011b dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Podporovaly tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed po\u0161tovn\u00edch schr\u00e1nek, co\u017e sn\u00ed\u017eilo pot\u0159ebu dlouh\u00e9ho \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na po\u0161t\u00e1ch. To zase \u017een\u00e1m usnadnilo p\u0159\u00edstup k po\u0161tovn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sb\u011bratelstv\u00ed zn\u00e1mek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jak se zn\u00e1mky st\u00e1valy popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, rostlo i sb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed zn\u00e1mek. Pro tento kon\u00ed\u010dek, kter\u00fd zahrnuje sb\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed a studium zn\u00e1mek, byl vytvo\u0159en term\u00edn \u201efilatelie\u201c. Filatelisty fascinuje historie, design a hodnota zn\u00e1mek.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role zn\u00e1mek ve spole\u010dnosti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zn\u00e1mky hr\u00e1ly ve spole\u010dnosti v\u00fdznamnou roli. Byly pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny k vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nez\u00e1vislosti, oslav\u011b u\u0161lechtil\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed a p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed historick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed. Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 mal\u00e9 zem\u011b z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 prodej zn\u00e1mek d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm zdrojem p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdzvy pro filatelii<\/h2>\n\n<p>V posledn\u00edch letech p\u0159edstavuje pro filatelii v\u00fdzvu n\u00e1stup digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace. Pam\u011btn\u00ed zn\u00e1mky a specializovan\u00e9 sb\u011bratelsk\u00e9 obory v\u0161ak nad\u00e1le p\u0159itahuj\u00ed nad\u0161ence.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ned\u00e1vno vydan\u00e9 pam\u011btn\u00ed zn\u00e1mky Franklin a Washington se prodaly za pouh\u00fdch 11 dn\u00ed v n\u00e1kladu p\u0159es 12 milion\u016f kus\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Prvn\u00ed feder\u00e1ln\u00ed zn\u00e1mky ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech se setkaly s vla\u017enou reakc\u00ed a trvalo deset let, ne\u017e se jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed stalo povinn\u00fdm.<\/li>\n<li>Bl\u00e1zen do zn\u00e1mek, jak se jim kdysi \u0159\u00edkalo, se vyvinul ve filatelistu, milovn\u00edka zn\u00e1mek.<\/li>\n<li>Zaveden\u00ed doru\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u016f b\u011bhem ob\u010dansk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky bylo spojeno se soucitn\u00fdm po\u0161tmistrem v Clevelandu.<\/li>\n<li>Nevy\u017e\u00e1dan\u00e1 po\u0161ta se rozmohla s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fdm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm zn\u00e1mek a n\u00edzk\u00fdmi po\u0161tovn\u00edmi sazbami.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zn\u00e1mky hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v komunikaci ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e 150 let. Od sv\u00fdch skromn\u00fdch za\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f jako zp\u016fsob p\u0159edplacen\u00ed po\u0161tovn\u00e9ho se zn\u00e1mky vyvinuly ve fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed kon\u00ed\u010dek a cenn\u00fd historick\u00fd z\u00e1znam.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zn\u00e1mky: revoluce v komunikaci Historie zn\u00e1mek Zn\u00e1mky, samolepic\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k p\u0159edplacen\u00ed po\u0161tovn\u00e9ho, sehr\u00e1ly transforma\u010dn\u00ed roli v komunikaci. Prvn\u00ed feder\u00e1ln\u00ed zn\u00e1mky byly vyd\u00e1ny ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech v roce 1847, ale&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17236],"tags":[5670,502,8671,17235],"class_list":["post-12755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hobbies-and-collecting","tag-philately","tag-communication","tag-postal-history","tag-stamps"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12755","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12755"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12755\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12756,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12755\/revisions\/12756"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12755"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12755"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12755"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}