Japonsko vyslalo do vesm\u00edru rentgenovou dru\u017eici nazvanou X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM). XRISM je vybavena dv\u011bma p\u0159\u00edstroji pro detekci rentgenov\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, co\u017e je forma elektromagnetick\u00e9ho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed s vysokou energi\u00ed. Dru\u017eice bude ob\u00edhat kolem Zem\u011b ve v\u00fd\u0161ce 550 km nad povrchem planety a pozorovat rychlost a chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed hork\u00e9 plazmy mezi hv\u011bzdami a galaxiemi v dosud nep\u0159ekonan\u00fdch detailech.<\/p>\n\n
Plazma je ultrahork\u00e1 forma hmoty slo\u017een\u00e1 z nabit\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed naprostou v\u011bt\u0161inu viditeln\u00e9ho vesm\u00edru. Obsahuje informace o historii vzniku prvk\u016f ve hv\u011bzd\u00e1ch a supernov\u00e1ch. Studiem plazmy v\u011bdci doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee z\u00edskaj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed a v\u00fdvoje hv\u011bzd, galaxi\u00ed a galaktick\u00fdch shluk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159\u00edstroje XRISM zahrnuj\u00ed spektrometr, kter\u00fd bude pracovat p\u0159i teplot\u011b t\u011bsn\u011b nad absolutn\u00ed nulou, co\u017e mu umo\u017en\u00ed pozorovat zm\u011bny teploty zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 jednotliv\u00fdmi rentgenov\u00fdmi fotony dopadaj\u00edc\u00edmi na detektor. Spektrometr bude schopen m\u011b\u0159it teplotu, slo\u017een\u00ed a rychlost zdroje z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed s rozli\u0161en\u00edm 30kr\u00e1t lep\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e rentgenov\u00e9 observato\u0159i Chandra NASA.<\/p>\n\n
XRISM m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 rentgenov\u00fd obrazov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd bude po\u0159izovat sn\u00edmky se \u0161irok\u00fdm zorn\u00fdm polem. Dru\u017eice bude po dosa\u017een\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy zkalibrov\u00e1na a o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee bude fungovat po dobu t\u0159\u00ed let.<\/p>\n\n
Spolu s rentgenovou dru\u017eic\u00ed Japonsko vyslalo tak\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed modul nazvan\u00fd Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM). SLIM se vyd\u00e1 na palivov\u011b efektivn\u00ed trajektorii k m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edmu povrchu a doraz\u00ed tam za t\u0159i a\u017e \u010dty\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce. Pot\u00e9 vstoup\u00ed na m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu na jeden m\u011bs\u00edc p\u0159ed samotn\u00fdm p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n
Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem mise SLIM je p\u0159edv\u00e9st vysoce p\u0159esn\u00e9 schopnosti p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed moduly obvykle maj\u00ed p\u0159esnost v \u0159\u00e1du n\u011bkolika a\u017e des\u00edtek kilometr\u016f, SLIM si klade za c\u00edl p\u0159ist\u00e1t do 100 metr\u016f od c\u00edle.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed schopnosti p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017en\u00ed kosmick\u00fdm lod\u00edm p\u0159ist\u00e1vat bezpe\u010dn\u011bji a zkoumat oblasti, kter\u00e9 byly d\u0159\u00edve nep\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9. C\u00edlem SLIMu je impaktn\u00ed kr\u00e1ter Shioli, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed t\u011bsn\u011b ji\u017en\u011b od m\u00edsta p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed Apolla 11.<\/p>\n\n
Pokud SLIM \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159istane, stane se Japonsko p\u00e1tou zem\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se poda\u0159ilo dostat na m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed povrch, po Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, Rusku (b\u00fdval\u00e9m SSSR), \u010c\u00edn\u011b a Indii. Mise je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00edch pl\u00e1n\u016f Japonska vyslat v budoucnu astronauty na M\u011bs\u00edc.<\/p>\n\n
Vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed XRISM a SLIM je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm krokem vp\u0159ed pro pr\u016fzkum vesm\u00edru. XRISM poskytne v\u011bdc\u016fm nov\u00e9 poznatky o vesm\u00edru, zat\u00edmco SLIM p\u0159edvede proveditelnost p\u0159esn\u00fdch m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed. Tyto mise p\u0159isp\u011bj\u00ed k na\u0161emu pochopen\u00ed vesm\u00edru a p\u0159iprav\u00ed cestu pro budouc\u00ed lidsk\u00fd pr\u016fzkum M\u011bs\u00edce a dal\u0161\u00edch sv\u011bt\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Japonsko vyslalo rentgenovou dru\u017eici a m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00ed modul do vesm\u00edru Rentgenov\u00e1 dru\u017eice pro studium vesm\u00edru Japonsko vyslalo do vesm\u00edru rentgenovou dru\u017eici nazvanou X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM). XRISM je…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25473,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[476],"tags":[436,2907,2908,434,2906],"class_list":["post-1284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-space-science","tag-astrophysics","tag-lunar-exploration","tag-plasma-physics","tag-space-exploration","tag-x-ray-astronomy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1284","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1284"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1284\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25474,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1284\/revisions\/25474"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1284"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1284"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1284"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}