{"id":12956,"date":"2024-06-06T09:12:14","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T09:12:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=12956"},"modified":"2024-06-06T09:12:14","modified_gmt":"2024-06-06T09:12:14","slug":"asian-longhorned-beetle-invasion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/ecology\/asian-longhorned-beetle-invasion\/","title":{"rendered":"Invaze asijsk\u00e9ho tesa\u0159\u00edka"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Invaze asijsk\u00e9ho tesa\u0159\u00edka<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u011bda za invaz\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Asijsk\u00fd tesa\u0159\u00edk (ALB) je ni\u010div\u00fd invazivn\u00ed druh, kter\u00fd pusto\u0161\u00ed lesy v Nov\u00e9 Anglii. Tento brouk poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny a Koreje, ale do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f byl n\u00e1hodn\u011b zavle\u010den v 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm napaden\u00fdch d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch obalov\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p>ALB je velk\u00fd brouk, jeho\u017e dosp\u011blci dosahuj\u00ed velikosti od 1,5 do 2 palc\u016f. Maj\u00ed dlouh\u00e1, \u010dern\u00e1 tykadla s b\u00edl\u00fdmi skvrnami a jejich t\u011bla jsou pokryta \u010dern\u00fdmi a b\u00edl\u00fdmi znaky. Larvy ALB jsou b\u00edl\u00e9 a beznoh\u00e9 a mohou dor\u016fst a\u017e 2 palc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p>ALB p\u0159edstavuje v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu pro listnat\u00e9 stromy, zejm\u00e9na javor, b\u0159\u00edzu a vrbu. Larvy se zavrt\u00e1vaj\u00ed do kmen\u016f a v\u011btv\u00ed strom\u016f, oslabuj\u00ed je a nakonec je zab\u00edjej\u00ed. Napaden\u00ed ALB m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st ke \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed chorob a dal\u0161\u00edch \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lidsk\u00fd faktor<\/h3>\n\n<p>Zavle\u010den\u00ed ALB do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f bylo v\u00fdsledkem lidsk\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed. V 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed za\u010dali lesn\u00edci v \u010c\u00edn\u011b vysazovat stromy odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di ALB ve snaze kontrolovat populaci brouka. Tato strategie v\u0161ak selhala, proto\u017ee vedla k v\u00fdvoji agresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kmene ALB, kter\u00fd byl schopen napadat i odoln\u00e9 stromy.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0160\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed ALB ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech bylo tak\u00e9 usnadn\u011bno lidsk\u00fdmi \u010dinnostmi. Brouka lze p\u0159epravovat v napaden\u00fdch d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch obalov\u00fdch materi\u00e1lech a m\u016f\u017ee se \u0161\u00ed\u0159it tak\u00e9 p\u0159irozen\u00fdmi cestami, jako je l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed nebo lezen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdzvy regulace<\/h3>\n\n<p>Regulace ALB je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd \u00fakol. Brouk je vysoce p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u00fd a dok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Je tak\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 odhalit napaden\u00ed ALB v jejich ran\u00fdch st\u00e1di\u00edch, proto\u017ee larvy se zavrt\u00e1vaj\u00ed do kmen\u016f strom\u016f a mohou z\u016fstat skryt\u00e9 po n\u011bkolik let.<\/p>\n\n<p>Existuje \u0159ada metod, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k regulaci ALB, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Karant\u00e9na:<\/strong> Napaden\u00e9 oblasti jsou v karant\u00e9n\u011b, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed brouka.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kontrola \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f:<\/strong> K huben\u00ed dosp\u011blc\u016f a larev ALB se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pesticidy a dal\u0161\u00ed metody.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Biologick\u00e1 kontrola:<\/strong> V\u011bdci hledaj\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e9 pred\u00e1tory ALB, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity k regulaci jeho populace.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdznam v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunikace<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u011bdeck\u00e1 komunikace hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v informov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti o ALB a dal\u0161\u00edch invazivn\u00edch druz\u00edch. Poskytov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159esn\u00fdch a aktu\u00e1ln\u00edch informac\u00ed mohou v\u011bde\u010dt\u00ed komunik\u00e1to\u0159i pomoci lidem pochopit hrozby, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed invazivn\u00ed druhy, a d\u016fle\u017eitost p\u0159ijet\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed k jejich regulaci.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1kon nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f<\/h3>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh ALB je v\u00fdstra\u017en\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem o z\u00e1konu nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f. Rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e1 u\u010dinili lesn\u00edci v \u010c\u00edn\u011b v 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed o vysazov\u00e1n\u00ed strom\u016f odoln\u00fdch v\u016f\u010di ALB, nakonec vedla ke zni\u010den\u00ed m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho lesa v USA o n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed pozd\u011bji. Tento p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost pe\u010dliv\u00e9ho zva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f na\u0161ich \u010din\u016f p\u0159ed jejich proveden\u00edm.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Invaze asijsk\u00e9ho tesa\u0159\u00edka V\u011bda za invaz\u00ed Asijsk\u00fd tesa\u0159\u00edk (ALB) je ni\u010div\u00fd invazivn\u00ed druh, kter\u00fd pusto\u0161\u00ed lesy v Nov\u00e9 Anglii. Tento brouk poch\u00e1z\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny a Koreje, ale do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23608,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[590],"tags":[219,286,3071,17505,6095],"class_list":["post-12956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecology","tag-ecology","tag-invasive-species","tag-forestry","tag-asian-longhorned-beetle","tag-science-writing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12956"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12957,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12956\/revisions\/12957"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23608"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}