Ve vzd\u00e1len\u00e9m Severn\u00edm teritoriu v Austr\u00e1lii se vesnice Lajamanu st\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u011bdkem mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho zrodu nov\u00e9ho jazyka: warlpiri rampaku.<\/p>\n\n
Jazyk warlpiri rampaku vznikl z jedine\u010dn\u00e9 souhry okolnost\u00ed. Kdy\u017e rodi\u010de v Lajamanu pou\u017e\u00edvali sm\u011bs jazyk\u016f warlpiri, angli\u010dtiny a kriol, aby komunikovali se sv\u00fdmi mal\u00fdmi d\u011btmi, zako\u0159enil se v\u00fdrazn\u00fd jazykov\u00fd jev. D\u011bti si tento hybridn\u00ed jazyk osvojily a p\u0159etvo\u0159ily ho ve sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed mate\u0159sk\u00fd jazyk.<\/p>\n\n
To, co odli\u0161uje jazyk warlpiri rampaku od jeho mate\u0159sk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f, jsou jeho radik\u00e1ln\u00ed inovace v syntaxi, zejm\u00e9na v u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed sloves. Jazykov\u011bdkyn\u011b Carmel O\u2019Shannessy popisuje tento jazyk jako jazyk s vlastn\u00edm odli\u0161n\u00fdm \u010dasov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem, v\u010detn\u011b \u010dasu \u201ep\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9ho nebo minul\u00e9ho, ale ne budouc\u00edho\u201c, kter\u00fd v angli\u010dtin\u011b ani warlpiri neexistuje.<\/p>\n\n
I kdy\u017e si jazyk warlpiri rampaku vyp\u016fj\u010duje ur\u010dit\u00e9 slovesn\u00e9 struktury a podstatn\u00e1 jm\u00e9na ze sv\u00fdch mate\u0159sk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f, uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1v\u00e1 tyto prvky nov\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby. Tento proces jazykov\u00e9ho vyp\u016fj\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a inovac\u00ed p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 v\u00fdvoj rom\u00e1nsk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f, jako je \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tina a francouz\u0161tina, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed mnoho spole\u010dn\u00fdch slov, ale maj\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00e9 gramatick\u00e9 struktury.<\/p>\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z n\u00e1padn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f jedine\u010dn\u00e9 gramatiky jazyka warlpiri rampaku je pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpony \u201e-ria\u201c u podstatn\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na \u201eaus\u201c (d\u016fm), kter\u00e1 ozna\u010duje \u201ev\u201c nebo \u201ena\u201c. Tato p\u0159\u00edpona je odvozena z jazyka warlpiri, ale jej\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed v jazyce warlpiri rampaku vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nov\u00fd zp\u016fsob vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n\n
O\u2019Shannessy poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee jazyk warlpiri rampaku z\u00edskal mezi mlad\u00fdmi lidmi v Lajamanu takovou d\u016fle\u017eitost, \u017ee p\u0159edstavuje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed hrozbu pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edho jazyka warlpiri. Tato jazykov\u00e1 zm\u011bna zd\u016fraz\u0148uje dynamickou povahu jazyka a jeho schopnost p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se kulturn\u00edm a jazykov\u00fdm prost\u0159ed\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n
D\u011bti hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli ve v\u00fdvoji jazyka warlpiri rampaku. Jejich kreativn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jazyka a ochota experimentovat s nov\u00fdmi gramatick\u00fdmi strukturami formovaly jeho jedine\u010dn\u00e9 rysy. To sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o vrozen\u00e9 schopnosti d\u011bt\u00ed ovliv\u0148ovat jazykov\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p>\n\n
Lajamanu se stalo \u017eivou laborato\u0159\u00ed pro jazykov\u011bdce a nab\u00edz\u00ed vz\u00e1cnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost sledovat zrod a v\u00fdvoj nov\u00e9ho jazyka v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase. Vznik jazyka warlpiri rampaku zpochyb\u0148uje tradi\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edstavy o vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed jazyk\u016f a poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o dynamick\u00fdch procesech, kter\u00e9 utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed lidskou komunikaci.<\/p>\n\n
Zrozen\u00ed jazyka warlpiri rampaku nen\u00ed pouze jazykov\u00fd jev; je to tak\u00e9 odraz kulturn\u00edch a soci\u00e1ln\u00edch zm\u011bn, ke kter\u00fdm doch\u00e1z\u00ed v komunit\u011b Lajamanu. Jazyk zt\u011bles\u0148uje odolnost a p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost domorod\u00fdch australsk\u00fdch kultur tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 jazykov\u00e9 a kulturn\u00edmu kontaktu.<\/p>\n\n
Vznik jazyka warlpiri rampaku zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost zachov\u00e1n\u00ed jazykov\u00e9 rozmanitosti. Ohro\u017een\u00e9 jazyky po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b \u010del\u00ed hrozb\u011b vyhynut\u00ed a iniciativy na o\u017eiven\u00ed a dokumentaci t\u011bchto jazyk\u016f jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Jazyk warlpiri rampaku slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednka bohatstv\u00ed a vitality lidsk\u00e9ho jazykov\u00e9ho projevu a pot\u0159eby chr\u00e1nit jej pro budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Zrozen\u00ed jazyka warlpiri rampaku: Nov\u00fd jazyk v australsk\u00e9m vnitrozem\u00ed Ve vzd\u00e1len\u00e9m Severn\u00edm teritoriu v Austr\u00e1lii se vesnice Lajamanu st\u00e1v\u00e1 sv\u011bdkem mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho zrodu nov\u00e9ho jazyka: warlpiri rampaku. Zrod nov\u00e9ho jazyka Jazyk…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3817],"tags":[17533,1145,17531,17530,17532],"class_list":["post-12972","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linguistics","tag-australian-outback","tag-language-evolution","tag-linguistic-innovation","tag-warlpiri-rampaku","tag-language-birth"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12972"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12972\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12973,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12972\/revisions\/12973"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12972"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12972"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}