{"id":13040,"date":"2023-03-21T13:03:33","date_gmt":"2023-03-21T13:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13040"},"modified":"2023-03-21T13:03:33","modified_gmt":"2023-03-21T13:03:33","slug":"kiruna-a-town-on-the-move","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/environmental-science\/kiruna-a-town-on-the-move\/","title":{"rendered":"Kiruna: M\u011bsto v pohybu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kiruna: M\u011bsto v pohybu<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed kv\u016fli roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dolu<\/h2>\n\n

Kiruna, mal\u00e9 m\u011bsto v severn\u00edm \u0160v\u00e9dsku, \u010del\u00ed bezprecedentn\u00ed v\u00fdzv\u011b: roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho podzemn\u00edho dolu na \u017eeleznou rudu na sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159\u00edmo pod jeho z\u00e1klady. Tato expanze hroz\u00ed, \u017ee pohlt\u00ed cel\u00e9 budovy a vys\u00eddl\u00ed tis\u00edce obyvatel. M\u011bsto se v reakci na to vydalo na pozoruhodnou cestu, aby se p\u0159em\u00edstilo o dva kilometry d\u00e1l, cihla po cihle.<\/p>\n\n

Symbi\u00f3za<\/h2>\n\n

Kiruna je ji\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e stolet\u00ed neodd\u011bliteln\u011b spjata s \u017eelezn\u00fdm dolem LKAB, kter\u00fd m\u011bstu poskytoval ekonomickou stabilitu a pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta. Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed dolu v\u0161ak p\u0159edstavuje v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu pro bezpe\u010dnost a budoucnost Kiruny. V roce 2004 spole\u010dnost LKAB ozn\u00e1mila pl\u00e1ny na vyhlouben\u00ed dolu s 60\u00b0 sklonem p\u0159\u00edmo pod m\u011bstem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e by bylo ohro\u017eeno t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 3000 dom\u016f a ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch budov.<\/p>\n\n

Obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

O\u010dividn\u00ed z Kiruny si vybrali druhou mo\u017enost. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed nebylo u\u010din\u011bno lehce, proto\u017ee znamenalo opustit jejich domovy, historii a hlubok\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s touto zem\u00ed. Hrozba ze strany dolu byla v\u0161ak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 velk\u00e1, aby ji bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 ignorovat.<\/p>\n\n

Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00e9 Kiruny<\/h2>\n\n

V roce 2011 zv\u00edt\u011bzil Ateli\u00e9r b\u00edl\u00fdch architekt\u016f ve spolupr\u00e1ci s kancel\u00e1\u0159\u00ed Ghilardi + Hellsten v mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed sout\u011b\u017ei na n\u00e1vrh nov\u00e9 Kiruny. Projekt zahrnoval v\u00edce ne\u017e jen pl\u00e1ny a konceptu\u00e1ln\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed; sna\u017eil se tak\u00e9 vn\u00e9st do ob\u010dan\u016f nad\u011bji a z\u00e1rove\u0148 oslavit minulost. Byl zam\u011bstn\u00e1n soci\u00e1ln\u00ed antropolog, aby pochopil my\u0161len\u00ed komunity a zajistil citliv\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k tomuto delik\u00e1tn\u00edmu \u00fakolu.<\/p>\n\n

Vize pro budoucnost<\/h2>\n\n

Pl\u00e1ny na novou Kirunu zahrnuj\u00ed novou radnici, modern\u00ed centrum m\u011bsta, dostatek ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prostranstv\u00ed a sou\u010dasn\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho bude 21 budov v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho kulturn\u00edho v\u00fdznamu p\u0159esunuto cihla po cihle do nov\u00e9ho m\u011bsta, v\u010detn\u011b stalet\u00e9 c\u00edrkve a \u0161erifova domu.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdzvy a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed Kiruny je slo\u017eit\u00fd a ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed podnik. P\u0159esto\u017ee se st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed dlouho p\u0159ed jak\u00fdmkoli mo\u017en\u00fdm kolapsem, existuje mo\u017enost, \u017ee se m\u011bsto bude muset v budoucnu znovu p\u0159est\u011bhovat. Projekt v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro Kirunu, aby se stala udr\u017eiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed komunitou.<\/p>\n\n

Dopad na komunity po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Zku\u0161enost Kiruny slou\u017e\u00ed jako dojemn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdzev a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed, kdy\u017e se pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd rozvoj prol\u00edn\u00e1 se \u017eivoty lid\u00ed. Kiruna je sice mal\u00e9 m\u011bsto, ale jeho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l inspirovat dal\u0161\u00ed komunity, kter\u00e9 \u010del\u00ed podobn\u00fdm dilemat\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n

Vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed r\u016fstu a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed Kiruny zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho r\u016fstu se spole\u010denskou pohodou a kulturn\u00edm d\u011bdictv\u00edm. Pe\u010dliv\u00fdm zachov\u00e1n\u00edm sv\u00fdch historick\u00fdch budov a podporou pocitu soun\u00e1le\u017eitosti se Kiruna sna\u017e\u00ed zachovat svou jedine\u010dnou identitu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159ijmout udr\u017eitelnou budoucnost.<\/p>\n\n

Obnova a odolnost m\u011bst<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed Kiruny sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o s\u00edle obnovy a odolnosti m\u011bst. Kiruna t\u00edm, \u017ee se aktivn\u011b vypo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1v\u00e1 s v\u00fdzvami spojen\u00fdmi s pr\u016fmyslovou expanz\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed sob\u011b novou budoucnost, kter\u00e1 je jak udr\u017eiteln\u00e1, tak respektuj\u00edc\u00ed jej\u00ed minulost.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kiruna: M\u011bsto v pohybu P\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed kv\u016fli roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dolu Kiruna, mal\u00e9 m\u011bsto v severn\u00edm \u0160v\u00e9dsku, \u010del\u00ed bezprecedentn\u00ed v\u00fdzv\u011b: roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho podzemn\u00edho dolu na \u017eeleznou rudu na sv\u011bt\u011b p\u0159\u00edmo pod jeho z\u00e1klady.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[4552,20093,4086,120],"class_list":["post-13040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-environmental-science","tag-urban-renewal","tag-community-resilience","tag-mining","tag-sustainability"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13040"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15039,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13040\/revisions\/15039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}