Zlat\u00fd \u0159ez, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd \u0159eck\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem f\u00ed (\u03c6), je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo, kter\u00e9 po stalet\u00ed p\u0159itahuje matematiky, um\u011blce a v\u011bdce. Je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b rovno 1,618 a je definov\u00e1no jednoduchou geometrickou vlastnost\u00ed: pokud je \u00fase\u010dka rozd\u011blena na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti tak, \u017ee pom\u011br men\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti je stejn\u00fd jako pom\u011br v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti k celku, pak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee \u00fase\u010dka je rozd\u011blena ve zlat\u00e9m \u0159ezu.<\/p>\n\n
Tento pom\u011br byl pozorov\u00e1n v \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch i um\u011bl\u00fdch forem, od spir\u00e1lov\u00e9ho uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed list\u016f na stonku a\u017e po proporce lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla. Byl tak\u00e9 rozs\u00e1hle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v um\u011bn\u00ed a architektu\u0159e, se slavn\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edklady, jako je Leonardova da Vinciho “Posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159e” a Parthenon v Ath\u00e9n\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n
V posledn\u00edch letech v\u011bdci objevili, \u017ee zlat\u00fd \u0159ez m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t roli tak\u00e9 v dynamice ur\u010dit\u00fdch typ\u016f hv\u011bzd zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako hv\u011bzdy RR Lyrae. Tyto hv\u011bzdy jsou prom\u011bnn\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jejich jas kol\u00eds\u00e1 v \u010dase. Astronomov\u00e9 zjistili, \u017ee pom\u011br prim\u00e1rn\u00ed pulza\u010dn\u00ed frekvence k sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed pulza\u010dn\u00ed frekvenci u t\u011bchto hv\u011bzd je \u010dasto velmi bl\u00edzk\u00fd zlat\u00e9mu \u0159ezu.<\/p>\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdza pulzac\u00ed ve hv\u011bzd\u00e1ch RR Lyrae odhalila dal\u0161\u00ed zaj\u00edmav\u00fd vzor: variabilita ka\u017ed\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pulzace je frakt\u00e1ln\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee kdy\u017e astronomov\u00e9 zkoumaj\u00ed pulzace, objevuj\u00ed st\u00e1le slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vzorce v men\u0161\u00edch a men\u0161\u00edch m\u011b\u0159\u00edtk\u00e1ch. Toto frakt\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed je podobn\u00e9 tomu, co je pozorov\u00e1no ve zvln\u011bn\u00ed pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed nebo v\u011btven\u00ed stromu.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159\u00edtomnost zlat\u00e9ho \u0159ezu v pulzac\u00edch hv\u011bzd RR Lyrae vyvolala vzru\u0161en\u00ed mezi v\u011bdci, proto\u017ee nazna\u010duje mo\u017en\u00e9 spojen\u00ed mezi t\u00edmto z\u00e1kladn\u00edm geometrick\u00fdm pom\u011brem a dynamikou hv\u011bzd. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed skepti\u010dt\u00ed a tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee pozorovan\u00fd pom\u011br by mohl b\u00fdt n\u00e1hoda.<\/p>\n\n
Navzdory nejistot\u011b otev\u0159el objev zlat\u00e9ho \u0159ezu v pulsuj\u00edc\u00edch hv\u011bzd\u00e1ch nov\u00e9 cesty pro v\u00fdzkum. V\u011bdci nyn\u00ed zkoumaj\u00ed, zda tento pom\u011br hraje roli v jin\u00fdch typech hv\u011bzd nebo dokonce v jin\u00fdch astrofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch jevech. Krom\u011b toho by frakt\u00e1ln\u00ed vzorce pozorovan\u00e9 v pulzac\u00edch mohly poskytnout vhled do z\u00e1kladn\u00edch proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00edd\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed hv\u011bzd.<\/p>\n\n
Zlat\u00fd \u0159ez i nad\u00e1le fascinuje a inspiruje v\u011bdce, um\u011blce a matematiky. Jeho objev v pulsuj\u00edc\u00edch hv\u011bzd\u00e1ch sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o v\u0161udyp\u0159\u00edtomnosti tohoto pom\u011bru v p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b. P\u0159esto\u017ee se o v\u00fdznamu tohoto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed st\u00e1le diskutuje, nepochybn\u011b vyvolalo nov\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky a otev\u0159elo nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti astrofyziky.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Zlat\u00fd \u0159ez v pulsuj\u00edc\u00edch hv\u011bzd\u00e1ch Kouzlo zlat\u00e9ho \u0159ezu Zlat\u00fd \u0159ez, ozna\u010dovan\u00fd \u0159eck\u00fdm p\u00edsmenem f\u00ed (\u03c6), je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo, kter\u00e9 po stalet\u00ed p\u0159itahuje matematiky, um\u011blce a v\u011bdce. Je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b rovno 1,618…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[958],"tags":[435,214,17691,5101,17690],"class_list":["post-13102","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astrophysics","tag-astronomy","tag-mathematics","tag-pulsating-stars","tag-natures-patterns","tag-golden-ratio"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13102","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13102"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13102\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13103,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13102\/revisions\/13103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13102"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13102"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13102"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}