{"id":13132,"date":"2021-07-19T03:10:09","date_gmt":"2021-07-19T03:10:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13132"},"modified":"2021-07-19T03:10:09","modified_gmt":"2021-07-19T03:10:09","slug":"caligulas-extravagant-gardens-rediscovered-beneath-italian-apartment-building","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/art\/roman-art\/caligulas-extravagant-gardens-rediscovered-beneath-italian-apartment-building\/","title":{"rendered":"Caligulovy Extravagantn\u00ed Zahrady: Okno do Sv\u011bta \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9ho C\u00edsa\u0159e"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Caligulovy extravagantn\u00ed zahrady: okno do sv\u011bta \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Znovuobjeven\u00e1 zahrada rozko\u0161e<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pod nen\u00e1padn\u00fdm bytov\u00fdm domem v \u0158\u00edm\u011b le\u017e\u00ed skryt\u00fd poklad \u2013 poz\u016fstatky opulentn\u00ed zahrady rozko\u0161e Caliguly, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako Horti Lamiani. Po letech vykop\u00e1vek je tento podzemn\u00ed div p\u0159ipraven otev\u0159\u00edt sv\u00e9 br\u00e1ny ve\u0159ejnosti a nab\u00eddnout pohled do extravagantn\u00edho \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu jednoho z nejpov\u011bstn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch c\u00edsa\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vykop\u00e1vky historie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Archeologov\u00e9 zah\u00e1jili vykop\u00e1vky na m\u00edst\u011b v roce 2006 a odhalili mno\u017estv\u00ed artefakt\u016f, kter\u00e9 vrhaj\u00ed sv\u011btlo na Caligulovu vl\u00e1du. Mezi objevy pat\u0159ily propracovan\u00e9 mramorov\u00e9 podlahy, slo\u017eit\u00e9 fresky a kosti exotick\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at, jako jsou p\u00e1vi, lvi a medv\u011bdi. Tyto n\u00e1lezy vykresluj\u00ed \u017eiv\u00fd obraz c\u00edsa\u0159ova n\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho vkusu a jeho z\u00e1liby v exotick\u00e9 z\u00e1bav\u011b.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mramorov\u00e1 mistrovsk\u00e1 d\u00edla<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejn\u00e1padn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rys\u016f zahrad je rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed mramoru. St\u011bny byly zdobeny slo\u017eit\u00fdmi vzory, vykl\u00e1dan\u00fdmi kousky r\u016fzn\u00fdch barev, co\u017e vytv\u00e1\u0159elo ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed efekt. Toto inovativn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed mramoru dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 um\u011bleckou zru\u010dnost a \u0159emesln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed Caligulovy doby.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Um\u011bleck\u00e9 poklady<\/h2>\n\n<p>Fresky objeven\u00e9 na m\u00edst\u011b p\u0159ekvapily historiky svou vysokou kvalitou a vkusn\u00fdm proveden\u00edm. Na rozd\u00edl od o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, vzhledem k Caligulov\u011b pov\u011bsti prostop\u00e1\u0161n\u00edka, vykazuj\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e1 d\u00edla sofistikovanou a vyt\u0159\u00edbenou estetiku. Tento objev zpochyb\u0148uje tradi\u010dn\u00ed pohled na c\u00edsa\u0159e jako zka\u017een\u00e9ho tyrana.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Caligulovo d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Horti Lamiani p\u016fvodn\u011b objednal bohat\u00fd \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fd sen\u00e1tor Lucius Aelius Lamia. Po jeho smrti byl majetek odk\u00e1z\u00e1n c\u00edsa\u0159i Tiberiovi. Kdy\u017e se Caligula v roce 37 n. l. dostal na tr\u016fn, zd\u011bdil panstv\u00ed a p\u0159em\u011bnil ho na zahradu rozko\u0161e hodnou jeho n\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho stylu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fdst\u0159ednosti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Caligulova vl\u00e1da byla poznamen\u00e1na jak extravaganc\u00ed, tak krutost\u00ed. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se, \u017ee utr\u00e1cel \u0161t\u011bd\u0159e za sv\u00e9 zahrady, v\u010detn\u011b vybudov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159\u00edkilometrov\u00e9ho plovouc\u00edho mostu. Jeho v\u00fdst\u0159edn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed a bizarn\u00ed n\u00e1pady byly p\u0159edm\u011btem mnoha spekulac\u00ed a debat mezi historiky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stra\u0161ideln\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Podle legendy Caligul\u016fv duch pokra\u010doval v pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed zahrad po jeho zavra\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed v roce 41 n. l. Pravda za t\u00edmto tvrzen\u00edm v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 zahalena tajemstv\u00edm. Jist\u00e9 je, \u017ee Horti Lamiani nab\u00edzej\u00ed fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed pohled do \u017eivota a doby jednoho z nejz\u00e1hadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch c\u00edsa\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odhalen\u00ed nov\u00e9 perspektivy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Otev\u0159en\u00ed muzea Nymphaeum na Piazza Vittorio letos na ja\u0159e poskytne n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm jedine\u010dnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost prozkoumat Caligulovu zahradu rozko\u0161e. Tato podzemn\u00ed pokladnice slibuje, \u017ee vrhne nov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na c\u00edsa\u0159ovu povahu a ok\u00e1zal\u00fd sv\u011bt, kter\u00fd si pro sebe vytvo\u0159il.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed informace<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Caligulovo p\u016fvodn\u00ed jm\u00e9no bylo Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159ezd\u00edvka \u201eCaligula\u201c znamen\u00e1 \u201emal\u00e1 bota\u201c a dali mu ji voj\u00e1ci v jeho d\u011btstv\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Caligula trp\u011bl v\u00e1\u017enou nemoc\u00ed na po\u010d\u00e1tku sv\u00e9 vl\u00e1dy, co\u017e mohlo p\u0159isp\u011bt k jeho v\u00fdst\u0159edn\u00edmu chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Navzdory sv\u00e9 pov\u011bsti krutosti byl Caligula zn\u00e1m tak\u00e9 jako mecen\u00e1\u0161 um\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Pretori\u00e1nsk\u00e1 garda, sen\u00e1t a jezdeck\u00fd \u0159\u00e1d se spikly, aby Caligulu zavra\u017edily v roce 41 n. l.<\/li>\n<li>Caligulovy sestry p\u0159inesly jeho t\u011blo do Horti Lamiani a po jeho smrti ho sp\u00e1lily.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Caligulovy extravagantn\u00ed zahrady: okno do sv\u011bta \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e Znovuobjeven\u00e1 zahrada rozko\u0161e Pod nen\u00e1padn\u00fdm bytov\u00fdm domem v \u0158\u00edm\u011b le\u017e\u00ed skryt\u00fd poklad \u2013 poz\u016fstatky opulentn\u00ed zahrady rozko\u0161e Caliguly, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako Horti Lamiani.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17719],"tags":[88,17716,907,17718,7416,17717,620],"class_list":["post-13132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-roman-art","tag-archaeology","tag-caligula","tag-exotic-animals","tag-horti-lamiani","tag-marble","tag-roman-emperor","tag-ancient-rome"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13132"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13132\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13133,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13132\/revisions\/13133"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13132"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}