{"id":13138,"date":"2021-01-27T02:19:01","date_gmt":"2021-01-27T02:19:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13138"},"modified":"2021-01-27T02:19:01","modified_gmt":"2021-01-27T02:19:01","slug":"how-much-space-do-astronauts-need-for-a-mars-mission","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/space-science\/how-much-space-do-astronauts-need-for-a-mars-mission\/","title":{"rendered":"Kolik m\u00edsta pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed astronauti na misi na Mars?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kolik m\u00edsta pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed astronauti pro misi na Mars?<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzva navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed kosmick\u00fdch lod\u00ed pro dlouhodob\u00e9 mise<\/h3>\n\n

Mise s pos\u00e1dkou na Mars byly dlouho snem science fiction, NASA v\u0161ak podnik\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed kroky k tomu, aby se lidsk\u00e1 kolonie na rud\u00e9 planet\u011b stala skute\u010dnost\u00ed. Jednou z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch v\u00fdzev p\u0159i navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed kosmick\u00fdch lod\u00ed pro takov\u00e9 mise je ur\u010dit, kolik prostoru bude ka\u017ed\u00fd astronaut pot\u0159ebovat k \u017eivotu, pr\u00e1ci a prosperit\u011b b\u011bhem m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed cesty.<\/p>\n\n

Kosmick\u00e1 kapsle Orion a pot\u0159eba v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho stanovi\u0161t\u011b<\/h3>\n\n

Kosmick\u00e1 kapsle Orion je navr\u017eena tak, aby dopravila astronauty ze zemsk\u00e9ho povrchu na ob\u011b\u017enou dr\u00e1hu kolem Marsu, ale pro m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed cestu k sousedn\u00ed planet\u011b bude zapot\u0159eb\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed stanovi\u0161t\u011b. N\u00e1vrh tohoto stanovi\u0161t\u011b je st\u00e1le v p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b, ale v\u011bdci hledaj\u00ed vod\u00edtka na Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 stanici (ISS).<\/p>\n\n

Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e1 stanice jako model pro stanovi\u0161t\u011b na Marsu<\/h3>\n\n

ISS nese pos\u00e1dku \u0161esti lid\u00ed a m\u00e1 obytn\u00fd objem 13 696 kubick\u00fdch stop, co\u017e je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e d\u016fm se \u0161esti lo\u017enicemi. Jak\u00e1koli kosmick\u00e1 lo\u010f sm\u011b\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed na Mars v\u0161ak bude mnohem st\u00edsn\u011bn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee hmotnost bude p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b kontrolov\u00e1na kv\u016fli obrovsk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti a po\u017eadavk\u016fm na palivo.<\/p>\n\n

Trackovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m Draper pro astronauty<\/h3>\n\n

Spole\u010dnost s n\u00e1zvem Draper vyvinula sledovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pohybu a rotace astronaut\u016f, kter\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edt k optimalizaci rozvr\u017een\u00ed budouc\u00edch stanovi\u0161\u0165 na Marsu. Syst\u00e9m vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 akcelerometr, gyroskop a kameru k p\u0159esn\u00e9mu sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pohyb\u016f a \u010dinnost\u00ed astronaut\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Testov\u00e1n\u00ed sledovac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu v maket\u00e1ch a mikrogravitaci<\/h3>\n\n

Sledovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m byl testov\u00e1n v maket\u00e1ch ISS a v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch mikrogravitace b\u011bhem parabolick\u00fdch let\u016f. Testy uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee syst\u00e9m je p\u0159esn\u00fd na jeden yard a o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho p\u0159esnost je\u0161t\u011b zlep\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Budouc\u00ed pl\u00e1ny pro sledovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m<\/h3>\n\n

Pozd\u011bji v tomto roce pl\u00e1nuje Draper simulovat typick\u00fd pracovn\u00ed den na ISS pomoc\u00ed makety Johnson Space Center. Sledovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m bude pou\u017eit ke shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed dat o pohybu a \u010dinnostech astronaut\u016f, kter\u00e1 budou pou\u017eita k vylad\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu budouc\u00edch stanovi\u0161\u0165 na Marsu.<\/p>\n\n

Dlouhodob\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny NASA pro mise na Mars<\/h3>\n\n

Pl\u00e1nem NASA je vyslat misi s pos\u00e1dkou na Mars ve 30. nebo 40. letech tohoto stolet\u00ed. Sledovac\u00ed syst\u00e9m je jen jednou z mnoha technologi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se vyv\u00edjej\u00ed na podporu tohoto ambici\u00f3zn\u00edho c\u00edle. Pe\u010dliv\u00fdm zv\u00e1\u017een\u00edm pot\u0159eb astronaut\u016f a optimalizac\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu kosmick\u00fdch lod\u00ed se NASA sna\u017e\u00ed splnit sen o lidsk\u00e9 kolonii na Marsu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kolik m\u00edsta pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed astronauti pro misi na Mars? V\u00fdzva navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed kosmick\u00fdch lod\u00ed pro dlouhodob\u00e9 mise Mise s pos\u00e1dkou na Mars byly dlouho snem science fiction, NASA v\u0161ak podnik\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed kroky…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[476],"tags":[17725,15309,17724,434,17726],"class_list":["post-13138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-space-science","tag-spacecraft-design","tag-mars-mission","tag-astronaut-needs","tag-space-exploration","tag-tracking-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13138"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13139,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13138\/revisions\/13139"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}