{"id":13302,"date":"2022-02-18T16:39:49","date_gmt":"2022-02-18T16:39:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13302"},"modified":"2022-02-18T16:39:49","modified_gmt":"2022-02-18T16:39:49","slug":"1967-solar-storm-cold-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/space-science\/1967-solar-storm-cold-war\/","title":{"rendered":"Slune\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1lem odstartovala studenou v\u00e1lku"},"content":{"rendered":"

Slune\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1lem zp\u016fsobila vypuknut\u00ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky<\/h2>\n\n

Historick\u00fd kontext<\/h2>\n\n

Uprost\u0159ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, na konci kv\u011btna 1967, do\u0161lo k s\u00e9rii masivn\u00edch slune\u010dn\u00edch bou\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyslaly sm\u011brem k Zemi tlakov\u00e9 vlny. Tyto bou\u0159e p\u0159edstavovaly v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu, proto\u017ee b\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut po n\u00e1razu zablokovaly americk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 radiosign\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n\n

Nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 situace<\/h2>\n\n

V dob\u011b vrchol\u00edc\u00ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky mohla b\u00fdt jak\u00e1koli porucha vojensk\u00e9 komunikace interpretov\u00e1na jako akt agrese, co\u017e by potenci\u00e1ln\u011b mohlo vyvolat katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed reakci. Uk\u00e1zalo se v\u0161ak, \u017ee program monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed, kter\u00fd americk\u00e9 letectvo zavedlo o n\u011bkolik let d\u0159\u00edve, m\u00e1 nevy\u010d\u00edslitelnou hodnotu.<\/p>\n\n

Dopad slune\u010dn\u00edch bou\u0159\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Slune\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e v roce 1967 pat\u0159ily k nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm, jak\u00e9 kdy byly zaznamen\u00e1ny, a uvolnily nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed r\u00e1diov\u00e9 z\u00e1blesky 20. stolet\u00ed. Zp\u016fsobily spektakul\u00e1rn\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00e9 byly viditeln\u00e9 a\u017e na jih jako Nov\u00e9 Mexiko a st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropa.<\/p>\n\n

Role p\u0159edpov\u011bdi kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Program monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed umo\u017enil vojensk\u00fdm p\u0159edstavitel\u016fm spr\u00e1vn\u011b identifikovat zdroj r\u00e1diov\u00e9ho ru\u0161en\u00ed jako slune\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159i, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zabr\u00e1nil potenci\u00e1ln\u011b katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed chybn\u00e9 interpretaci. Tato ud\u00e1lost znamenala zrod modern\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bda za slune\u010dn\u00edmi bou\u0159emi<\/h2>\n\n

Slune\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e jsou zp\u016fsobeny slune\u010dn\u00edmi erupcemi, v\u00fdbuchy elektromagnetick\u00e9 energie, kter\u00e9 naru\u0161uj\u00ed magnetick\u00e1 pole Zem\u011b. Tato naru\u0161en\u00ed mohou v\u00e9st k geomagnetick\u00fdm bou\u0159\u00edm, kter\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt \u0159adu \u00fa\u010dink\u016f na na\u0161i planetu.<\/p>\n\n

Pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e<\/h2>\n\n

Bou\u0159e v roce 1967 vyvolaly \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e pol\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159e byla viditeln\u00e1 a\u017e na jih jako severn\u00ed Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Tyto nebesk\u00e9 \u00fakazy jsou zp\u016fsobeny nabit\u00fdmi \u010d\u00e1sticemi ze slune\u010dn\u00edho v\u011btru, kter\u00e9 interaguj\u00ed se zemskou atmosf\u00e9rou.<\/p>\n\n

Mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky dnes<\/h2>\n\n

Pokud by dnes do\u0161lo k podobn\u00e9 bou\u0159i, mohly by b\u00fdt d\u016fsledky mnohem z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Byly by naru\u0161eny jednotky GPS, co\u017e by mohlo ovlivnit v\u0161e od navigace chytr\u00fdch telefon\u016f a\u017e po finan\u010dn\u00ed transakce. Letadla by mohla ztratit r\u00e1diov\u00fd kontakt a transform\u00e1tory elektrick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b by se mohly p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t, co\u017e by zp\u016fsobilo rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 v\u00fdpadky proudu.<\/p>\n\n

Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Od bou\u0159\u00ed v roce 1967 v\u011bdci vyvinuli s\u00ed\u0165 satelit\u016f pro monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed a pozorovac\u00edch kosmick\u00fdch lod\u00ed. Tyto p\u0159\u00edstroje nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b monitoruj\u00ed Slunce, co\u017e v\u011bdc\u016fm umo\u017e\u0148uje l\u00e9pe p\u0159edpov\u00eddat slune\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e a vyd\u00e1vat varov\u00e1n\u00ed vojensk\u00fdm a provozovatel\u016fm elektrick\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

St\u00e1rnouc\u00ed infrastruktura<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee jsme ve sledov\u00e1n\u00ed kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed dos\u00e1hli zna\u010dn\u00e9ho pokroku, mnoho satelit\u016f a kosmick\u00fdch lod\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch pro tento \u00fa\u010del st\u00e1rne a vy\u017eaduje modernizaci. Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed je nezbytn\u00e9 pro udr\u017een\u00ed t\u011bchto \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam informovanosti<\/h2>\n\n

Ve\u0159ejnost \u010dasto pova\u017euje v\u00fdhody p\u0159edpov\u011bdi kosmick\u00e9ho po\u010das\u00ed za samoz\u0159ejmost. Ud\u00e1losti z roku 1967 slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednka, \u017ee slune\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e mohou m\u00edt hlubok\u00fd dopad na na\u0161i spole\u010dnost. Pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdzkum a monitorovac\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed rizik spojen\u00fdch s t\u011bmito nebesk\u00fdmi jevy.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Slune\u010dn\u00ed bou\u0159e, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1lem zp\u016fsobila vypuknut\u00ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky Historick\u00fd kontext Uprost\u0159ed studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, na konci kv\u011btna 1967, do\u0161lo k s\u00e9rii masivn\u00edch slune\u010dn\u00edch bou\u0159\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyslaly sm\u011brem k Zemi tlakov\u00e9 vlny.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[476],"tags":[35,6870,17938,770,1242],"class_list":["post-13302","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-space-science","tag-science-history","tag-space-weather","tag-solar-storm","tag-cold-war","tag-military-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13302","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13302"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13302\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13303,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13302\/revisions\/13303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}