{"id":13416,"date":"2022-02-21T14:05:22","date_gmt":"2022-02-21T14:05:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13416"},"modified":"2022-02-21T14:05:22","modified_gmt":"2022-02-21T14:05:22","slug":"honeybees-for-land-mine-detection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/honeybees-for-land-mine-detection\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9: P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed detektory min"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9: P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed detektory min<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdcvik v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch k detekci pozemn\u00edch min<\/h2>\n\n<p>V Chorvatsku v\u011bdci vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed novou metodu detekce pozemn\u00edch min, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd \u010dich v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch. Pozemn\u00ed miny, kter\u00e9 jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za bezpo\u010det civiln\u00edch ob\u011bt\u00ed, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed zna\u010dnou hrozbu pro spole\u010dnosti po konfliktech. Tradi\u010dn\u00ed metody odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed min zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed psy a krysy mohou b\u00fdt ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 a riskantn\u00ed, proto\u017ee hmotnost t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at m\u016f\u017ee spustit citliv\u00e9 miny.<\/p>\n\n<p>V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sv\u00fdm v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdm \u010dichem, se uk\u00e1zaly jako slibn\u00ed kandid\u00e1ti pro hled\u00e1n\u00ed min. V\u011bdci vyvinuli v\u00fdcvikovou techniku, kter\u00e1 spojuje v\u016fni TNT, v\u00fdbu\u0161niny b\u011b\u017en\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v pozemn\u00edch min\u00e1ch, s potravou. Opakovan\u00fdm p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm v\u010del\u00e1m cukern\u00e9ho roztoku sm\u00edchan\u00e9ho s TNT vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed silnou spojitost mezi z\u00e1pachem v\u00fdbu\u0161niny a pozitivn\u00ed odm\u011bnou.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Detekce pozemn\u00edch min v praxi<\/h2>\n\n<p>Po v\u00fdcviku lze v\u010dely medonosn\u00e9 nasadit k vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed pozemn\u00edch min. Jsou vybaveny mal\u00fdmi senzory, kter\u00e9 detekuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost \u010d\u00e1stic TNT ve vzduchu. Kdy\u017e v\u010dela lokalizuje minu, signalizuje p\u0159\u00edtomnost v\u00fdbu\u0161niny proveden\u00edm specifick\u00e9ho tane\u010dn\u00edho vzoru, kter\u00fd upozor\u0148uje psovody na jej\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdhody pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch pro detekci min<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed oproti jin\u00fdm metod\u00e1m detekce min n\u011bkolik v\u00fdhod:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>N\u00edzk\u00e1 hmotnost:<\/strong> V\u010dely mohou l\u00e9tat nad minov\u00fdmi poli, ani\u017e by je spustily.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed:<\/strong> V\u00fdcvik a \u00fadr\u017eba v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch je levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e pou\u017eit\u00ed ps\u016f nebo krys.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00da\u010dinn\u00e9:<\/strong> V\u010dely mohou rychle a efektivn\u011b pokr\u00fdt velk\u00e9 plochy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Neinvazivn\u00ed:<\/strong> V\u010dely nepo\u0161kozuj\u00ed okoln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed ani neru\u0161\u00ed divokou zv\u011b\u0159.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u016fsledky pozemn\u00edch min<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pozemn\u00ed miny maj\u00ed ni\u010div\u00fd dopad na obyvatelstvo, zejm\u00e9na v regionech posti\u017een\u00fdch konflikty. Zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed nespo\u010det zran\u011bn\u00ed a \u00famrt\u00ed a \u010dasto se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na civilisty, v\u010detn\u011b \u017een a d\u011bt\u00ed. Krom\u011b sv\u00e9 bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed ni\u010div\u00e9 s\u00edly vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed pozemn\u00ed miny d\u011bdictv\u00ed strachu, kter\u00e9 naru\u0161uje spole\u010densk\u00fd a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd rozvoj.<\/p>\n\n<p>Br\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k p\u016fd\u011b pro zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, pastvu a dal\u0161\u00ed nezbytn\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, \u010d\u00edm\u017e prodlu\u017euj\u00ed chudobu a vys\u00eddlen\u00ed. Pozemn\u00ed miny p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 psychologickou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e pro komunity, vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed pocit nejistoty a omezuj\u00ed jejich schopnost obnovit si sv\u00e9 \u017eivoty.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch v humanit\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010dinnosti zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na odstran\u011bn\u00ed min<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9 maj\u00ed potenci\u00e1l sehr\u00e1t z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch \u010dinnostech zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na odstran\u011bn\u00ed min. T\u00edm, \u017ee poskytuj\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00fd a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd prost\u0159edek pro detekci pozemn\u00edch min, mohou pomoci vy\u010distit kontaminovan\u00e9 oblasti a u\u010dinit je bezpe\u010dn\u00fdmi pro lidsk\u00e9 os\u00eddlen\u00ed a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd rozvoj.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch p\u0159i detekci min je st\u00e1le v po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch, ale prvn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky jsou slibn\u00e9. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee v\u011bdci neust\u00e1le zdokonaluj\u00ed v\u00fdcvikov\u00e9 techniky a vyv\u00edjej\u00ed specializovan\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed, mohou se v\u010dely medonosn\u00e9 st\u00e1t nepostradateln\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem v boji proti pozemn\u00edm min\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhody v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch<\/h2>\n\n<p>Krom\u011b sv\u00e9 role p\u0159i detekci min poskytuj\u00ed v\u010dely medonosn\u00e9 mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdhod pro ekosyst\u00e9my a lidsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Opilov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/strong> V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9 hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i opilov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin a p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed tak ke sv\u011btov\u00e9 potravinov\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Produkce medu:<\/strong> V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9 produkuj\u00ed med, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed sladidlo s l\u00e9\u010div\u00fdmi vlastnostmi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Biodiverzita:<\/strong> V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu dal\u0161\u00edch hmyz\u016f a \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou na nich z\u00e1visl\u00ed jako na zdroji potravy a \u00fakrytu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Vyu\u017eit\u00edm jedine\u010dn\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch m\u016f\u017eeme nejen \u0159e\u0161it hrozbu pozemn\u00edch min, ale tak\u00e9 podporovat environment\u00e1ln\u00ed udr\u017eitelnost a lidskou pohodu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u010dely medonosn\u00e9: P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed detektory min V\u00fdcvik v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch k detekci pozemn\u00edch min V Chorvatsku v\u011bdci vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed novou metodu detekce pozemn\u00edch min, kter\u00e1 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fd \u010dich v\u010del medonosn\u00fdch. Pozemn\u00ed miny, kter\u00e9&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[18086,395,18084,18085,2978,2976],"class_list":["post-13416","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-animal-behavior-training","tag-biodiversity","tag-land-mine-detection","tag-humanitarian-mine-action","tag-pollination","tag-honeybees"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13416"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13417,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13416\/revisions\/13417"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}