{"id":13482,"date":"2025-10-03T07:25:26","date_gmt":"2025-10-03T07:25:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13482"},"modified":"2025-10-03T07:25:26","modified_gmt":"2025-10-03T07:25:26","slug":"most-threatened-iraqi-treasures","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/art\/cultural-heritage\/most-threatened-iraqi-treasures\/","title":{"rendered":"Irack\u00e9 poklady v ohro\u017een\u00ed: Muzea varuj\u00ed p\u0159ed zni\u010den\u00edm!"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Muzea vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed seznam nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ir\u00e1ck\u00fdch poklad\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Starov\u011bk\u00e9 artefakty v oble\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco Isl\u00e1msk\u00fd st\u00e1t rozs\u00e9v\u00e1 zk\u00e1zu po cel\u00e9m Ir\u00e1ku, objevila se tich\u00e1 a nenahraditeln\u00e1 ob\u011b\u0165: starov\u011bk\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed artefakty. V reakci na to Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed rada muze\u00ed (ICOM) sestavila seznam kulturn\u00edch objekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou nejv\u00edce ohro\u017eeny, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zraniteln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di zni\u010den\u00ed a rabov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010cerven\u00fd seznam ICOM pro Ir\u00e1k<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u010cerven\u00fd seznam ICOM pro Ir\u00e1k identifikuje sedm typ\u016f kulturn\u00edch objekt\u016f, kter\u00fdm bezprost\u0159edn\u011b hroz\u00ed nebezpe\u010d\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kamenn\u00e9 desky<\/li>\n<li>Starov\u011bk\u00e9 hlin\u011bn\u00e9 figurky<\/li>\n<li>Alabastrov\u00e9 sochy<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159edisl\u00e1msk\u00e9 mince<\/li>\n<li>Rukopisy<\/li>\n<li>\u0160perky<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 artefakty<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Tyto polo\u017eky, i kdy\u017e je\u0161t\u011b nebyly odcizeny, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed druhy zbo\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm pr\u00e1vem a jsou c\u00edlem skupin jako Isl\u00e1msk\u00fd st\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kulturn\u00ed \u010distka: strategie vymaz\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jean-Luc Martinez, \u0159editel Louvru, popisuje \u010diny Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu jako strategii &#8220;kulturn\u00ed \u010distky&#8221;, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je vymazat cel\u00e9 segmenty lidsk\u00e9 historie. Zni\u010den\u00edm men\u0161in a neoceniteln\u00fdch d\u011bl kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed se skupina sna\u017e\u00ed vymazat samotnou strukturu ir\u00e1ck\u00e9 civilizace.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rabov\u00e1n\u00ed jako zdroj financov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rabov\u00e1n\u00ed hraje \u00fast\u0159edn\u00ed roli ve financov\u00e1n\u00ed operac\u00ed Isl\u00e1msk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu. Odborn\u00edci odhaduj\u00ed, \u017ee ukraden\u00e9 staro\u017eitnosti jsou druh\u00fdm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm zdrojem p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f skupiny po rop\u011b. Nez\u00e1konn\u00e9 obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed s kulturn\u00edmi artefakty poskytuje organizaci prost\u0159edky na n\u00e1kup zbran\u00ed, n\u00e1bor bojovn\u00edk\u016f a udr\u017een\u00ed jej\u00edho teroru.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce v boji proti nez\u00e1konn\u00e9mu obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>ICOM spolupracuje s donucovac\u00edmi org\u00e1ny po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b na sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a znovuz\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed odcizen\u00fdch artefakt\u016f. \u010cerven\u00e9 seznamy organizace se uk\u00e1zaly jako neoceniteln\u00e9 p\u0159i pomoci \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm p\u0159i identifikaci a repatriaci uloupen\u00fdch poklad\u016f. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159edchoz\u00ed \u010derven\u00fd seznam pro Ir\u00e1k pomohl z\u00edskat 13 starov\u011bk\u00fdch mezopotamsk\u00fdch objekt\u016f, zat\u00edmco podobn\u00fd seznam usnadnil z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed tis\u00edc\u016f ukraden\u00fdch d\u011bl z N\u00e1rodn\u00edho muzea v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zamezen\u00ed ni\u010den\u00ed a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ochrana zraniteln\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch objekt\u016f b\u011bhem konflikt\u016f je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zachov\u00e1n\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 historie a kulturn\u00ed rozmanitosti. Muzea, vl\u00e1dy a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i ochran\u011b t\u011bchto poklad\u016f:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u010derven\u00fdch seznam\u016f:<\/strong> \u010cerven\u00e9 seznamy poskytuj\u00ed komplexn\u00ed p\u0159ehled ohro\u017een\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch objekt\u016f a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed org\u00e1n\u016fm \u010dinn\u00fdm v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159i identifikaci a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed odcizen\u00fdch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zlep\u0161en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed:<\/strong> Muzea a archeologick\u00e1 nalezi\u0161t\u011b by m\u011bla zav\u00e9st robustn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed, aby odradila od rabov\u00e1n\u00ed a chr\u00e1nila artefakty.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed:<\/strong> Kampan\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho pov\u011bdom\u00ed mohou vzd\u011bl\u00e1vat komunity o d\u016fle\u017eitosti ochrany kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed a d\u016fsledc\u00edch nez\u00e1konn\u00e9ho obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Podpora mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce:<\/strong> Spolupr\u00e1ce mezi n\u00e1rody je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro boj proti p\u0159eshrani\u010dn\u00edmu obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed odcizen\u00fdch artefakt\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy \u00fasp\u011bchu p\u0159i znovuz\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed artefakt\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u010cerven\u00e9 seznamy ICOM m\u011bly hmatateln\u00fd dopad na znovuz\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ukraden\u00fdch artefakt\u016f. V roce 2012 pomohl \u010derven\u00fd seznam pro Ir\u00e1k \u00fa\u0159ad\u016fm z\u00edskat 13 starov\u011bk\u00fdch mezopotamsk\u00fdch objekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly uloupeny z nalezi\u0161\u0165 po cel\u00e9 zemi. Podobn\u011b \u010derven\u00fd seznam pro Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n pomohl z\u00edskat tis\u00edce ukraden\u00fdch d\u011bl z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta po rabov\u00e1n\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00edho muzea Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tyto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy \u00fasp\u011bchu dokazuj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitost mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce a s\u00edlu \u010derven\u00fdch seznam\u016f p\u0159i ochran\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch objekt\u016f. Spoluprac\u00ed mohou muzea, donucovac\u00ed org\u00e1ny a vl\u00e1dy chr\u00e1nit poklady lidsk\u00e9 historie pro budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Muzea vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed seznam nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ir\u00e1ck\u00fdch poklad\u016f Starov\u011bk\u00e9 artefakty v oble\u017een\u00ed Zat\u00edmco Isl\u00e1msk\u00fd st\u00e1t rozs\u00e9v\u00e1 zk\u00e1zu po cel\u00e9m Ir\u00e1ku, objevila se tich\u00e1 a nenahraditeln\u00e1 ob\u011b\u0165: starov\u011bk\u00e9 kulturn\u00ed artefakty. V reakci na&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25017,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1166],"tags":[18174,836,5181,89,18175,241,18176,16120,18177],"class_list":["post-13482","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultural-heritage","tag-icom","tag-iraq","tag-isis","tag-cultural-heritage","tag-looting","tag-museums","tag-red-list","tag-ancient-artifacts","tag-threatened-objects"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13482","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13482"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13482\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25018,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13482\/revisions\/25018"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13482"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13482"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13482"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}