{"id":13505,"date":"2024-09-02T06:13:46","date_gmt":"2024-09-02T06:13:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13505"},"modified":"2024-09-02T06:13:46","modified_gmt":"2024-09-02T06:13:46","slug":"migrating-moths-as-fast-as-songbirds-over-long-distances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/migrating-moths-as-fast-as-songbirds-over-long-distances\/","title":{"rendered":"Migruj\u00edc\u00ed m\u016fry: Stejn\u011b rychl\u00e9 jako p\u011bvci, ale jak?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Migruj\u00edc\u00ed m\u016fry: Stejn\u011b rychl\u00e9 jako p\u011bvci na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti<\/h2>\n\n

Migrace na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh dvou cestovatel\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Kdy\u017e dojde na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 sprinty, p\u011bvci snadno p\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed m\u016fry. Na dlouh\u00fdch vzd\u00e1lenostech se v\u0161ak karta obrac\u00ed. M\u016fry, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad m\u016fra st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e1 Ypsilon, dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed dr\u017eet krok s p\u011bvci b\u011bhem sv\u00fdch pozoruhodn\u00fdch migrac\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

No\u010dn\u00ed navig\u00e1to\u0159i: Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed cesty<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku a Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii se pustili do studie, aby odhalili tajemstv\u00ed migrace na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti u m\u016fr i p\u011bvc\u016f. Pomoc\u00ed specializovan\u00e9ho radaru pe\u010dliv\u011b sledovali m\u016fry st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9 Ypsilon v Anglii a p\u011bvce ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku b\u011bhem jejich no\u010dn\u00edch jarn\u00edch a podzimn\u00edch migrac\u00ed od roku 1999 do roku 2008.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9 podobnosti: Rychlost vzduchu vs. rychlost zem\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Zat\u00edmco rychlost vzduchu pt\u00e1k\u016f byla t\u0159ikr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u m\u016fr, jejich rychlost zem\u011b \u2013 skute\u010dn\u00e1 vzd\u00e1lenost ujet\u00e1 po zemi \u2013 byla pozoruhodn\u011b podobn\u00e1. Ob\u011b skupiny cestovaly pr\u016fm\u011brnou rychlost\u00ed 18 a\u017e 40 mil za hodinu.<\/p>\n\n

\u201eP\u0159ekvapilo n\u00e1s p\u0159ekr\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed v rychlostech cestov\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl Jason Chapman, spoluautor studie z Rothamsted Research ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii. \u201ePr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 rychlosti byly t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 toto\u017en\u00e9, skute\u010dn\u011b neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd n\u00e1lez.\u201c<\/p>\n\n

Zadn\u00ed v\u00edtr a v\u00fd\u0161ka: Pos\u00edlen\u00ed migrace m\u016fr<\/h2>\n\n

M\u016fry vyvinuly chytr\u00e9 strategie, jak kompenzovat svou pomalej\u0161\u00ed rychlost vzduchu. Trp\u011bliv\u011b \u010dekaj\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fd zadn\u00ed v\u00edtr nebo stoupaj\u00ed do v\u00fd\u0161ek s rychlej\u0161\u00edmi vzdu\u0161n\u00fdmi proudy a efektivn\u011b se tak vezou ke sv\u00e9mu c\u00edli.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00edla k\u0159\u00eddel: V\u00fdhoda p\u011bvc\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

P\u011bvci se naopak spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na sv\u00e1 siln\u00e1 k\u0159\u00eddla, kter\u00e1 je \u017eenou vp\u0159ed. Na rozd\u00edl od m\u016fr jsou m\u00e9n\u011b z\u00e1visl\u00ed na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch faktorech a mohou navigovat svou trasu p\u0159\u00edmo\u010da\u0159eji.<\/p>\n\n

R\u016fzn\u00e9 tahy pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 jedince<\/h2>\n\n

M\u016fry a p\u011bvci mohou sd\u00edlet stejn\u00e9 migra\u010dn\u00ed trasy, ale jejich p\u0159\u00edstupy jsou zcela odli\u0161n\u00e9. M\u016fry vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed environment\u00e1ln\u00ed faktory, zat\u00edmco p\u011bvci spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na svou vlastn\u00ed fyzickou zdatnost.<\/p>\n\n

Vytrvalost a odolnost: Kl\u00ed\u010d k \u00fasp\u011bchu<\/h2>\n\n

Migrace na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti je d\u016fkazem vytrvalosti a odolnosti m\u016fr i p\u011bvc\u016f. Tito tvorov\u00e9 maj\u00ed vrozenou schopnost navigovat na velk\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti, p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky a dos\u00e1hnout sv\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f navzdory v\u0161em p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159ijet\u00ed rozmanitosti: Kr\u00e1sa p\u0159\u00edrody<\/h2>\n\n

Kontrastn\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00ed strategie m\u016fr a p\u011bvc\u016f zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed pozoruhodnou rozmanitost cestovatel\u016f p\u0159\u00edrody. Od jemn\u00e9ho m\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddel m\u016fry a\u017e po ladn\u00e9 vzn\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed se p\u011bvce m\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd tvor sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 adaptace pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed a \u00fasp\u011bch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Migruj\u00edc\u00ed m\u016fry: Stejn\u011b rychl\u00e9 jako p\u011bvci na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti Migrace na dlouh\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh dvou cestovatel\u016f Kdy\u017e dojde na kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 sprinty, p\u011bvci snadno p\u0159ed\u010d\u00ed m\u016fry. Na dlouh\u00fdch vzd\u00e1lenostech se v\u0161ak…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24217,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[740,18210,186,18208,252,97,18209],"class_list":["post-13505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zoology","tag-biology","tag-long-distance-travel","tag-migration","tag-moths","tag-nature","tag-science","tag-songbirds"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13505","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13505"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13505\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24218,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13505\/revisions\/24218"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24217"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13505"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13505"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13505"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}