V roce 1936 p\u0159icestovala do San Francisca Su Lin, t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed ml\u00e1d\u011b velk\u00e9 pandy, a stala se tak prvn\u00edm z\u00e1stupcem sv\u00e9ho druhu, kter\u00fd kdy stanul na americk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b. V n\u00e1ru\u010d\u00ed prominentky Ruth Harknessov\u00e9 si Su Lin z\u00edskala srdce cel\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda. Jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjezd odstartoval pand\u00ed m\u00e1nii, kter\u00e1 se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila po cel\u00e9 zemi.<\/p>\n\n
Zoologick\u00e9 zahrady tou\u017eily po t\u011bchto exotick\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159atech a odchyt\u00e1valy je z voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody, aby uspokojily rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vku. Na konci 30. let 20. stolet\u00ed byla “pand\u00ed \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed” v pln\u00e9m proudu. Celebrity i oby\u010dejn\u00ed lid\u00e9 se hrnuli, aby spat\u0159ili tato rozko\u0161n\u00e1 stvo\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Sv\u011btov\u00fd fond na ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody (WWF) zaznamenal, \u017ee v letech 1936 a\u017e 1946 odchytili cizinci z \u010c\u00edny 14 pand. V reakci na to \u010c\u00edna uzav\u0159ela sv\u00e9 hranice zahrani\u010dn\u00edm lovc\u016fm pand. Po\u010d\u00e1tkem 50. let 20. stolet\u00ed se populace pandy v Americe sn\u00ed\u017eila na nulu.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 1957 za\u010dala \u010c\u00edna pou\u017e\u00edvat pandy jako diplomatick\u00e9 dary. Ping Ping, prvn\u00ed panda, kter\u00e1 opustila zemi po komunistick\u00e9 revoluci, byla posl\u00e1na do Sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho svazu. Ping Ping\u016fv zdravotn\u00ed stav se v\u0161ak kv\u016fli drsn\u00e9mu klimatu v Moskv\u011b zhor\u0161il.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 1972 historick\u00e1 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva prezidenta Richarda Nixona v \u010c\u00edn\u011b otev\u0159ela cestu k n\u00e1vratu pandy do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Ling-Ling a Hsing-Hsing byly darov\u00e1ny Americe a staly se milovan\u00fdmi obyvateli N\u00e1rodn\u00ed zoo.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159esto\u017ee Ling-Ling a Hsing-Hsing v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let porodily p\u011bt ml\u00e1\u010fat, jejich potomci nep\u0159e\u017eili d\u00e9le ne\u017e n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed. V\u011bdci ze Smithsonianu zkoumali jejich rozmno\u017eovac\u00ed n\u00e1vyky a dos\u00e1hli zna\u010dn\u00e9ho pokroku v porozum\u011bn\u00ed biologii pandy.<\/p>\n\n
Od poloviny 80. let minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed \u010c\u00edna p\u016fj\u010duje pandy zahrani\u010dn\u00edm zem\u00edm na programy spolupr\u00e1ce p\u0159i chovu. Mei Xiang a Tian Tian z N\u00e1rodn\u00ed zoo zplodily t\u0159i p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00ed ml\u00e1\u010fata: Tai Shan, Bao Bao a Bei Bei. Tyto programy hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v ochran\u011b pandy.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 2016 byly velk\u00e9 pandy vy\u0161krtnuty ze seznamu ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f d\u00edky zachov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Ochran\u00e1\u0159i v\u0161ak zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee pandy jsou st\u00e1le ohro\u017eeny a vy\u017eaduj\u00ed trvalou ochranu.<\/p>\n\n
Konzervativn\u00ed ekolog Stuart Pimm zd\u016fraz\u0148uje d\u016fle\u017eitost pand v zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch jako zp\u016fsob, jak zapojit ve\u0159ejnost do ochrany. Jejich roztomil\u00fd vzhled upout\u00e1 pozornost a podporuje empatii k ochran\u011b divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n
Etick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky dr\u017een\u00ed pand v zajet\u00ed vyvolaly debatu. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zoologick\u00e9 zahrady poskytuj\u00ed pand\u00e1m bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a kontrolovan\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopad na jejich pohodu a p\u0159irozen\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed o z\u00e1chranu pandy p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky, jak dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 jejich zlep\u0161en\u00fd stav ochrany. V\u00fdzvy, jako je ztr\u00e1ta p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a zm\u011bna klimatu, v\u0161ak tato milovan\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata st\u00e1le ohro\u017euj\u00ed. Ochran\u00e1\u0159i a v\u011bdci jsou i nad\u00e1le odhodl\u00e1ni zajistit budouc\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed velk\u00fdch pand.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Dlouh\u00e1 a okouzluj\u00edc\u00ed historie pandy v Americe P\u0159\u00edjezd prvn\u00ed velk\u00e9 pandy V roce 1936 p\u0159icestovala do San Francisca Su Lin, t\u0159\u00ed m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed ml\u00e1d\u011b velk\u00e9 pandy, a stala se tak prvn\u00edm…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[405],"tags":[3277,254,401,18252,1531,741],"class_list":["post-13544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-wildlife-conservation","tag-china","tag-wildlife","tag-conservation","tag-pandas","tag-united-states","tag-zoology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13544"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13545,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13544\/revisions\/13545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}