{"id":13548,"date":"2019-11-14T21:36:32","date_gmt":"2019-11-14T21:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13548"},"modified":"2019-11-14T21:36:32","modified_gmt":"2019-11-14T21:36:32","slug":"ancient-egyptian-pet-cemetery-berenice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/archaeology\/ancient-egyptian-pet-cemetery-berenice\/","title":{"rendered":"Starov\u011bk\u00fd egyptsk\u00fd zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed h\u0159bitov: Okno do vztahu mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a zv\u00ed\u0159etem"},"content":{"rendered":"

Starov\u011bk\u00fd egyptsk\u00fd zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed h\u0159bitov: Okno do vztahu mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a zv\u00ed\u0159etem<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159ehled<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 2 000 lety, v \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Berenice v Egypt\u011b, bylo se zv\u00ed\u0159aty zach\u00e1zeno s pozoruhodnou p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed a \u00factou. Velk\u00fd zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed h\u0159bitov objeven\u00fd pobl\u00ed\u017e m\u011bstsk\u00fdch hradeb poskytuje fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed vhled do vztahu mezi lidmi a zv\u00ed\u0159aty ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m Egypt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Berenick\u00fd zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed h\u0159bitov<\/h2>\n\n

Vykop\u00e1vky na zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edm h\u0159bitov\u011b v Berenice odhalily poz\u016fstatky v\u00edce ne\u017e 585 zv\u00ed\u0159at, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ko\u010dek, ps\u016f a opic. Mnoho zv\u00ed\u0159at bylo poh\u0159beno v individu\u00e1ln\u00edch hrobech, \u010dasto zdoben\u00fdch obojky, n\u00e1hrdeln\u00edky a dal\u0161\u00edmi ozdobn\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty. N\u011bkter\u00e1 byla dokonce pokryta l\u00e1tkami nebo st\u0159epy keramiky, co\u017e p\u0159ipom\u00ednalo jak\u00fdsi sarkof\u00e1g.<\/p>\n\n

P\u00e9\u010de o zv\u00ed\u0159ata ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m Egypt\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Poh\u0159by v Berenice nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee sta\u0159\u00ed Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 poskytovali sv\u00fdm mazl\u00ed\u010dk\u016fm v\u00fdjime\u010dnou p\u00e9\u010di. Anal\u00fdza zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch ostatk\u016f ukazuje, \u017ee byla dob\u0159e \u017eivena a l\u00e9\u010dena ze zran\u011bn\u00ed a nemoc\u00ed. Bezzub\u00ed mazl\u00ed\u010dci dost\u00e1vali speci\u00e1ln\u00ed diety, aby bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno jejich p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Star\u0161\u00ed psi vykazovali zn\u00e1mky artritidy a dal\u0161\u00edch v\u011bkem podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch stav\u016f, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee byla ope\u010dov\u00e1v\u00e1na po cel\u00fd sv\u016fj \u017eivot.<\/p>\n\n

Ko\u010dky: Str\u00e1\u017eci m\u011bsta<\/h2>\n\n

Ko\u010dky byly nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty poh\u0159ben\u00fdmi na zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edm h\u0159bitov\u011b v Berenice a p\u0159edstavovaly p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 90 % poh\u0159b\u016f. Hr\u00e1ly kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v kontrole populace hlodavc\u016f ve m\u011bstsk\u00fdch skladech a lod\u00edch, co\u017e z nich \u010dinilo z\u00e1sadn\u00ed prvek pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a hygienu.<\/p>\n\n

Psi: V\u011brn\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00edci<\/h2>\n\n

Psi tvo\u0159ili asi 5 % poh\u0159b\u016f v Berenice. \u010casto se do\u017e\u00edvali vysok\u00e9ho v\u011bku, p\u0159esto\u017ee trp\u011bli r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my. P\u0159\u00edtomnost hrobov\u00fdch dar\u016f, jako jsou obojky a n\u00e1hrdeln\u00edky, nazna\u010duje, \u017ee psi byli vysoce cen\u011bn\u00fdmi spole\u010dn\u00edky.<\/p>\n\n

Opice: Exotick\u00fd dovoz<\/h2>\n\n

Opice dovezen\u00e9 z Indie byly tak\u00e9 poh\u0159b\u00edv\u00e1ny na zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edm h\u0159bitov\u011b v Berenice. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u010delily v\u00fdzv\u00e1m p\u0159i p\u0159izp\u016fsobov\u00e1n\u00ed se nezn\u00e1m\u00e9mu prost\u0159ed\u00ed a zem\u0159ely mlad\u00e9. P\u0159esto s nimi bylo zach\u00e1zeno s p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed a byly poh\u0159b\u00edv\u00e1ny s p\u0159edm\u011bty, jako jsou vln\u011bn\u00e9 deky a amfory.<\/p>\n\n

Jedine\u010dn\u00e9 poh\u0159ebn\u00ed praktiky<\/h2>\n\n

Na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch starov\u011bk\u00fdch egyptsk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch poh\u0159b\u016f nebyla zv\u00ed\u0159ata v Berenice mumifikov\u00e1na. Jejich poh\u0159by zjevn\u011b neslou\u017eily \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9mu ritu\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u00fa\u010delu. Odborn\u00edci spekuluj\u00ed, \u017ee lid\u00e9 v Berenice pohl\u00ed\u017eeli na sv\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata jako na spole\u010dn\u00edky a \u010dleny rodiny, nikoli jako na p\u0159edm\u011bty n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 oddanosti.<\/p>\n\n

Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi starov\u011bk\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edmi poh\u0159by<\/h2>\n\n

Zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed h\u0159bitov v Berenice se v\u00fdrazn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed od jin\u00fdch starov\u011bk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch poh\u0159b\u016f. V A\u0161kelonu v Izraeli obsahuje h\u0159bitov ze 4. a 5. stolet\u00ed tis\u00edce ps\u00edch poh\u0159b\u016f, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 jsou \u0161t\u011b\u0148ata. Tato zv\u00ed\u0159ata mohla b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed praxe. V Rusku poh\u0159b\u00edvaly skupiny lovc\u016f a sb\u011bra\u010d\u016f sv\u00e9 ps\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00edky s hrobov\u00fdmi dary p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 7 000 lety, co\u017e nazna\u010duje \u00fazk\u00e9 pouto mezi lidmi a zv\u00ed\u0159aty.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n

Zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed h\u0159bitov v Berenice poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o slo\u017eit\u00e9m vztahu mezi lidmi a zv\u00ed\u0159aty ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m Egypt\u011b. Odhaluje, \u017ee sta\u0159\u00ed Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 zach\u00e1zeli se sv\u00fdmi mazl\u00ed\u010dky s velkou p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed a soucitem a cenili si jich jako spole\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, ochr\u00e1nc\u016f a \u010dlen\u016f sv\u00fdch rodin.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Starov\u011bk\u00fd egyptsk\u00fd zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed h\u0159bitov: Okno do vztahu mezi \u010dlov\u011bkem a zv\u00ed\u0159etem P\u0159ehled P\u0159ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 2 000 lety, v \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b Berenice v Egypt\u011b, bylo se zv\u00ed\u0159aty zach\u00e1zeno s pozoruhodnou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[18254,1707,5791,18256,3196,541,18257,1584,18255],"class_list":["post-13548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-animal-archaeology","tag-cats","tag-monkeys","tag-pet-burials","tag-dogs","tag-ancient-egypt","tag-veterinary-science","tag-human-animal-bond","tag-berenice-pet-cemetery"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13548"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13549,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13548\/revisions\/13549"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}