{"id":13608,"date":"2024-07-13T19:45:16","date_gmt":"2024-07-13T19:45:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13608"},"modified":"2024-07-13T19:45:16","modified_gmt":"2024-07-13T19:45:16","slug":"history-of-the-christmas-card","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/art\/design\/history-of-the-christmas-card\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed: Od nov\u00e1torsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1padu k milovan\u00e9 tradici"},"content":{"rendered":"

Historie v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

P\u016fvod v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed prvek v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, m\u00e1 bohatou historii sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do po\u010d\u00e1tku viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry. V roce 1843 se v\u00e1\u017een\u00fd pedagog a mecen\u00e1\u0161 um\u011bn\u00ed jm\u00e9nem Henry Cole ocitl zahlcen v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed po\u0161tou. Ve snaze naj\u00edt \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed \u0161et\u0159\u00edc\u00ed \u010das pov\u011b\u0159il um\u011blce J. C. Horsleyho vytvo\u0159en\u00edm sv\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edho obr\u00e1zku, kter\u00fd by mohl p\u0159izp\u016fsobit a poslat sv\u00e9mu \u0161irok\u00e9mu okruhu p\u0159\u00e1tel. V\u00fdsledn\u00fd n\u00e1vrh zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed rodinu slav\u00edc\u00ed V\u00e1noce spolu se sc\u00e9nami charity se stal prvn\u00edm v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

Ran\u00e9 kontroverze a popularita<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee bylo prvn\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed praktick\u00e9, vyvolalo jistou kontroverzi kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu zobrazen\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed u\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch si v\u00edno. Praktick\u00e1 str\u00e1nka p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak rychle zast\u00ednila ve\u0161kerou kritiku a brzy si z\u00edskalo oblibu u dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch viktori\u00e1n\u016f. Louis Prang, prusk\u00fd p\u0159ist\u011bhovalec, p\u0159edstavil prvn\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech v roce 1875 s um\u011ble\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a jemn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem s obrazem kv\u011btiny.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdvoj v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu desetilet\u00ed se v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b vyv\u00edjelo. Ocen\u011bn\u00ed kvality a um\u011bleck\u00e9ho zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed rostlo, co\u017e vedlo ke vzniku sout\u011b\u017e\u00ed a sb\u011bratel\u016f p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. Po\u010d\u00e1tkem 20. stolet\u00ed se v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed stalo zaveden\u00fdm odv\u011btv\u00edm a spole\u010dnosti jako Hallmark p\u0159ich\u00e1zely s nov\u00fdmi form\u00e1ty a barevn\u00fdmi vzory, kter\u00e9 se staly nesm\u00edrn\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Slavn\u00ed um\u011blci a v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Hallmark a dal\u0161\u00ed vydavatel\u00e9 se sna\u017eili odli\u0161it sv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee pov\u011b\u0159ili slavn\u00e9 um\u011blce vytvo\u0159en\u00edm jedine\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1vrh\u016f. Mezi renomovan\u00e9 um\u011blce, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bli k tradici v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed a vytvo\u0159ili nezapomenuteln\u00e1 a sb\u011bratelsk\u00e1 d\u00edla, pat\u0159ili Salvador Dal\u00ed, Grandma Moses a Norman Rockwell.<\/p>\n\n

Modern\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Dnes je inovace v oblasti v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed poh\u00e1n\u011bna men\u0161\u00edmi, v\u00fdklenov\u00fdmi vydavateli, kte\u0159\u00ed oslovuj\u00ed specifick\u00e9 publikum propracovan\u00fdmi vyskakovac\u00edmi p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edmi, video p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edmi a personalizovan\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami. Tak\u00e9 city vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00e1 na v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edch se vyv\u00edjela a stala se srozumiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00fd jazyk a hodnoty.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed zn\u00e1mka<\/h2>\n\n

\u00davod prvn\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed zn\u00e1mky po\u0161tovn\u00ed slu\u017ebou Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f v roce 1962 d\u00e1le upevnil popularitu v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159es v\u00fdzvy spojen\u00e9 s v\u00fdrobou bylo vyti\u0161t\u011bno a distribuov\u00e1no p\u0159es jednu miliardu kus\u016f prvn\u00ed zn\u00e1mky, co\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148uje roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed jako velk\u00fd byznys<\/h2>\n\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed motivac\u00ed Henryho Colea k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed prvn\u00edho v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed bylo zefektivnit jeho v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed korespondenci. Ani\u017e by to tu\u0161il, polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady pro prosperuj\u00edc\u00ed pr\u016fmysl. Dnes p\u0159edstavuje trh s v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edmi p\u0159\u00e1n\u00edmi v\u00fdznamn\u00fd komer\u010dn\u00ed podnik, na kter\u00e9m vydavatel\u00e9 a maloobchodn\u00edci profituj\u00ed z tradice v\u00fdm\u011bny slavnostn\u00edch pozdrav\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Historie v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed P\u016fvod v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed V\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed prvek v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, m\u00e1 bohatou historii sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do po\u010d\u00e1tku viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry. V roce 1843 se v\u00e1\u017een\u00fd pedagog a mecen\u00e1\u0161 um\u011bn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":23864,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1060],"tags":[104,5076,18332,18331,1900],"class_list":["post-13608","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-design","tag-art-history","tag-popular-culture","tag-holiday-tradition","tag-christmas-card","tag-victorian-era"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13608","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13608"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13608\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13609,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13608\/revisions\/13609"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13608"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13608"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13608"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}