{"id":13754,"date":"2022-08-16T23:09:53","date_gmt":"2022-08-16T23:09:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13754"},"modified":"2022-08-16T23:09:53","modified_gmt":"2022-08-16T23:09:53","slug":"sacred-sites-biodiversity-havens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/ecology\/sacred-sites-biodiversity-havens\/","title":{"rendered":"Posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 m\u00edsta: \u00dato\u010di\u0161t\u011b pro biologickou rozmanitost"},"content":{"rendered":"

Posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 m\u00edsta: \u00dato\u010di\u0161t\u011b pro biologickou rozmanitost<\/h2>\n\n

Historick\u00e1 ochrana a jej\u00ed nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 v\u00fdhody<\/h2>\n\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu historie spole\u010dnosti ozna\u010dovaly n\u011bkter\u00e1 m\u00edsta za posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 a poskytovaly jim ochranu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed a tabu. Tato posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 m\u00edsta, jako jsou poh\u0159ebi\u0161t\u011b, chr\u00e1my a h\u0159bitovy, jsou po stalet\u00ed pe\u010dliv\u011b spravov\u00e1na, co\u017e vedlo k neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9mu d\u016fsledku: \u010dasto si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00edce ze sv\u00e9ho p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho stavu ne\u017e okoln\u00ed oblasti. Tento jev jim vynesl titul \u201eposv\u00e1tn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed m\u00edsta\u201c.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bdeck\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch pro biologickou rozmanitost<\/h2>\n\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee jin\u00e1 p\u0159irozen\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b \u010del\u00ed degradaci, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci si st\u00e1le v\u00edce uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed \u00falohu posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch m\u00edst v ochran\u011b biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti. Studie d\u016fsledn\u011b prok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee tato m\u00edsta ukr\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozmanitost rostlin a \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s neposv\u00e1tn\u00fdmi oblastmi. Tato v\u00fdhoda v biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti je patrn\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na u hub a p\u011bvc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed prosperuj\u00ed v neru\u0161en\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch poskytovan\u00fdch posv\u00e1tn\u00fdmi h\u00e1ji.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e1 studie: Posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 h\u00e1je v Epiru, \u0158ecko<\/h2>\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z nejl\u00e9pe prozkouman\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch m\u00edst je hornat\u00e1 oblast Epiru v severoz\u00e1padn\u00edm \u0158ecku. Zde m\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017ed\u00e1 vesnice jeden nebo v\u00edce posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch h\u00e1j\u016f, chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdmi v\u00edrami po stalet\u00ed. Tyto h\u00e1je slou\u017eily jako \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b pro biologickou rozmanitost a vykazuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det odli\u0161n\u00fdch spole\u010denstev druh\u016f a v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hojnost hub a p\u011bvc\u016f ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s bl\u00edzk\u00fdmi neposv\u00e1tn\u00fdmi lesy.<\/p>\n\n

Hrozby a v\u00fdzvy<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory sv\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eitosti \u010del\u00ed dnes posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed m\u00edsta hrozb\u00e1m. Zm\u011bny v popula\u010dn\u00ed dynamice a zp\u016fsoby vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy oslabily tradi\u010dn\u00ed pravidla, kter\u00e1 kdysi tato m\u00edsta chr\u00e1nila. Hodnota les\u016f v prevenci sesuv\u016f p\u016fdy a povodn\u00ed je \u010dasto p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eena a lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, jako je zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a rozvoj, mohou zasahovat do posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch \u00fazem\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam m\u00edstn\u00edch komunit<\/h2>\n\n

Posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed m\u00edsta nejsou pouze ekologicky hodnotn\u00e1; jsou tak\u00e9 hluboce zako\u0159en\u011bna v m\u00edstn\u00edch kultur\u00e1ch. M\u00edstn\u00ed komunity maj\u00ed \u010dasto silnou motivaci udr\u017eovat tato m\u00edsta a jejich p\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9 syst\u00e9my v\u00edry. Mohou v\u0161ak postr\u00e1dat prost\u0159edky k tomu, aby to d\u011blaly \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody<\/h2>\n\n

Aby byla zaji\u0161t\u011bna dlouhodob\u00e1 ochrana posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch m\u00edst, jsou nezbytn\u00e9 spolupracuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupy. Odborn\u00edci na ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody a m\u00edstn\u00ed komunity mohou spolupracovat na v\u00fdvoji strategi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vyv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed ochranu biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti s kulturn\u00ed ochranou. To m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat propojen\u00ed posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch m\u00edst s konven\u010dn\u00edmi ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi sch\u00e9maty a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed podpory m\u00edstn\u00edm komunit\u00e1m pro \u00fadr\u017ebu jejich posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch m\u00edst.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdhody za posv\u00e1tn\u00fdmi hranicemi<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdhody posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch m\u00edst p\u0159esahuj\u00ed jejich bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed hranice. Tato m\u00edsta mohou p\u016fsobit jako j\u00e1dra pro roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti, obnovu les\u016f a poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed stanovi\u0161\u0165 pro voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata v okoln\u00edch oblastech. Uzn\u00e1n\u00edm ekologick\u00e9 a kulturn\u00ed hodnoty posv\u00e1tn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch m\u00edst m\u016f\u017eeme vyu\u017e\u00edt jejich potenci\u00e1l k p\u0159isp\u011bn\u00ed ke glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu \u00fasil\u00ed o ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 m\u00edsta: \u00dato\u010di\u0161t\u011b pro biologickou rozmanitost Historick\u00e1 ochrana a jej\u00ed nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9 v\u00fdhody V pr\u016fb\u011bhu historie spole\u010dnosti ozna\u010dovaly n\u011bkter\u00e1 m\u00edsta za posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 a poskytovaly jim ochranu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed a tabu.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[590],"tags":[18494,89,18493,877,18492,1208],"class_list":["post-13754","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecology","tag-epirus","tag-cultural-heritage","tag-biodiversity-conservation","tag-environmental-protection","tag-sacred-natural-sites","tag-greece"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13754","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13754"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13754\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13755,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13754\/revisions\/13755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13754"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13754"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}