{"id":13981,"date":"2024-08-06T10:21:45","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T10:21:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=13981"},"modified":"2024-08-06T10:21:45","modified_gmt":"2024-08-06T10:21:45","slug":"ancient-water-bottles-toxic-secret","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/archaeology\/ancient-water-bottles-toxic-secret\/","title":{"rendered":"Starov\u011bk\u00e9 vodn\u00ed l\u00e1hve: Toxick\u00e9 tajemstv\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Star\u00e9 vodn\u00ed l\u00e1hve: Toxick\u00e9 tajemstv\u00ed?<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkum metod v\u00fdroby lahv\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edmi obyvateli odhaluje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed rizika<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159ed tis\u00edci lety vyr\u00e1b\u011bly domorod\u00e9 skupiny na Channel Islands v Kalifornii d\u016fmysln\u00e9 vodn\u00ed l\u00e1hve z rostlin s\u00edtiny pota\u017een\u00fdch bitumenem, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed ropnou l\u00e1tkou. P\u0159esto\u017ee tyto starov\u011bk\u00e9 n\u00e1doby dob\u0159e slou\u017eily sv\u00e9mu \u00fa\u010delu, ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 studie prok\u00e1zala potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed riziko spojen\u00e9 s jejich v\u00fdrobou.<\/p>\n\n

Bitumen a toxick\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie<\/h2>\n\n

Bitumen, kter\u00fd se prosakuje z podvodn\u00edch zdroj\u016f na Channel Islands, obsahuje toxick\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako polycyklick\u00e9 aromatick\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky (PAU). Tyto chemik\u00e1lie jsou spojeny s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my, v\u010detn\u011b rakoviny, p\u0159i vdechnut\u00ed nebo po\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Znovuzrozen\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9 techniky<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci z Kalifornsk\u00e9 univerzity se pustili do projektu obnovy procesu v\u00fdroby starov\u011bk\u00fdch lahv\u00ed pomoc\u00ed archeologick\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f a etnografick\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f. Pe\u010dliv\u011b dodr\u017eovali techniky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 \u010cuma\u0161i, domorodou skupinou, kter\u00e1 ob\u00fdvala ostrovy.<\/p>\n\n

M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed expozice PAU<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci pomoc\u00ed hmotnostn\u00ed spektrometrie m\u011b\u0159ili zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky uvol\u0148ovan\u00e9 do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed b\u011bhem procesu taven\u00ed bitumenu. Tak\u00e9 naplnili hotov\u00e9 l\u00e1hve vodou a olivov\u00fdm olejem, aby vyhodnotili chemick\u00e9 prosakov\u00e1n\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdsledky: Obavy o zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Zat\u00edmco koncentrace PAU ve vod\u011b a oleji nebyly dostate\u010dn\u011b vysok\u00e9, aby p\u0159edstavovaly okam\u017eit\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed rizika, hladiny v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010dily bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed limity stanoven\u00e9 Agenturou pro ochranu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (EPA). Osoby stoj\u00edc\u00ed nad tav\u00edc\u00edm se bitumenem by vdechly koncentrace PAU srovnateln\u00e9 s t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v cigaretov\u00e9m kou\u0159i.<\/p>\n\n

Dopad na zdrav\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Studie nazna\u010duje, \u017ee expozice PAU z taven\u00ed bitumenu mohla p\u0159isp\u011bt ke zhor\u0161en\u00ed zdravotn\u00edho stavu \u010cuma\u0161\u016f. Bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee \u010cuma\u0161ov\u00e9 maj\u00ed kostn\u00ed l\u00e9ze, \u0161patn\u00fd stav zub\u016f a zmen\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se velikost hlavy, po\u010d\u00ednaje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed 5 000 lety.<\/p>\n\n

Omezen\u00ed a budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\n\n

Studie se zam\u011b\u0159ila na expozici dosp\u011bl\u00fdch PAU, ale mal\u00e9 d\u011bti jsou n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k jejich \u0161kodliv\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm. Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum by mohl zkoumat hladiny expozice v ran\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci nav\u00edc uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee expozice PAU je pouze jedn\u00edm z potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch faktor\u016f zhor\u0161en\u00ed zdrav\u00ed \u010cuma\u0161\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam pro modern\u00ed zdrav\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159es omezen\u00ed studie zd\u016fraz\u0148uje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed paralely mezi starov\u011bk\u00fdmi a modern\u00edmi zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my. Expozice PAU je dnes v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm environment\u00e1ln\u00edm probl\u00e9mem, proto\u017ee je spojena se zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, asfaltem a cigaretov\u00fdm kou\u0159em.<\/p>\n\n

Starov\u011bk\u00e9 ponau\u010den\u00ed pro modern\u00ed dobu<\/h2>\n\n

Studiem zdravotn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f starov\u011bk\u00fdch praktik, jako jsou vodn\u00ed l\u00e1hve pota\u017een\u00e9 bitumenem, m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat poznatky o dlouhodob\u00e9m dopadu environment\u00e1ln\u00edch toxin\u016f na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Tyto znalosti n\u00e1m mohou pomoci l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bt zdravotn\u00edm rizik\u016fm, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed modern\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky, a zm\u00edrnit je.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Star\u00e9 vodn\u00ed l\u00e1hve: Toxick\u00e9 tajemstv\u00ed? V\u00fdzkum metod v\u00fdroby lahv\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edmi obyvateli odhaluje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed rizika P\u0159ed tis\u00edci lety vyr\u00e1b\u011bly domorod\u00e9 skupiny na Channel Islands v Kalifornii d\u016fmysln\u00e9 vodn\u00ed l\u00e1hve z…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24011,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[88,18809,18810,18811,4638,4811,18814,18812,1643,18813],"class_list":["post-13981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-archaeology","tag-bitumen","tag-california-channel-islands","tag-chumash","tag-environmental-health","tag-indigenous-cultures","tag-water-bottles","tag-pahs","tag-ancient-history","tag-toxicology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13981"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13982,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13981\/revisions\/13982"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24011"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}