{"id":14120,"date":"2026-06-21T14:16:47","date_gmt":"2026-06-21T14:16:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14120"},"modified":"2026-06-21T14:16:47","modified_gmt":"2026-06-21T14:16:47","slug":"lightning-shatters-records-redefining-the-thunderbolt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/meteorology\/lightning-shatters-records-redefining-the-thunderbolt\/","title":{"rendered":"Blesk p\u0159episuje rekordy: nejdel\u0161\u00ed a nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fadery, redefinice a nov\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed pravidla"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Blesk: P\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed rekord\u016f a redefinice hromov\u00e9 \u0161\u00edpy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Blesk, fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed jev, ned\u00e1vno p\u0159ekonal d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rekordy a donutil v\u011bdce p\u0159ehodnotit jeho definici.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nejdel\u0161\u00ed a nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fadery blesku na sv\u011bt\u011b<\/h3>\n\n<p>Dne 20. \u010dervna\u202f2007, b\u011bhem bou\u0159liv\u00e9 vich\u0159ice v Oklahom\u011b, se bleskov\u00fd \u00fader nat\u00e1hl na \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdch 199,5\u202fm\u00edle, \u010d\u00edm\u017e nastavil rekord pro nejdel\u0161\u00ed \u00fader blesku na sv\u011bt\u011b. Vznikl ve v\u00fd\u0161ce \u0161esti mil, dopadl na n\u011bkolika m\u00edstech a byl viditeln\u00fd a\u017e v Coloradu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Pouze o p\u011bt let pozd\u011bji, 30. srpna\u202f2012, trval jedin\u00fd bleskov\u00fd z\u00e1blesk ve Francii nev\u00eddan\u00fdch 7,74\u202fsekundy, \u010d\u00edm\u017e nastavil rekord pro nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fader blesku na sv\u011bt\u011b. Oba rekordy byly ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uzn\u00e1ny Sv\u011btovou meteorologickou organizac\u00ed (WMO).<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Porozum\u011bn\u00ed blesku: pozitivn\u00ed vs. negativn\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina bleskov\u00fdch \u00fader\u016f jsou \u201enegativn\u00ed blesky\u201c, kde se z\u00e1porn\u00fd n\u00e1boj z mraku vyb\u00edj\u00ed do zem\u011b. Tyto \u00fadery obvykle dosahuj\u00ed d\u00e9lky kolem \u0161esti mil. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5\u202f% blesk\u016f jsou v\u0161ak \u201epozitivn\u00ed blesky\u201c, kde se kladn\u00fd n\u00e1boj uvol\u0148uje z vrcholu mraku sm\u011brem k zemi. Tyto mocn\u00e9 \u00fadery nesou a\u017e desetkr\u00e1t v\u00edce energie ne\u017e negativn\u00ed \u00fadery a mohou cestovat a\u017e 25\u202fmil.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Redefinice blesku<\/h3>\n\n<p>Mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 rekordy blesk\u016f p\u0159im\u011bly WMO upravit ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed definici blesku. D\u0159\u00edve definovan\u00fd jako \u201es\u00e9rie elektrick\u00fdch proces\u016f prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch b\u011bhem jedn\u00e9 sekundy\u201c, je nyn\u00ed blesk definov\u00e1n jako \u201es\u00e9rie elektrick\u00fdch proces\u016f prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edch kontinu\u00e1ln\u011b\u201c.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bezpe\u010dnost p\u0159i blesku: P\u0159ehodnocen\u00ed pravidla 30\/30<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed rada p\u0159i blesku, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201epravidlo 30\/30\u201c, doporu\u010duje po usly\u0161en\u00ed h\u0159m\u011bn\u00ed b\u011bhem 30\u202fsekund od z\u00e1blesku z\u016fstat vnit\u0159n\u011b po dobu 30\u202fminut. Odborn\u00edci v\u0161ak nyn\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee toto pravidlo m\u016f\u017ee vy\u017eadovat revizi vzhledem k nov\u00e9mu pochopen\u00ed dosahu a trv\u00e1n\u00ed blesku.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u201e\u010c\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed je frekvence z\u00e1blesk\u016f, t\u00edm ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed je riziko, ale nen\u00ed to \u2018\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 riziko\u2019,\u201c \u0159ekl Timothy Lang z NASA Marshall Space Flight Center. \u201eJe d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bt, kde se blesk vyskytuje, a b\u00fdt si v\u011bdom potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch rizik.\u201c<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Blesk a zm\u011bna klimatu<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci tak\u00e9 zkoumaj\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fd dopad zm\u011bny klimatu na vzorce blesk\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 studie nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee s oteplen\u00edm atmosf\u00e9ry Zem\u011b se bou\u0159ky st\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi a intenzivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, co\u017e by mohlo v\u00e9st ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu bleskov\u00fdch \u00fader\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Meteorologov\u00e9 nyn\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pokro\u010dil\u00e9 technologie k monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a detekci bleskov\u00fdch z\u00e1blesk\u016f detailn\u011bji ne\u017e kdy p\u0159edt\u00edm. Toto roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017en\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm l\u00e9pe pochopit chov\u00e1n\u00ed blesk\u016f a zlep\u0161it bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed pozoruhodn\u00e9 fakty<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd po\u010det \u00famrt\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fdch bleskem v USA v\u00fdrazn\u011b klesl od 40. let 20. stolet\u00ed, d\u00edky zlep\u0161en\u00fdm bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed venkovn\u00edch aktivit b\u011bhem bou\u0159ek.<\/li>\n<li>Pozitivn\u00ed blesky jsou mnohem vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e negativn\u00ed, ale nesou podstatn\u011b v\u00edce energie a mohou b\u00fdt nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Blesk m\u016f\u017ee v ur\u010dit\u00fdch atmosf\u00e9rick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch cestovat des\u00edtky a\u017e stovky mil od sv\u00e9 mate\u0159sk\u00e9 bou\u0159e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Blesk: P\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed rekord\u016f a redefinice hromov\u00e9 \u0161\u00edpy Blesk, fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed a ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed jev, ned\u00e1vno p\u0159ekonal d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rekordy a donutil v\u011bdce p\u0159ehodnotit jeho definici. Nejdel\u0161\u00ed a nejjasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fadery blesku na sv\u011bt\u011b&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25515,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1278],"tags":[1346,3066,2939,252,97],"class_list":["post-14120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-meteorology","tag-lightning","tag-extreme-weather","tag-weather","tag-nature","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14120"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25516,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14120\/revisions\/25516"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}