{"id":14286,"date":"2020-03-09T21:24:37","date_gmt":"2020-03-09T21:24:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14286"},"modified":"2020-03-09T21:24:37","modified_gmt":"2020-03-09T21:24:37","slug":"james-watson-nobel-medal-auction-controversy-and-backlash","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/genetics\/james-watson-nobel-medal-auction-controversy-and-backlash\/","title":{"rendered":"James Watsonova Nobelova medaile v aukci: Kontroverze a odpor"},"content":{"rendered":"

James Watsonova Nobelova medaile v aukci: Kontroverze a odpor<\/h2>\n\n

Nobelova medaile bude vydra\u017eena<\/h2>\n\n

Ve \u010dtvrtek bude vydra\u017eena Jamesi Watsonovi jeho Nobelova medaile za jeho roli v objevu struktury DNA, co\u017e z n\u011bj ud\u011bl\u00e1 prvn\u00edho nobelistu, kter\u00fd svou cenu prod\u00e1. Watson, kter\u00e9mu je nyn\u00ed 90 let, \u010delil v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let kritice a odporu za sv\u00e9 rasistick\u00e9 a sexistick\u00e9 koment\u00e1\u0159e, co\u017e vedlo k jeho vyobcov\u00e1n\u00ed z v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunity.<\/p>\n\n

Watsonovy rasistick\u00e9 a sexistick\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky<\/h2>\n\n

Watsonova kari\u00e9ra byla poznamen\u00e1na \u0159adou ur\u00e1\u017eliv\u00fdch a diskrimina\u010dn\u00edch prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed. V roce 2007 vyvolal pobou\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00fdmi koment\u00e1\u0159i v Sunday Times, kde vyj\u00e1d\u0159il sv\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee Afri\u010dan\u00e9 jsou m\u00e9n\u011b inteligentn\u00ed ne\u017e lid\u00e9 jin\u00fdch ras. Tak\u00e9 pronesl hanliv\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky o \u017een\u00e1ch ve v\u011bd\u011b, ob\u00e9zn\u00edch lidech a homosexu\u00e1lech.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fsledky Watsonov\u00fdch koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Watsonovy rasistick\u00e9 a sexistick\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky vyvolaly rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 odsouzen\u00ed ze strany v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunity. Byl zbaven sv\u00e9ho 40let\u00e9ho \u010dlenstv\u00ed ve spr\u00e1vn\u00ed rad\u011b Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory a mnoho jeho b\u00fdval\u00fdch koleg\u016f se mu vyh\u00fdbalo.<\/p>\n\n

Aukce a o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdnosy<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159es Watsonovu kontroverzi se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee aukce jeho Nobelovy medaile vynese zna\u010dnou \u010d\u00e1stku. BBC uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee cena by se mohla prodat a\u017e za 3,5 milionu dolar\u016f, s dal\u0161\u00edmi 350 000 dolary za Watsonovy ru\u010dn\u011b psan\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky z jeho d\u011bkovn\u00e9 \u0159e\u010di. Watson uvedl, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdnos\u016f bude v\u011bnov\u00e1na charitativn\u00edm organizac\u00edm a akademick\u00fdm instituc\u00edm, zat\u00edmco \u010d\u00e1st m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt na n\u00e1kup obrazu od Davida Hockneyho.<\/p>\n\n

Neuznan\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos Rosalind Franklin<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159i diskusi o Watsonov\u011b objevu DNA je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 uznat v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky Rosalind Franklin, jej\u00ed\u017e rentgenov\u00e9 krystalografick\u00e9 sn\u00edmky byly pro Watsonovu a Crickovu pr\u00e1ci z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. P\u0159es jej\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli nebyla Franklin uzn\u00e1na jako spoluobjevitelka DNA a zem\u0159ela na rakovinu, ne\u017e se do\u010dkala uzn\u00e1n\u00ed za sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky.<\/p>\n\n

Watsonova rozep\u0159e s E. O. Wilsonem<\/h2>\n\n

Watson\u016fv sporn\u00fd vztah s renomovan\u00fdm biologem E. O. Wilsonem d\u00e1le podn\u00edtil kritiku jeho charakteru. Wilson v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee Watsonova genialita v mlad\u00e9m v\u011bku mu dala pocit opr\u00e1vn\u011bnosti a umo\u017enila mu \u010dinit skand\u00e1ln\u00ed prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, ani\u017e by \u010delil n\u00e1sledk\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n

Kritika Laury Helmuthov\u00e9 a Adama Rutherforda<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bde\u010dt\u00ed spisovatel\u00e9 Laura Helmuthov\u00e1 a Adam Rutherford byli hlasit\u00fdmi kritiky Watsonovy aukce Nobelovy medaile. Helmuthov\u00e1 odsoudila Watsonovy rasistick\u00e9 a sexistick\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky, zat\u00edmco Rutherford tvrdil, \u017ee je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 uznat jak velikost v\u011bdy, tak i nedostatky jej\u00edch praktik\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Watsonovo rozhodnut\u00ed prodat svou medaili<\/h2>\n\n

Watsonovo rozhodnut\u00ed prodat svou Nobelovu medaili se setkalo se sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fdmi reakcemi. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee jde o opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd pokus z\u00edskat zp\u011bt \u010d\u00e1st sv\u00e9 ztracen\u00e9 reputace a finan\u010dn\u00ed stability, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed to vid\u00ed jako zoufal\u00fd pokus z\u016fstat relevantn\u00ed a t\u011b\u017eit ze sv\u00fdch minul\u00fdch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Kontroverze kolem aukce<\/h2>\n\n

Aukce Watsonovy Nobelovy medaile vyvolala debatu o etice prodeje tak presti\u017en\u00edho ocen\u011bn\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o zradu v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunity a d\u011bdictv\u00ed t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed zasv\u011btili sv\u016fj \u017eivot v\u011bdeck\u00fdm objev\u016fm. Jin\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee Watson m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo d\u011blat se sv\u00fdm majetkem, co chce, bez ohledu na kontroverze kolem jeho minul\u00fdch koment\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Trval\u00fd odkaz Jamese Watsona<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory kontroverz\u00edm kolem jeho posledn\u00edch let nelze pop\u0159\u00edt Jamesovy Watsonovy p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky v\u011bd\u011b. Jeho objev DNA zm\u011bnil na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed genetiky a polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady modern\u00ed medic\u00edny. Jeho rasistick\u00e9 a sexistick\u00e9 pozn\u00e1mky v\u0161ak zanechaly trvalou skvrnu na jeho d\u011bdictv\u00ed a p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed n\u00e1m, \u017ee i geni\u00e1ln\u00ed mysli mohou b\u00fdt po\u0161kozeny p\u0159edsudky a nesn\u00e1\u0161enlivost\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

James Watsonova Nobelova medaile v aukci: Kontroverze a odpor Nobelova medaile bude vydra\u017eena Ve \u010dtvrtek bude vydra\u017eena Jamesi Watsonovi jeho Nobelova medaile za jeho roli v objevu struktury DNA, co\u017e…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1628],"tags":[3064,3184,19185,10,19186,902,5323,97],"class_list":["post-14286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genetics","tag-legacy","tag-dna","tag-james-watson","tag-controversy","tag-nobel-medal","tag-racism","tag-sexism","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14286"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14287,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14286\/revisions\/14287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}