{"id":14288,"date":"2021-03-12T18:53:31","date_gmt":"2021-03-12T18:53:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14288"},"modified":"2021-03-12T18:53:31","modified_gmt":"2021-03-12T18:53:31","slug":"jaguar-reintroduction-southwestern-united-states","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/jaguar-reintroduction-southwestern-united-states\/","title":{"rendered":"Reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f: P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost k obnoven\u00ed divok\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch USA"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f do jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historick\u00fd are\u00e1l roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a \u00fapadek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Jagu\u00e1\u0159i (Panthera onca) kdysi ob\u00fdvali Ameriku, v\u010detn\u011b centr\u00e1ln\u00edch hor jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b lov v polovin\u011b 20. stolet\u00ed jejich populaci zdecimoval, co\u017e vedlo k jejich t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 vyhuben\u00ed v USA.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u016fvody ochrany<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ochran\u00e1\u0159i nyn\u00ed uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitost reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f do jejich p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed v USA. Jagu\u00e1\u0159i jsou uvedeni jako t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ohro\u017een\u00ed na \u010cerven\u00e9m seznamu IUCN a jejich reintrodukce by mohla pos\u00edlit ochranu druhu. Krom\u011b toho jagu\u00e1\u0159i hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edch ekosyst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vhodn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci identifikovali vhodn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro jagu\u00e1ry o rozloze 2 milion\u016f akr\u016f od centr\u00e1ln\u00ed Arizony po Nov\u00e9 Mexiko. Tato oblast zahrnuje ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed a n\u00e1rodn\u00ed parky, \u00fazem\u00ed domorod\u00fdch kmen\u016f a \u010dlenit\u00fd ter\u00e9n s dostatkem vody a ko\u0159isti.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ekologick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody<\/h2>\n\n<p>Reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f by mohla obnovit p\u016fvodn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my kontrolou populac\u00ed ko\u0159isti a udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm biodiverzity. Jagu\u00e1\u0159i jsou vrcholov\u00ed pred\u00e1to\u0159i a jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnost m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit chov\u00e1n\u00ed a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody<\/h2>\n\n<p>Reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f by mohla tak\u00e9 prosp\u011bt ekonomice regionu. Ekoturistika, lov a dal\u0161\u00ed rekrea\u010dn\u00ed aktivity spojen\u00e9 s jagu\u00e1ry mohou generovat p\u0159\u00edjem a vytv\u00e1\u0159et pracovn\u00ed m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdzvy pro reintrodukci<\/h2>\n\n<p>Navzdory potenci\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdhod\u00e1m \u010del\u00ed reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f n\u011bkolika v\u00fdzv\u00e1m. Fragmentace prost\u0159ed\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 urbanizac\u00ed a existuj\u00edc\u00edmi \u00faseky hranice mezi USA a Mexikem blokuj\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00ed cesty jagu\u00e1r\u016f. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee existovat odpor od venkovsk\u00fdch obyvatel a farm\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed konflikt\u016f mezi lidmi a divokou zv\u011b\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Navrhovan\u00fd pl\u00e1n<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci nast\u00ednili pl\u00e1n reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f, kter\u00fd zd\u016fraz\u0148uje:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ochranu prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti o jagu\u00e1rech za \u00fa\u010delem podpory spole\u010densk\u00e9ho p\u0159ijet\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Z\u00e1kaz pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>C\u00edlem pl\u00e1nu je zah\u00e1jit diskusi mezi z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdmi stranami a \u0159\u00eddit budouc\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nou reintrodukci jagu\u00e1r\u016f. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti o ekologick\u00fdch a ekonomick\u00fdch v\u00fdhod\u00e1ch jagu\u00e1r\u016f m\u016f\u017ee pomoci \u0159e\u0161it obavy a budovat podporu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Perspektivy domorod\u00fdch obyvatel<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zahrnut\u00ed perspektiv domorod\u00fdch obyvatel je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v \u00fasil\u00ed o reintrodukci jagu\u00e1r\u016f. Domorod\u00e9 komunity maj\u00ed hlubok\u00e9 pochopen\u00ed krajiny a jej\u00ed divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e a jejich vstup m\u016f\u017ee informovat o ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f do jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f je slo\u017eit\u00fd a n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd \u00fakol. M\u00e1 v\u0161ak potenci\u00e1l obnovit p\u016fvodn\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9my, prosp\u011bt ekonomice a vylep\u0161it ekologick\u00e9 d\u011bdictv\u00ed regionu. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm v\u00fdzev a podporou spolupr\u00e1ce mezi z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00fdmi stranami m\u016f\u017eeme vydl\u00e1\u017edit cestu pro n\u00e1vrat t\u00e9to ikonick\u00e9 velk\u00e9 ko\u010dky do jej\u00edho historick\u00e9ho are\u00e1lu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reintrodukce jagu\u00e1r\u016f do jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f Historick\u00fd are\u00e1l roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a \u00fapadek Jagu\u00e1\u0159i (Panthera onca) kdysi ob\u00fdvali Ameriku, v\u010detn\u011b centr\u00e1ln\u00edch hor jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b lov v polovin\u011b 20. stolet\u00ed jejich&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[254,219,5764,401,5288],"class_list":["post-14288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-wildlife","tag-ecology","tag-jaguar","tag-conservation","tag-reintroduction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14288"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14288\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14289,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14288\/revisions\/14289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}