V roce 1924 u\u010dinil britsk\u00fd archeolog Howard Carter p\u0159elomov\u00fd objev: neporu\u0161enou hrobku Tutanchamona, staroegyptsk\u00e9ho faraona. Hrobka byla napln\u011bna v\u00edce ne\u017e 5 000 artefakty, kter\u00e9 poskytly bezprecedentn\u00ed pohled do \u017eivota a vl\u00e1dy tohoto z\u00e1hadn\u00e9ho panovn\u00edka.<\/p>\n\n
Dva roky po objeven\u00ed hrobky slibovala v\u00fdstava v Lond\u00fdn\u011b, \u017ee n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky pono\u0159\u00ed do \u201ev\u011brn\u00e9 kopie\u201c Tutanchamonova posledn\u00edho odpo\u010dinku. Um\u011blec William Aumonier pe\u010dliv\u011b vytvo\u0159il repliky artefakt\u016f pomoc\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed a kreseb, ale v\u00fdstava nebyla p\u0159esn\u00fdm odrazem p\u016fvodn\u00edho m\u00edsta. P\u0159esto p\u0159il\u00e1kala p\u0159es 25 milion\u016f lid\u00ed a za\u017eehla fascinaci Tutanchamonem, kter\u00e1 p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 dodnes.<\/p>\n\n
O stolet\u00ed pozd\u011bji vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed samostatn\u00e1 v\u00fdstava ve Washingtonu, D.C., Tutanchamonovu hrobku v je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. S v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 000 replikami vytvo\u0159en\u00fdmi egyptsk\u00fdmi \u0159emesln\u00edky nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u00fdstava \u201eTutanchamon: Jeho hrobka a jeho poklady\u201c pocit naprost\u00e9 extravagance kr\u00e1lovsk\u00fdch poh\u0159ebn\u00edch dar\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
V\u00fdstava obhajuje hodnotu replik jako vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, zejm\u00e9na kdy\u017e jsou origin\u00e1ly pro ve\u0159ejnost z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti nep\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9. Velk\u00e9 egyptsk\u00e9 muzeum v K\u00e1hi\u0159e vlastn\u00ed v\u0161ech 5 000 artefakt\u016f nalezen\u00fdch v hrobce, ale jeho otev\u0159en\u00ed bylo opakovan\u011b odlo\u017eeno. Repliky umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm za\u017e\u00edt hrobku a jej\u00ed poklady tak, jak je vid\u011bl Carter, kdy\u017e je objevil.<\/p>\n\n
Egyp\u0161t\u00ed \u0159emesln\u00edci, kamen\u00edci a socha\u0159i str\u00e1vili p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dty\u0159i roky vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm replik artefakt\u016f nalezen\u00fdch ve faraonov\u011b hrobce. Pou\u017eili s\u00e1dru, prysky\u0159ici, slitiny a sklen\u011bn\u00e9 aplikace, aby sv\u00fdm v\u00fdtvor\u016fm dodali barvu a hloubku. Na rozd\u00edl od Aumoniera m\u011bli tito \u0159emesln\u00edci p\u0159\u00edstup k rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9mu prim\u00e1rn\u00edmu zdrojov\u00e9mu materi\u00e1lu a tak\u00e9 k 3D sken\u016fm p\u016fvodn\u00edch artefakt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Egyptologov\u00e9 chv\u00e1l\u00ed \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016fm jejich pozornost k detail\u016fm, ale n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee repliky, bez ohledu na to, jak jsou dobr\u00e9, nemohou pln\u011b nahradit z\u00e1\u017eitek ze spat\u0159en\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edch artefakt\u016f. Repliky n\u00e1m v\u0161ak umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed znovu vytvo\u0159it archeologick\u00e1 nalezi\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e1 jsou ji\u017e d\u00e1vno rozpt\u00fdlena, a spojit objekty, kter\u00e9 se nyn\u00ed nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na r\u016fzn\u00fdch m\u00edstech.<\/p>\n\n
Pou\u017eit\u00ed replik vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 etick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se zachov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edstupnosti kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee repliky by nem\u011bly b\u00fdt pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny k nahrazen\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00edch artefakt\u016f, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee mohou slou\u017eit jako cenn\u00fd vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed n\u00e1stroj a doplnit z\u00e1\u017eitek z origin\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z jedine\u010dn\u00fdch rys\u016f sou\u010dasn\u00e9 v\u00fdstavy je jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupnost a interaktivita. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci se nejen mohou p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eit replik\u00e1m, ale jsou tak\u00e9 vyb\u00edzeni k tomu, aby se jich dot\u00fdkali a interagovali s nimi. Tato praktick\u00e1 zku\u0161enost p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00fd sv\u011bt k \u017eivotu a \u010din\u00ed ho pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky hmatateln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n
Cestovn\u00ed v\u00fdstava \u201eTutanchamon: Jeho hrobka a jeho poklady\u201c nab\u00edz\u00ed pohlcuj\u00edc\u00ed a vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm cestovat d\u011bjinami a kulturou starov\u011bk\u00e9ho Egypta. I kdy\u017e repliky mo\u017en\u00e1 pln\u011b nenahrazuj\u00ed p\u016fvodn\u00ed artefakty, poskytuj\u00ed cennou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost dozv\u011bd\u011bt se o velkoleposti Tutanchamonovy hrobky a jej\u00edch poklad\u016f a ocenit ji.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tutanchamonova hrobka: Cesta histori\u00ed a um\u011bn\u00edm Objev a vykop\u00e1vky V roce 1924 u\u010dinil britsk\u00fd archeolog Howard Carter p\u0159elomov\u00fd objev: neporu\u0161enou hrobku Tutanchamona, staroegyptsk\u00e9ho faraona. Hrobka byla napln\u011bna v\u00edce ne\u017e 5…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23395,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[88,27,15582,19187,19188,19189,2524,19190,541,19191,9,97,685,2697,7925],"class_list":["post-14292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-archaeology","tag-history","tag-tomb","tag-immersive","tag-interactive","tag-king-tutankhamun","tag-museum","tag-replicas","tag-ancient-egypt","tag-tutankhamuns-treasures","tag-art","tag-science","tag-virtual-reality","tag-exhibition","tag-educational"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14292","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14292"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14292\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14293,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14292\/revisions\/14293"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23395"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14292"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14292"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}