Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed byly \u017ealoby za poru\u0161en\u00ed slibu b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak\u00fdm se odm\u00edtnut\u00ed milenci dom\u00e1hali od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fajmu zp\u016fsobenou zru\u0161en\u00fdm zasnouben\u00edm nebo man\u017eelsk\u00fdm slibem. Tyto \u017ealoby, \u010dasto ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako \u017ealoby za \u201ecitovou \u00fajmu\u201c, m\u011bly za c\u00edl u\u010dinit jednotlivce odpov\u011bdn\u00fdmi za jejich poru\u0161en\u00e9 sliby a poskytnout finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00falevu t\u011bm, kter\u00fdm bylo ubl\u00ed\u017eeno.<\/p>\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z takov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00fd v roce 1915 zaplnil tituln\u00ed str\u00e1nky novin, byla \u017ealoba podan\u00e1 Helen Van Nessovou proti Louisovi Merillatovi, dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00e9mu hv\u011bzdn\u00e9mu hr\u00e1\u010di americk\u00e9ho fotbalu z West Pointu. Van Nessov\u00e1 tvrdila, \u017ee j\u00ed Merillat sl\u00edbil, \u017ee si ji po s\u00e9rii n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv v roce 1913 vezme. Merillat se v\u0161ak v roce 1915 o\u017eenil s jinou \u017eenou, Ethel Wynneovou, co\u017e Van Nessovou zanechalo se zlomen\u00fdm srdcem a pon\u00ed\u017eenou.<\/p>\n\n
Van Nessov\u00e1, kter\u00e1 se dom\u00e1hala od\u0161kodn\u011bn\u00ed za svou emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fajmu, podala na Merillata \u017ealobu v okrese Cook County ve st\u00e1t\u011b Illinois. Tvrdil, \u017ee Merillat\u016fv poru\u0161en\u00fd slib j\u00ed zp\u016fsobil zna\u010dnou emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed bolest a utrpen\u00ed, a po\u017eadovala 20 000 dolar\u016f jako n\u00e1hradu \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n
Merillat\u016fv obh\u00e1jce, proslul\u00fd pr\u00e1vn\u00edk Clarence Darrow, argumentoval, \u017ee mezi Van Nessovou a Merillatem neexistovala \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 dohoda o zasnouben\u00ed. Tvrdil, \u017ee Merillat nav\u0161t\u00edvil Van Nessovou jen n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t a nikdy j\u00ed v\u00fdslovn\u011b nesl\u00edbil, \u017ee si ji vezme.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159es Van Nessov\u00e9 emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdpov\u011b\u010f a jej\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee od Merillata obdr\u017eela z\u00e1snubn\u00ed prsten, soud jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad nakonec zam\u00edtl. Soudce rozhodl, \u017ee neexistuj\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy prokazuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1vazn\u00fd slib uzav\u0159en\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch desetilet\u00edch se \u017ealoby za citovou \u00fajmu staly st\u00e1le vz\u00e1cn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. V n\u011bkolika st\u00e1tech byla navr\u017eena legislativa, kter\u00e1 je m\u011bla zru\u0161it, s argumentem, \u017ee udr\u017euj\u00ed stereotypy o \u017een\u00e1ch jako neschopn\u00fdch postarat se o sebe. V roce 1947 st\u00e1t Illinois, kde Van Nessov\u00e1 podala \u017ealobu, p\u0159ijal z\u00e1kon zakazuj\u00edc\u00ed tresty odn\u011bt\u00ed svobody v p\u0159\u00edpadech poru\u0161en\u00ed slibu.<\/p>\n\n
Helen Van Nessov\u00e1 se po zam\u00edtnut\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u017ealoby st\u00e1hla z ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Louis Merillat naopak pokra\u010doval v \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 kari\u00e9\u0159e jako voj\u00e1k, hr\u00e1\u010d americk\u00e9ho fotbalu a sportovn\u00ed investor. Jeho man\u017eelstv\u00ed s Ethel Wynneovou z\u016fstalo navzdory obvin\u011bn\u00edm Van Nessov\u00e9 nedot\u010den\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159\u00edpad Helen Van Nessov\u00e9 versus Louise Merillata poukazuje na m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se spole\u010densk\u00e9 postoje v\u016f\u010di zru\u0161en\u00fdm zasnouben\u00edm a pr\u00e1vn\u00edm prost\u0159edk\u016fm dostupn\u00fdm t\u011bm, kter\u00fdm bylo ubl\u00ed\u017eeno. P\u0159esto\u017ee \u017ealoby za citovou \u00fajmu ji\u017e nejsou b\u011b\u017en\u00e9, emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed bolest a utrpen\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00fdm slibem mohou b\u00fdt st\u00e1le zna\u010dn\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Soudn\u00ed spor o zlomen\u00e9 srdce: Helen Van Nessov\u00e1 vs. Louis Merillat Pozad\u00ed \u017ealob za poru\u0161en\u00ed slibu Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed byly \u017ealoby za poru\u0161en\u00ed slibu b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak\u00fdm se odm\u00edtnut\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1803],"tags":[19312,19310,19311,19309,3691],"class_list":["post-14373","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-relationships","tag-1910s-america","tag-heart-balm","tag-love-and-law","tag-breach-of-promise","tag-social-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14373","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14373"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14373\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14374,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14373\/revisions\/14374"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14373"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14373"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14373"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}